Remembering the past and composing poems: China has a long history of thousands of years, with beautiful scenery and romantic words. Although history is like waves scouring the sand, countless predecessors have dominated the historical stage and left many brilliant achievements, which is admirable. How few classes are left, which makes people sad. Therefore, the historical stories and deeds of the ancients are the theme of poems about nostalgia, which originated in the Wei and Jin Dynasties or even earlier. In the Tang dynasty, it became a common practice, and even outstanding historians such as Liu Yuxi and Du Mu appeared.
(1) Poems are mostly written with concise and carefully selected images, combined with feelings about nature, society and history, or lamenting the changes of the rise and fall of dynasties, or lamenting the sudden changes of years, or satirizing the debauchery and shamelessness of those in power, thus showing the author's meditation after reading all the vicissitudes, and containing a deep sense of suffering from bitter experience.
(2) Liu Yuxi and Du Mu are the main representatives of object-chanting poems. Liu Yuxi's famous poems include Wuyi Lane and Stone Town. What is Du Mu's quatrain on history? On the history of the 28-character poem, he has profound artistic attainments. His famous epics include Bo Qinhuai, Guo Huaqing Palace and Red Cliff.
Generally speaking, remembering ancient poems means remembering ancient people and things and integrating into the feelings of nature, society and history. Generally, it is mainly based on ancient ruins, with place names or? Visiting ancient times? Nostalgia? A poem on this topic.
(3) The poet's recollection and admiration of the past can be roughly described as follows:
1. Think about history calmly and rationally, and the poet himself is not involved. For example, Du Mu and Wang Anshi both wrote the poem Wujiang Pavilion. Du Mu felt sorry for Xiang Yu's suicide: Jiangdong disciples are so talented that it is not known that they will make a comeback. ? However, Wang Anshi felt the inevitability of Xiang Yu's failure history: Although Jiangdong disciples are here today, do you want to make a comeback for you?
2. Distort historical facts with reality, or lament personal experience, or attack social reality. Two Song Ci Poems "Niannujiao? Red Cliff Nostalgia, Jingkou Nostalgia and Gubeiting Nostalgia are all the same.
3, only grasp the shadow of history, deliberately use the topic to play, such as Li Shangyin's "Jia Sheng" is such a satirical masterpiece.
(4) Appreciation training:
Read the following Tang poem and then answer this question.
In the temple of the first king of Shu (Liu Yuxi)
The world is a hero, living and ruling for thousands of years.
You are the strongest of the three legs of this jar, and you have safeguarded the honor of money.
Andrew Bynum and Zhuge Liang created the foundation of the prime minister, but unfortunately his son is not the sage of his father.
Girls from your country have been taken captive and danced in the palaces of Wang Wei.
Note: ① Five baht money: a coin minted in the fifth year of Emperor Yuan Shou of the Han Dynasty. Later, Wang Mang gave it up, and in the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu restored it. (2) The classic "Hanshu Jin Chunqiu": Sima Wenwang (Zhao) and Zen banquet are all old tricks for them. Everyone else was impressed by it and laughed at it. ?
1、? Master Shu? Liu Bei in the Three Kingdoms period. The world? The word "Liu Bei Zhi" not only shows Liu Bei's boldness of vision in the world, but also points out his great achievements in the world. ? Lived and ruled for thousands of years. The rendering highlights Liu Bei's _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and also expresses the author's _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
2、? Have a look? In the sentence, Liu Bei was assisted by _ _ _ _ _, and started a great cause. ? Have a baby? The judgment refers to the son Liu Chan _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, which ruined the inheritance.
3. Thinking in connection with notes, what do the allusions used by the author in the ending couplets mean?
4. The whole poem first describes the prosperity of Shu, and then the decline of Shu. What historical lessons are summarized in the sharp contrast?
analyse
1, heroism; Admire, revere
2. Zhuge Liang; Cannot imitate the virtues of our ancestors (or answer? Unlike Xi 'an? Also)
3. Writing, regardless of one's ancestors, only seeks pleasure without shame, further revealing the reasons for the demise of Shu.
The gain and loss of talents is the key to the success or failure of great cause. Being good at phase selection enabled Liu Bei to create a great cause, but being shorter than his adopted son ruined his inheritance.
How to appreciate pastoral poetry (1) The pastoral school mainly describes natural landscapes such as mountains and rivers, and praises rural life, with pastoral scenery and the labor of agriculture, animal husbandry and fishing as the theme.
The poet takes natural landscapes or rural natural scenery and rural life as the object of chanting, and throws delicate brushstrokes into quiet mountains and leisurely fields to create a rural life, thus expressing his dissatisfaction with reality and yearning for a quiet and peaceful life.
Landscape pastoral poetry belongs to the category of landscape poetry. What are the main features of this kind of poetry? Everything is emotional? In other words, the landscape and natural scenery written by the author are all integrated into the author's subjective feelings, or lyrical by borrowing scenery or blending scenes.
(2) The specific style of pastoral poetry: fresh, lofty, broad and colorful.
(3) Pastoral school: represented by Meng Haoran and Wang Wei, in addition to Chu Guangxi, Chang Jian, Zuyong, Qi and others. They inherited the creative traditions of pastoral poetry and landscape poetry of Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun and Xie Tiao since Jin and Song Dynasties, and formed a school of poetry with the same theme and similar artistic style.
(4) Appreciation training:
1, in order to express love for nature and yearning for a quiet and peaceful life.
Read the following Tang poem and then answer this question.
Pastoral music (Wang Wei)
Hearts also contain fresh rain overnight, green willows and a touch of spring smoke.
The children at home have not been driven away, and the oriole singing the song of idleness is still sleeping.
(1) What thoughts and feelings does this poem express?
(2) In the poem, what expressive techniques did the author use to write the scenery?
analyse
(1) The first poem expresses the author's love for spring scenery. The second song depicts a quiet mountain village landscape with colorful flowers, expressing the poet's leisurely life in the countryside.
(2) Rendering colors, writing spring scenery in pink and willow green, giving people a gorgeous feeling; Audio-visual combination; The voice sets off the silence, the warbler sings clearly, but the mountain traveler is still asleep, showing the silence of the environment.
The poet expresses his personal ambition through magnificent scenery.
Read the poem of the following song and then answer this question.
Early summer (Sima Guang)
April is sunny and sunny, and after a storm comes a calm, Nanshan has clearly become a household.
There are no catkins in the wind, only sunflowers open to the sun.
(1) Analyze the scenery expression of this poem.
(2) Talk about the understanding of the thoughts and feelings of the last poem.
analyse
(1) This poem captures the typical scenery that can reflect the early summer scenery, including Nanshan in the distance and sunflowers nearby, as well as virtual catkins and real sunflowers, which set each other off and set off a peaceful artistic conception.
(2) The author compares the monarch to the sun, and euphemistically and implicitly expresses his unswerving feelings with the characteristics that sunflowers are biased towards the sun.
(5) Summary and induction:
There is a certain regularity in the appreciation of pastoral poems. Some poems express their love for nature and yearning for a quiet and peaceful life by borrowing scenery to express their feelings. Some poets express their personal ambitions through magnificent scenery; Some poets who have been relegated are entrusted with the feelings of sticking to their beliefs and being optimistic and broad-minded; Some expressed the poet's unique philosophical feelings. When appreciating, you can often use the following terms:
1, ideological content? Love nature, yearn for freedom, live in seclusion, be carefree, be carefree.
2. Expression techniques? Lyric (scene blending), combination of reality and reality, combination of motion and static, foil, contrast and sketch.
3. Language features? Fresh, natural, simple, natural and fresh washing and training.
The appreciation method of object-chanting poems is characterized by expressing objects. Everything in nature, from mountains and rivers to flowers, birds, insects and fish, can be the object of the poet's description, and all his feelings can be pinned on him.
(A) appreciation of chanting poems, we should pay attention to grasp from the following angles.
1. Appreciate the author's grasp and description of the characteristics of the things he recited, that is, image analysis. The ancients said that writing poems about objects should be done? Not leaving? That is to say, we should not stay on the surface of things (not on things), but also conform to the characteristics of what we sing (the music is wonderful).
2. Grasp the author's feelings about describing things. A good object-chanting poem always attracts readers with its vivid image and strong aesthetic feeling, and consciously or unconsciously reveals the author's attitude towards life, or entrusts with a beautiful ideal, or hints with the truth of life.
3. Analysis of the writing skills of chanting poems. Rhetorical devices such as personification, metaphor, pun and metonymy are often used in the overall conception of chanting poems.
(2) Appreciation training:
Read the following Tang poem and then answer this question.
Zi Gui (Wu Rong)
All the flowers in the country have passed away, and feathers have been floating for a year.
In a strange land, blood has stained the flowers all over the mountains, but spring has come, and this ancient garden is still lush.
In the cool wind after the rain, it hides in the green trees, moans, and the night is open, waiting for the sky to relax and sing.
It's getting late, and it's singing in the Xiangjiang River, causing all the ships on board to come to wail.
1. Poems praise things, convey meaning, and repeatedly render the fading sound of sub-rules. What kind of thoughts and feelings does the author have?
2. What kind of expression did Zhuan Xu use? Try to explain.
analyse
Zigui, another name written by Du Fu. This is also a common allusion when the ancients wrote poems. Du Yu, the king of Shu, was named Wang Ting. He lost his country, died and became a cuckoo. He cried sadly, and Li Gaoyin became famous. Watching cuckoo in spring? . From this poem? Pedestrian? It is also a self-reference.
answer
1, reflecting the author's wandering in a foreign land and frustrated career.