In the history of ancient literature in China, poetry can express the author's inner feelings in a few words and describe the whole world in a simple and moving way, which is a literary genre with great influence. Have you ever studied this wonderful phenomenon or interesting story in a few words?
1. What is the difficulty of living in the world?
It is not unusual that ancient celebrities were prodigies when they were young, but there are not many experiences of being praised immediately after being denied. Unfortunately, Bai Juyi, the author of Mu Jiang Yin, suffered a great reversal. What happened?
Legend has it that Bai Juyi's uncle once took Bai Juyi to visit Gu Kuang, a famous poet who was over sixty. Seeing Gu Kuang, Bai Juyi respectfully said to him with his own work: "Gu's adult, I came to ask you for advice. I wrote a poem, please teach me! "
However, Gu Kuang doesn't have much patience to teach others. As soon as he heard that Bai Juyi was from the countryside and saw Bai Juyi's name on the scroll, he felt extremely ridiculous: "Chang 'an is expensive, but a white pony is not easy!" You'd better go back early! "
If ordinary people hear this, they will be ashamed. Even if Gu Kuang was famous at that time, he wouldn't pay attention to him. But Bai Juyi is not the case. He firmly believes that his poems can change Gu Kuang's thoughts. So he calmly said to Gu Kuang, "I live in the country and will go back soon. It is because I heard that you are a very learned person that I want you to have a look. If you are too busy to read, I can help you read. " Then Bai Juyi dug up a poem and read: "The vast grass crosses the plain and comes and goes with the four seasons. Wildfire never completely devoured them, and they grew taller in the spring breeze ... "
When he heard the phrase "the spring breeze blows high", Gu Kuang couldn't help it any longer and directly staged a big reversal. He suddenly took over the poems he had just rejected in every way and became addicted to the poems written by Bai Juyi. Later, Gu Kuang took Bai Juyi as an apprentice and said to him, "If you can write such a good poem, how difficult it is to live in the world!"
Second, people go to empty mountains.
"Kuang Qilu repairs the world"! Speaking of Lushan Mountain, people will think of the flowery valley, which sounds like the Three Diequan and the beautiful Five Old Peaks in Hong Zhong. Of course, I can even think of Li Bai's Looking at Lushan Waterfall! Besides beautiful scenery and poems, there are many interesting legends in Lushan Mountain. There is another legend about the origin of the name "Lushan Mountain".
As early as more than 2,000 years ago, there was a gentleman in Lushan who studied Taoism and sought immortality. It is said that at that time, his deeds of seeking immortality were known by the current emperor, who wanted to invite him out to work for the court. However, the son of heaven invited him many times, but he avoided it. Finally, he even sneaked into the mountains, and no one ever saw him again. Later, it was said that the custom of the rectification movement would not die out, leaving only empty houses in the mountains. Therefore, people call the place where people seek immortality through rectification movement "Xianju" and this mountain "Kuangshan" or "Kuangshan". In the Song Dynasty, because Song Taizu was named Zhao Kuangyin, it was renamed "Kuanglu" as "Lushan Mountain" to avoid its name. A generation of famous mountains got its name from this.
Third, there really is a lion roar in Hedong.
In our eyes, Su Shi is a great writer, calligrapher and painter, one of the "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties", and a representative of the uninhibited school. However, such a serious big man in history books usually jokes with his friends. For example, the famous "Lion Roar" allusion is the story he left when joking with his friends. Here Hedong lion refers to a very powerful woman!
According to records, Su Shi had a friend named Zuo, who was hospitable. Whenever friends come, he is hospitable, not only preparing wine and delicacies, but also letting beautiful dancers perform for the guests. However, his wife Liu is extremely dissatisfied with this. According to the standards of the ancients, she is "fierce and jealous", with a big temper and strong jealousy. Every time Liu is invited to accompany the wine at a banquet, Liu is jealous and knocks on the wall with a wooden stick. The guests were embarrassed and had to disperse.
Because Chen Jichang likes to talk about Buddhism on weekdays, and among Buddhists, "lion roar" is used to describe the majesty of the Buddha who shocked the world by giving lectures, so Su Shi also used the lion roar to describe Chen Jichang's wife's scolding him, and wrote a long poem called "Send Wu Deren to Jane Chen Jichang". There are several lines in the poem: "The monk in Longqiu is also poor, and he has no sleep at night when he speaks colloquially. Suddenly I heard lion roars, and my staff fell into my palm. " As for why there is the word "Hedong", it is mainly because Liu's native place is Hedong.
Later, this story was written into the widely circulated three stories of Rongzhai by Hong Mai in the Song Dynasty, thus leaving the allusion of "the roar of lions", while people who were afraid of their wives were dubbed "seasonal fetishism".
Fourth, Su Shi also performed stand-up crosstalk.
A little exploration of Su Shi's character shows that this man is not only a "foodie" but also a "scholar". To satisfy his appetite, he will even give you a stand-up comedy!
Once, Su Shi's eyes were uncomfortable, and the doctor told him not to eat meat. But when he heard that he couldn't eat meat, he suddenly felt unbearable. He started a debate about whether to eat meat by imitating his mouth and eyes.
Eyes firmly said: "I am sick and can't eat meat!" " "Mouth refused to compromise, even dissatisfied with Su Shi:" I am your mouth, it is your eyes. Why are you so thick for it and so thin for me? "I'm not allowed to eat meat because my eyes have problems. This is absolutely impossible. " Su Shi hesitated when he heard this. At this time, the mouth said to the eyes: "I have problems in the future, you can see anything, and I will never forbid you."
Although, in the end, Su Shi quoted Guan Zhong in the Spring and Autumn Period, explaining that one should not just enjoy happiness and lose awe; However, this kind of oral argument exposes Su Shi's nature of eating goods and "playing fine". Do not believe you see, in order to eat, even if sick, Su Shi will struggle!
Five, the mystery of smell
When spring comes, you will smell the faint flowers in the park; When mom cooks dinner, you will smell the attractive rice in the living room; It has just rained, and you will smell the fresh fragrance of vegetation when you walk on the road. After smelling so many scents, have you ever thought about how people's sense of smell comes into being?
Compared with animals, people's sense of smell may have been greatly degraded, because animals need to rely on sense of smell to survive and reproduce, and humans no longer need it. But even so, people's sense of smell is still about 10,000 times more sensitive than their sense of taste. Smell and taste are closely related, so when you have a cold, eating will feel tasteless, and even chocolate and ice cream can't bring you the sweetness of the past. So, as the main organ of smell, how does the nose smell?
No matter the structure or position of a person's nose, it is designed properly. The nose is convex, which is convenient for breathing; Olfactory cells are located above the mouth, which can easily smell the smell and supplement the information obtained by taste buds; There are two nostrils, which facilitate the smell to enter the respiratory tract smoothly. Even if the left side is blocked, there is one on the right side. When the nose inhales, the odorous substance comes into contact with the olfactory cilia in the nose, which will trigger a series of intense pulses, which will eventually be transmitted to the brain through nerve fibers. After analysis and judgment, the brain knows what the nose smells.
Surprisingly, even one odor molecule can trigger a series of olfactory reactions. However, many times, people still need to take a few more breaths when they identify the smell. One is that there are not many odor molecules that can be felt in the airflow, and the other is because the nose can only smell the smell of liquid substances. Of course, most of the odorous substances we come into contact with are in vapor state. When the nose inhales, the mucus secreted by the nasal cavity will automatically convert gaseous or solid substances into liquid, so we don't have to worry that the state of odorous substances will affect our odor discrimination ability. Is the person's nose very powerful?