Introduction of works
The author of February 2nd is Li Shangyin, who was selected as the 92nd poem in Volume 539 of the whole Tang Poetry. This poem was written in the third year of his suppression. The whole poem describes the spring scenery in the river and reflects his own tragic life experience.
original text
February 2(nd)
Author: Tang Li Shangyin
On February 2nd, spring outing to the riverside, the spring breeze and sunny and warm music are melodious.
The stamens are like willow buds and graceful eyes, and the purple bees and butterflies hover, which is more slender.
He has been back to his hometown for three years. He has been in his hometown for three years.
The river on the new beach doesn't understand my mind, and the eaves hit by the wind and rain seem to be very loud.
To annotate ...
(1) According to the Records of All-Sichuan Literature and Art, February 2nd is an outing festival in Chengdu, and the customs in Zizhou are similar. This poem was written in Zizhou in February of the seventh year of Dazhong.
② Flower whiskers: stamens of flowers. Willow eyes: willow leaves born in early spring. Rogue: deliberately annoying.
3 yuan liangjing: refers to hometown. Tao Qian has a distinct personality. His "Return to the Garden" says: "There are remnants in the well, and the mulberry and bamboo rot."
4 engage in: refers to being an assistant. Yafu Camp: Refer to the military curtain of Liu Zhongying. Zhou Yafu Biography Han Shu named Yafu as a general, with excellent troops and strict military discipline, and was called Liu Ying.
⑤ Whole Poetry School: "Beach, a spring; Enlightenment, a daze; It rains at night, a rainy night. "
Make an appreciative comment
In the autumn of 85 1 year (the fifth year of Dazhong), Li Shangyin's wife Wang died. In order to make a living, at the request of our Dongchuan messenger Liu Zhongying, he had to be appointed as our festival secretary. In the same year 10, he left his young daughter and son and went to Zizhou (which is now under the jurisdiction of Santai in Sichuan) alone, starting his last and longest shogunate career. This poem should have been written in 854 AD, the third year when the poet was suppressed.
According to the custom in central Sichuan, February 2nd is an outing festival. The first sentence of this poem, "Jiang Shangxing on February 2nd", points out a spring outing on the river. The second sentence, "East Wind Warms blowing sheng", describes the initial feelings and impressions of a spring outing. The warm east wind and the warm rising sun all exude warm spring, that is, the sound, which seems to bring the warmth of spring back to the earth. Sheng spring is afraid of humidity, and the sound will be dull if it is blown for a long time in cold weather, so it is necessary to warm Sheng with small fire spice. The east wind is getting warmer, and Sheng is naturally warm and clear. "Smelling blowing sheng" and "Warm East Wind and Warm Day" write the feeling of walking on the Qingjiang River from the sense of hearing and feeling-warm spring is everywhere.
Zhuan Xu "Hua Beard is a rogue, and the purple butterfly wasp has feelings." Write about spring scenery on the river. If the first couplet still describes a natural feeling when you first come into contact with foreign objects, this couplet is intended to seek and enjoy spring. Flowers, willows, bees and butterflies are the most common things in spring. They are the symbols of life and vitality in spring. Red (flower), green (willow), yellow and purple compose the gorgeous colors of spring. However, this couplet not only describes the poet's lingering about the beautiful spring scenery, but also euphemistically reveals the sadness moved by the beautiful spring scenery. "Rogue" means "unintentional", as opposed to "sentient". Flower willow is something without human feelings and feelings. They just act according to the laws of nature. When spring comes, they sprout buds and grow leaves, showing the vitality of life in the east wind and the rising sun, emitting the breath of spring, regardless of people's joys and sorrows, so they are "rogues". Bees and butterflies are living animals. When spring comes to the world, they wear flowers and fly around the willows, as if to announce the coming of spring happily, so they say "love" However, whether it is an unintentional flower willow or a sentient bee butterfly, as a symbol of spring scenery and vitality, they are in sharp contrast with the poets who lost their lives in spring. "Rogue is rogue, and people with feelings have their own feelings, and they always accomplish nothing for me" (Yao Peiqian's Notes on Li Yishan's Poems), in fact, it is more than nothing, and it is also a kind of stimulation. It is not difficult to find the hidden pain revealed by the word "ge" and "ju" Poets write about the spring scenery in the river, writing about feelings and things, just to reflect their own sinking life experience and tragic mood. He Chao said: "I was forced to recall in the first half, so strong that people didn't feel it." . This "unconscious" is the moral of the poem.
Wanli, the "Neck Union", recalled Yuanliangjing and engaged in elegant service camp for three years. "I want to go back to my hometown long ago. Yuan Liangjing, using Tao Qian's "Returning to the Garden": "There is a legacy in the well stove, and the mulberry and bamboo are rotten"; Yafu Camp used Zhou Yafu to station troops to run Liu Xi's business, secretly hiding the surname of the curtain master. Although allusions are used, it seems to be picked casually and said casually. He once said that he was "ignorant for half a hectare, lacking several rooms", which shows that the poet doesn't even have the minimum material conditions for retiring from farming. "Wan Li" and "Three Years" seem to be out of the writing space, and the long time is actually to express the anguish and helplessness of wanting to return. Compared with poems such as "homesickness for three years, fear of entering the Spring Festival" ("freehand brushwork") and "three years of bitter fog, unwilling to look after the roof beams for leaving people" ("the beginning"), it is not difficult to feel the pain of staying in the world.
At the end of the couplet, it reads: "Xintan doesn't understand the wishes of tourists, and it is more like the rain at night. "Write about the special feelings caused by the running water of the new beach in the ears of mourners. The spring river rises, and the flowing water in the new beach sounds to ordinary spring travelers, which is naturally a cheerful and pleasant Haruka; But in the ears of homesick travelers, it is like the bleak wind and rain between the eaves at midnight, constantly stirring their own minds, so they lament that "Xintan does not understand the intentions of tourists." This is the listener's subjective feeling, but he also said "new beach ignorance", full of twists and turns. Feng Hao said: "Woods is subtle. We take this opportunity to send our hatred, but we don't know anything about Xintan. In order to touch my sorrow, we are even more sad. It's really frustrating. " It can be said that the goal has been achieved. Many poems written by Li Shangyin express the sadness of his life experience, and often deliberately render an ethereal and sad environment atmosphere with deep and dignified style and beautiful and delicate language. This poem, on the other hand, writes grief and indignation in a happy mood, contrasts bitter life experiences with bright spring scenery, expresses emotions in a light and smooth style, and expresses twists and turns in clear language, which has the artistic effect of complementing each other and uniting opposites.
Brief introduction of the author
Li Shangyin (about 8 12 or 8 13 ~ about 858), Han nationality, Yuxi native, also known as Fan Nansheng and Fan Nanzi, was a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty. His ancestral home was in Hanoi, Huaizhou (now Qinyang City, Henan Province), and his ancestors moved to Xingyang (now Zhengzhou, Henan Province). He is good at parallel prose writing, and his poems also have high literary value. He and Du Mu are called "Little Du Li" and Wen is called "Wen Li". Because his poems and essays are similar to those of the same period, and all three of them rank sixteenth in the family, they are also called "Thirty-six Style". His poems are novel in conception and rich in style, especially some love poems are lingering and memorable. But it is too obscure to be solved, and there is even a saying that "poets always love Quincy and wish that no one could write about Jian Zheng". Caught in the struggle between Niu and Li, I was frustrated all my life. After his death, he was buried in his hometown of Qinyang (now the junction of Qinyang and Aibo County).
According to New Tang Book, there are 20 volumes of Fan Nanjia Collection, 20 volumes of Fan Nanyi Collection, 3 volumes of Western Henan, Fu 1 volume, Wen 1 volume, and some works have been lost.