One of the ethos in Jian 'an period was that poets liked to write poems by first-person narrators. That is, try to figure out the feelings of objective people and express their feelings on their behalf. Cao Pi is a prominent one. For example, his "Seeing a Sailor's Wedding Farewell in Qinghe" is a lyric poem for newlyweds, "Widow's Poem" is a lyric poem for Ruan Li's widow, and "Miscellaneous Poems for His Wife Wang" is a lyric poem for his abandoned wife. Two miscellaneous poems also belong to this category, but they are just expressing their feelings on behalf of the wanderers. Its beauty lies in that it can truly express the feelings and moods of a wanderer in a foreign land, in which the author may have his own feelings, but it is not limited to the author, which is different from lyric poetry to express his own feelings.
The main feature of the first song is to make good use of Fubi, that is, to use lines to describe feelings. Without specifying the theme, the poet begins with a whole sentence of 12, accounting for two-thirds of the whole poem, deliberately describing the restless mood and wandering appearance of the protagonist at night. The poet puts the protagonist in the background of autumn night, and opens up a broad description space with the richness of the environment, so that he can calmly put pen to paper and write his own feelings. The whole picture is full of scenes and rich atmosphere.
Poetry begins with seasons and dates. "The ancient poem says," Worry makes the night long ". People who are full of worries are the most intolerant of long nights, and the rustling autumn wind adds a layer of desolation. On the surface, the first two sentences are purely scenery, but in fact they have hinted at a sad person, which is in harmony with the third and fourth sentences. This is the fascination of pen. The beauty of an atmosphere that people have never seen before but God has appeared is that it is all brewed in poetry. Although I don't know, I am really sensible. Three or four sentences will write that the protagonist is upset and insomnia. The protagonist's thoughts are too profound and single-minded, and he can't feel the passage of time. I didn't know that he had been wandering for a long time, and the dew had soaked his clothes. Although there are only two poems, they convey a thoughtful and wishful god. He bowed his head and swam, only the clear pool water rolled fish scales in the moonlight; Looking up, it is nothing more than the bright moon in the sky, the night is deep, the milky way has set in the west, and the vast night sky is inlaid with stars for a day. The seventh to tenth sentences describe the landscape with pens and brushes, but the pens and brushes are irrelevant. The protagonist's boredom and loneliness are beyond words, as wonderful as the first two sentences. " Why do the grass insects cry and the lonely geese are alone in the south? "Just at this time, the autumn insects broke the eardrum, and the lonely geese flying south lost the group broke into the eye, and they all touched things and increased their sense of thinking. The whole section is described in a leisurely style, and with the sight of the scene, the atmosphere is getting stronger and stronger.
After the description in the last paragraph, the protagonist's deep and worrying modality is already in sight. At this time, the poet gently fell into the theme: "I am sad and think of my hometown." Two sentences are crucial. This power does not come from the two sentences themselves, but from the wonderful foreshadowing description. The images of deep anxiety, sleepless, loneliness and boredom push homesickness to the extreme, which makes these two plain narratives have the magical effect of making the finishing point and complementing the previous scene. From this, we can also appreciate the mystery of ancient poetry composition. The poet did not stop there, but continued from the side that he wanted to return: "I hope to fly safely and get wings, and I want to help the river without beams." The strong desire to return home reflects the deep homesickness. There is no hope of going home, which pushes the protagonist to deeper sorrow. Therefore, only sighing at the wind will cut off the liver and intestines. This ending has a long aftertaste and lingering feelings, which is quite wonderful.
The second poem is completely different from the last one, although it is all about wanderers. In terms of artistic expression, the former one used Fu Pen, and this one used Bi Xing. In terms of ideological content, the former part focuses on the lingering homesickness of foreign wanderers, while this part focuses on the uneasiness of foreign wanderers. In order to meet the needs of this theme, the first six sentences highlight the scene of the wanderer being involuntarily exiled from his hometown in a metaphorical way. The poet applied Bixing to a superb level, vivid and full of charm. The beginning of the sentence is radiant: "There are clouds in the northwest, and the pavilion is like a car cover." A floating cloud is very suitable for the homeless. Automobile is one of the main means of transportation in ancient times. The floating cloud looks like a car cover, adding a layer of flu. The following two sentences are folded down layer by layer, and the story of wandering in exile is written in ink. "It's a pity that the timing is bad and it is suitable for the wind. It's hard to leave a corner of the cloud, but it's just the right time, just like a sudden gust of wind. Floating wind, violent wind. It shows that it is reasonable and natural for the wanderer to run away from home because of the strong wind encountered by the floating clouds. Blown by the wind, I walked all the way to the southeast pole: "Blow me to the southeast and go to Wuhui. "There is not a sigh in the sentence, but there are thousands of turns and infinite sadness." In Wu Hui, there is not a word without resentment. These six poems are floating in the clouds, with vivid images, profound meanings and thought-provoking. The ancients said that poetry should be well written and "full of images", and these strokes are enough.
The first six poems are full of sadness about fate. Of course, this sadness comes from the feeling of wandering, but in this poem, especially from the resentment that is difficult to stop in other places. This also became the first god to write about the feeling of uneasiness in a foreign land. If poetry can be written in the first place, it will be locked tightly before and after, and the realm will be muddy and meaningful. Therefore, it is easier to put pen to paper as follows: "Wu Hui is not his hometown, but An Neng can stay for a long time." Wu Jun and Huiji are not my hometown, so how can I stay here for a long time! Although it is only a decisive voice, it is impossible to know how much bitterness and resentment it contains. The beauty is that a thousand words come to my lips, but no one pours them out, only turning them into decisive voices, showing extremely complicated feelings and endless aftertaste. The last two sentences also use the same technique: "Abandon Mo Chenfu, and guests are often afraid of others." Stop it, you can't help being "always afraid of people" when you go out. Wanderers stop in other places, people are born, isolated and helpless, and have to beg for a living. This extremely complicated feeling can only be expressed by the word "fear of people", and it has a sense of infinite meaning.
The uneasiness of a foreign land is also an old theme of stray songs. The Book of Songs Feng Wang Ge _ said, "I don't care if I call someone else's father." "I am someone else's mother." "Others, also need not I smell. I wrote about the situation where homeless people can't go to other places to complain. The Brothers Wandering in His County in Ge Yanxing by Han Yuefu is better. They met an enthusiastic woman who sewed clothes for them, but they were always jealous and supercilious by the man, so they had to confess, "Don't be rude, Qingshui will see for herself. "But Cao Pi didn't describe some details in detail like the Book of Songs and Han Yuefu, but used highly summarized pen and ink to give full play to the magical use of virtual pen. The writing is vague, but it seems to say less. In fact, it is more profound, inspiring and imaginative, and Baoyun's content is richer. Imagination and reality have their own wonderful uses, and the dialectics of art will always be like this.