Methods and techniques for appreciating poetry
Methods for appreciating ancient poetry: Grasping the poetic eye, grasping the image, and clarifying the artistic conception
1. Poetry eye: Poetry is language As an art, the ancients paid special attention to "refining characters" when writing poems. The most expressive word or word in a line or poem is usually a verb or adjective. For example, the word "jian" in "Seeing the Nanshan leisurely", the word "hao" in "The spring breeze on the red apricot branches", etc., make the poem vivid and vivid, and the whole realm is revealed.
2. Imagery: The scenery and objects shown by the author in the poem are a perfect combination of the objective "image" and the "emotion" of the author's use of scenery to express emotions and the "ambition" of chanting objects. .
The images in ancient poetry are often conventional and regular. For example, "plum blossom" is a symbol of noble character; "moon" represents homesickness; "swan geese" are messengers delivering messages, etc. wait. Sometimes poets will also create a group of images. For example, Ma Zhiyuan's "Autumn Thoughts" created 11 images, using the central image of "heartbroken man" to express his thoughts about returning to Huaiyuan in autumn.
3. Artistic conception: Artistic conception is the harmonious and broad picture of nature and life in literary and artistic works. It is permeated with the author's implicit and rich emotions and forms an artistic realm that can induce readers' imagination and thinking. Excellent ancient poems create artistic conceptions with broad artistic space. The relationship between the artistic conception (situation) of poetry is often about embodying emotion in the scene, touching the scene, and blending the scene. The artistic conception characteristics include: generous and tragic, vigorous and vigorous, tranquil and natural, vigorous and spectacular, tragic and desolate, lonely and lonely, etc. It can be seen that by grasping these key points, we can cross the language barrier, quickly touch the poet's spiritual world, enter the artistic realm of poetry, and interpret poems and answer questions.
Methods for appreciating ancient poetry: Common expression techniques
1. Direct expression of emotion: that is, directly expressing one's own joys, anger, sorrows and joys without borrowing external objects or covering up.
2. Indirect lyricism: that is, expressing emotions and revealing thoughts through describing scenes, narrating, and describing character actions.
3. Express emotions through scenery: In ancient poetry, some scenery has been given a certain humanistic symbolic meaning by poets, such as willows symbolizing farewell, plums symbolizing nobility, moon symbolizing reunion, wild geese symbolizing news, etc. When poets describe these scenes, they often also express certain feelings.
4. Integrating emotions into the scenery: that is, when the poet writes, he has already established emotional activities in his heart, and the emotions are implicit in the scenery he writes, allowing readers to feel and understand.
5. Scenery created based on emotion: The illusions and dreams in the poem are typical landscapes created based on emotion. If the scenery described by the poet is not in the same time and place or is not what he saw when he wrote the poem, but the poet gathers them into one poem to describe it for the sake of lyrical needs, it can be called "creating scenery based on emotion".
6. The coexistence of virtuality and reality supports objects to express aspirations: borrowing objects to describe people, and borrowing objects (things) to metaphor () principles are important techniques in poems about objects.
7. Exaggeration: Exaggeration refers to exaggerating or reducing the original shape, scale, and degree of things to enhance the subjective emotional color of poetry. (Li Bai often exaggerates)
8. Symbol: Symbol refers to expressing similar thoughts and emotions through specific images.
9. Allusions: Use allusions to express emotions and express feelings.
10. Contrast: Contrast is to make the characteristics of the two contrasting parties more distinct, such as the contrast between black and white, the contrast between life and death, the contrast between right and wrong, the contrast between movement and stillness, through vivid Contrast is used to emphasize, reveal a certain phenomenon, and explain a certain truth.