Text description
Second, the problem research
1. Which sentences in the text show Mr. Wu Liu's personality, life and interests? What kind of image is portrayed?
"Say few words, don't envy Li Rong", which shows Mr. Wu Liu's seclusion mentality. This is the most prominent place in his character. He has three interests. One is reading, the other is drinking, and the third is writing articles.
Through these narratives, the image of a poor but leisurely hermit is vividly portrayed.
2. Tao Yuanming is "good at reading", why is he "not asking for a solution"?
This is related to his "no desire is just". The purpose of his reading is a kind of intellectual satisfaction and spiritual enjoyment, so "every time I know something, I am so happy that I forget to eat." He does not seek fame or profit, but only spiritual comfort. His lack of understanding reflects his frank and natural character.
3. Which sentence of "praise" matches the sentence of "I don't admire Li Rong" in the biography? What do you think of Mr. Wu Liu's "no desire is just"?
The sentence corresponding to "Don't worship Li Rong" is "Don't use wealth"
Students can express their views on the view of "not worshiping Li Rong", as long as it is reasonable, there is no need for a unified answer.
Practice note
First recite the text, draw a sentence that shows Mr. Wu Liu's character, and say whether you like Mr. Wu Liu and why.
The purpose of this topic is to guide students to be familiar with the text and increase their sense of classical Chinese language by reciting. The sentence that expresses Mr. Wu Liu's character in the article is: "Be quiet and talk less, don't admire Li Rong." Good reading, not asking for a solution; Every time I know something, I forget to eat happily. I am addicted to alcohol. I get drunk when I make a drink. I am always reluctant to go. I have been tied into a short brown knot. I talk about it repeatedly. I have been entertaining myself with articles and so on. "Tell me whether you like Mr.56 or not and why" is an open-ended exercise. There is no uniform answer. Students can express their opinions as long as they tell their true feelings and make sense.
Second, explain the underlined words in the following statements.
1. Every time I know something, I forget to eat happily. (refers to a unique understanding of the meaning of books. Yes, experience, understand. It means the will in the book. )
If you make drinks, you will get drunk. (No, just. Stop, look forward to it. )
The ring is blocked, and it doesn't catch the wind. (the appearance of cold and cheerless. )
4. Short brown matching, ladybugs are numerous and empty. (a calm look. )
5. Don't worry about poverty, don't worry about wealth. (sad and sad. Despair and anxiety. )
Is this article an autobiography of Tao Yuanming? Please refer to the relevant materials after class and talk about your own views in combination with the poems read by Tao Yuanming.
This is an expanding exercise, which is intended to communicate the connection inside and outside the class, as well as the connection between this class and Tao Yuanming's poems that students have read before. There is no unified answer to this question. It is important to guide students to find relevant information after class and talk about their own views. Students can communicate with each other and inspire each other. It is conducive to advocating students' active participation, willingness to explore and hard work, and cultivating students' ability to collect and process information about Tao Yuanming. Talking about your own views is also an exercise of oral expression.
Fourth, translate the text into modern Chinese.
This is an exercise that requires students to write by hand. See "Reference Translation" in "Related Materials". In fact, the process of translation also requires students to master all the contents of the full text. This topic aims to guide students to further understand the content of the text. By translating into modern Chinese, students can accumulate classical Chinese vocabulary in the process of writing, and at the same time, they can realize the different language characteristics between classical Chinese and modern Chinese, thus cultivating a sense of language for classical Chinese.
Teaching suggestion
First, it can guide students to understand the interest and mental outlook of the characters and experience the writing method with distinctive personality; Understand Mr. Wu Liu's reading method and attitude of "good reading, not seeking very understanding"; Understand the writing characteristics of negative sentences in this article.
Second, give priority to nudging and practice reading more. Focus on the words related to understanding the text, such as "Ru Yan, Xiao Ran, Ji Ji, Qi Qi". It is enough to know the main idea of the text, and there is no need for word-for-word translation. Some sentences, such as "Don't hesitate to go or stay" and "What you say is like a person's embarrassment", can only be understood as a whole and should not be too detailed. You can briefly introduce the author's life and background.
Third, Tao Yuanming's distinctive ideological character, such as not liking fame and fortune, being frank and natural, and enjoying poverty, runs through the article from beginning to end. Teachers can design tables to guide students to analyze their own personality, thoughts, hobbies, life and writing, and fill in the contents through discussion. This exercise can not only help students understand the writing method of this lesson, but also guide them to recite.
Fourthly, this article is a self-portrait of the author, but it is in the form of historical biography. For the benefits of this writing, we can do some inspiration.
Five, the difficulties in the text content, teachers should pay attention to:
(1) "I don't want to know too much when I study. If I know something, I forget to eat." We can't just understand the meaning of this sentence as a way of reading, that is, reading words will not die, but ask for its true meaning.
(2) "Short brown knot, empty ladybug, perfect." Tao Yuanming not only wrote that he was content with poverty, but also implicitly showed that the author took the ancient saint Yan Hui as his responsibility and pursued noble moral sentiments. It can be said that it is hidden and has implications.
related data
First of all, about the author
Students have already learned Peach Blossom Spring, and they are familiar with the author's name and general deeds, so there is no need to introduce them. Here are two excerpts from Tao Yuanming's family life and alcoholism for reference.
1. Tao Yuanming's "Preface to Returning to Xi": "Yu Jia is poor, and farming is not enough for self-sufficiency. Childish room, no millet in the bottle. I was born with something I haven't seen. Some relatives and friends even advised Yu to be an officer, but he was pregnant and asked for the Tao. There will be things in all directions, and the princes take love as their virtue. My uncle is poor, so he uses it in a small town. When the storm is not calm, I am afraid of distant service. Pengze went home for a hundred miles, and the profit of the public field was full of wine, so he asked for it. And after a few days, there is a feeling of returning to China as soon as possible. What is this? It is natural in nature and is not obtained through revision; Although hunger and cold cut, but it is against their own diseases. ..... Mid-Autumn Festival to winter, in the officer for more than eighty days ... "
Press: Back to Xi Ci and Biography of Mr. Wu Liu have always been regarded as companion pieces. The former was written in 405 when the author abandoned his post and returned to the field, with Lotte know life as the main theme; The latter was written after the Song Dynasty moved to Jin Dynasty (420), aiming at helping the poor and enjoying Taoism, which can be compared.
2. Xiao Tong's Preface to the Collection of Tao Yuanming: "There is wine and doubt in Tao Yuanming's poems. In my opinion, the original intention is not wine, but also wine. His articles are not crowded, the words are brilliant, the ups and downs are obvious, and he is unique. The cadence is bright and clear, better than Beijing (big). Cross the elemental wave, swim with it and go straight up. Language and current affairs can be imagined, and the theory of arms is broad and true. I will never stop being loyal to my ambition, and I will lead a hard life. I am not ashamed of my efforts, nor am I sick of my lack of money. Since I am not the Great Sage, how can I be so bad? "
Second, the supplementary explanation
1. There are five willows near the house.
From the poem "After the eaves of Liu Yin, peaches and plums fall in tang qian" (The First Part of Returning to the Garden), we can know that there are indeed willows next to Taojia.
study hard
Tao Yuanming studied after ploughing, which can be seen from "I have plowed and planted, and I still studied when I was young" (Reading Shan Hai Jing). I often discuss with my friends and neighbors, so I wrote: "Appreciation of strange pens, analysis of doubts." (The first song of Migration)
3. Sexual alcoholism
"Wine is brewed in spring, and I'll pour it when it's ripe" (Teacher Guo's book), "Wash under the eaves, and fight for wine to spill on your face" (Harvest early rice in Xitian in mid-September on your birthday), and "Don't say anything, wave a cup to persuade the lonely shadow" (Miscellaneous Poem 2).
4. Ladybugs appear repeatedly.
This is Mr May 6th's self-description of Yan Hui, and Yan Hui's repeated efforts to "not change his pleasure" show that he is content with poverty. So should Mr. Wu Liu. Tao Yuanming is also often "empty", such as "hunger drives me away and I am at a loss; Traveling to Sri Lanka, Knocking at the Door (Begging for Food) is about the situation that he had to go out to borrow money because of lack of food.
5. Qian Lou
Qi people in the Warring States period. Lu Gongyou once sent an envoy to give him a gift, giving him 3,000 points, and wanted to hire him as the prime minister, but he refused. The king of Qi sent another hundred Jin of gold and hired him as Qing, but he refused. He died naked. His wife is also very virtuous. Qian Lou has something to say, and one is Qian Lou's wife has something to say. Tao Yuanming once wrote in Ode to the Poor: "Qian Lou has existed since ancient times."
Three. translate
Mr. Wu Liu doesn't know where he comes from, nor his name and inscription. Because there are five willows beside the house, I made my own number with them. He is quiet, seldom talks, and does not envy wealth. I like reading, but I don't work too hard on words. Whenever I understand the meaning of the book, I forget to eat with joy. He is addicted to alcohol, his family is poor, and he often has no alcohol to drink. Relatives and friends all know about him and sometimes invite him to drink. As soon as he comes, he will drink to his heart's content. I hope he will get drunk. Go home when you are drunk. Come on, let's go. The shabby room is deserted and can't cover the wind and sunshine. There are many patches on the coarse coat, and the rice basket and ladle are often empty, but he is at ease. I often write articles to amuse myself, and I also reveal my interests little by little from the articles. He never cared about gains and losses, so he ended his life.
Zan: Qian Lou's wife once said, "I'm not poor, and I'm not interested in getting rich and being an official." Judging from this, he should be Mr. Singing poetry while drinking, I feel extremely happy for my firm ambition. He is probably a man without Wyeth, or one of Ge Shitian's men?
Four. Appreciation of Biography of Mr. Wu Liu (Sun Jing)
Tao Yuanming is a great man in the history of China literature. His poems are unique and his prose attainments are high. Ouyang Xiu fell in love with him in the Northern Song Dynasty. He once said: "Jin has no article, Tao Yuanming's Return." In fact, not only Back to Xi Ci, Peach Blossom Garden and Biography of Mr. Wu Liu are also good articles.
Shen Yue and Xiao Tong in the Southern Dynasties, which were not far from Tao Yuanming, all said that Tao Yuanming's Biography of Mr. Wuliu was a "self-report" and a "record" at that time. This statement makes sense. Everything written in the Biography of Mr. Wu Liu can be confirmed by Ishikawa and this episode's notes about the author. In a sense, it can be said that Biography of Mr. Wu Liu is the author's self-portrait, which is the first thing to grasp when reading this article.
Although Tao Yuanming spent his life mainly in the countryside and was called a "hermit" by his contemporaries, he was a man with lofty aspirations and a heart for the world. In Miscellaneous Poems, he said "when I was young" and "when I was ambitious". In the poem "Drinking", it is said that "a teenager is rare, and he can swim well after six classics. Don't be confused, you will get nothing if you stay for a long time. " I am deeply moved by the fact that I am nearly forty years old and still have no achievements. Being an official for several times in middle age only made him feel "ashamed of his ambition", and because of his Geng Jie temperament, he couldn't be smooth sailing, and it was inevitable that he wouldn't get into trouble, so he resolutely returned to the field. He regards the countryside as a pure land opposite to decadent reality, where he lives happily with a strong romantic atmosphere and is proud of the world. His value lies in keeping his ambition and not being in cahoots with the common customs. Biography of Mr. 56 depicts such a noble and upright person under the guise of Mr. 56.
The full text is not long, and there are some differences in different versions, but they are all between 170 and 80 words. In such a short space, you can sketch the characters, but you can achieve full image and distinct personality. You can't help but admire the author's artistic skills.
The first four sentences are a description of the identity of the characters. Wandering and funny. But don't take it lightly, thinking it's just an interesting stroke by the author, but it actually contains profound meaning. "Xu" means "place" and "who" means "where". The ancients attached great importance to seeing the land, and their surnames often put family background first, such as Wang Langya and Xie Chen, especially under the gate valve system of the Jin Dynasty. But Mr. Wu Liu doesn't know where he comes from, which means he is not in the popular concept. No matter how famous the ancients were, they also had so-called virtue, merit and insight, hoping to live forever. However, Mr. Wang didn't even know his surname and name, so he pointed to the No.5 Vitamin beside the house, showing that he was out of the common sense. These strokes not only fully express the meaning of anonymity and contentment, but also highlight the excellent quality of Mr. Wu Liu. As soon as he came up, the spirit of "being superior" enveloped the whole article. The language is extremely simple and the taste is extremely deep and mellow, which is what Su Dongpo said when commenting on Tao poetry. The author's poem "Returning to the Garden" says: "There are more than ten acres of square houses and eight or nine thatched houses. After the willow leaves became shady, Li Tao Luo tang qian. " In Biography, "There are five willows beside the house, because the numbers are obscure", which faintly exudes an idyllic atmosphere and sets off the image of an idyllic hermit. It can be said that there is no extra pen and ink. Rong commented on Tao's poems and said, "The style of writing is clean and there are almost no long words." You can also comment on his article.
The sentence "Jing" points out the most essential feeling of Mr. Wu Liu with a positive narrative. It is precisely because I am not tempted by fame and fortune that I can keep my ambition, which is why I am above the custom. Zhu said: "Although the figures in Jin and Song Dynasties are lofty, they all occupy important positions. One party made it clear, and the other party attracted the right to receive the goods. Can Tao Yuanming really have it? This is higher than the figures in the Jin and Song Dynasties. " That's more relevant. "Quiet and quiet" and "don't care about Li Rong" mean that you don't like social intercourse, and "quiet and quiet" means that you don't like social intercourse, which means that "making friends and relaxing, lying down and playing the piano" and "building a house in a human environment, but no horses and chariots" in Tao's poems echo each other and complement each other.
The following focuses on Mr. Wu Liu's life style of staying in his hometown. Written in four aspects, the center highlights its carefree mood. "Good reading" is about reading. The solution of "not asking for a solution" has always been very different. Actually, it's just for the "know" below. This means that reading does not seek a thorough grasp of the book system, but only focuses on those who will satisfy themselves, that is, looking for the sustenance of thoughts and feelings. In the poem "A Long History of Giving Sheep", the author said: "Foolish students in three seasons miss Huang Yu generously. You must know that for thousands of years, you have relied on ancient books. This is the best explanation for this reading attitude. " "Sexual alcoholism" means drinking alcohol. "Doing" means "arriving" and "making drinks" means drinking there. "Generosity" means "not loving" and "not caring". Kissing old people attracts drinking, so that drinking will make you drunk, but you have no intention of staying or staying. Obviously, Mr. Wang meant to drink, not to people. There is a feeling of wine, but people have no intention of wine, which makes the taste of drinking more intense. The author's poem "Chinese New Year in Ji You on September 9th" once said: "What makes you call my feelings? This is homemade in mud. "These words mean to write his feelings after being drunk. The five sentences in "Blocking the Ring" are to write poverty. " "Blocking" means "wall", and "blocking bleak" means that the wall is empty. "Brown short tie" means wearing coarse cloth and a short coat with holes and patches. "Spoon" is a container for rice and water, and "empty scoop" means discontinuous diet. "Ru Yan" is safe. It's not difficult to live without food and clothing, but it's calm. Not because of poverty, nor because of poverty and failure, I saw the height of my husband. When talking about Tao Yuanming's peaceful side, Mr. Lu Xun said that he was "a very peaceful pastoral poet. His attitude is difficult to learn. He is poor, but his heart is calm. Often without food, they go to other people's doors to beg. ""He is in rags, but he is still picking chrysanthemums under the hedge. He occasionally looks up at Nanshan leisurely. How natural. "Can help us understand the realm written here. "Often write" is writing, and his original intention is to show his will and entertain his feelings. What do you want to show and entertain? This is the strange feeling that Gao Zhi wrote in this biography: he hates the secular, sticks to the pastoral, and even revels in the pastoral. He used the article to "guide feelings" and enjoyed himself, so he forgot the worldly gains and losses and ended up with the article. To sum up, there are four aspects: reading comfortably, being drunk, being happy, and writing entertainment records. Through the outline of these aspects, the image of a "master" who adheres to moral integrity and does not follow the customs is established and vivid. The selection of materials is extremely refined, the language is extremely simple, meaningful and natural. The ancients said that if an article is done well, adding one point is too long and subtracting one point is too short. Tao Wenda has reached this standard.
There is also a "like" at the end of the article. "Zan" is a style of historical biography, which is posted at the end of the biography. "Wen Xin Diao Long" said: "Praise, understand and help." According to Mr. Zheng Zhenduo's explanation, there are some incomplete notes in the biography, which supplement the meaning of "praise", that is, "help"; The meaning of praise and criticism in biography is not exhausted, but is fully explained in "praise", which is the so-called "Ming" meaning. Therefore, "praise" is not a compliment, but a further supplement and explanation to the notes and annotations of historical biography. This paper uses this integrated form to further reveal the spirit of Mr. Wu Liu and expand the realm of his articles. "Qian Lou" in The Biography of Gao Shi is an outstanding person of Qi who was not employed by Qing Xiang. Qian Lou's wife's words can be found in Biography of Women. "Sadness" means sadness, and "pity" means passionate pursuit. The phrase "his words" means that Qian Lou's wife is talking about Mr May 6th and others. "Zi" is a conjunction, which plays a connecting role and has the meaning of "Ze" and "Shi". "If people", this person, refers to Mr. If we summarize the image of Mr. Wu Liu in Biographical Literature, it is "don't care about poverty, don't care about wealth" and "write poems with joy". These words in Zan became the finishing touch, which made Mr. Wuliu's spirit clearer, which can be said to be the "bright" function of Zan style. Wu Huai in Zhuangzi and Ge in Lv Chunqiu are legendary ancient emperors. Tao Yuanming often refers to his ideal era and ideal society with ancient historical legends. The poem "Fu Bao" said: "Huang can't catch it, he is alone." "Don Juan" refers to the legendary era of the Yellow Emperor and Tang Yao. The poem "Drinking" says: "Xi Nong has been away from me for a long time, and there are few true feelings in the world." "Xi Nong" refers to the legendary Fuxi and Shennong times. Appreciating Mr. Wuliu is simply a common people in the Ge era, which means that Mr. Wuliu's life is the life of people in an ideal society. The realm of the article is higher and the ideas of the article are further sublimated, which can be said to be the role of "praise". The author "Shu Yu Yan Zi" said: "As the saying goes, in mid-May and June, lying under the north window, a cool breeze came, claiming to be the Western Emperor." What is written here is obviously a reflection of this life.
The writing features of Biography of Mr. Wu Liu are worth mentioning.
China's history books are relatively developed, and biographies also appeared earlier. Historical Records and Hanshu both contain a large number of biographies. But these are historical biographies, which belong to history in essence. Therefore, although they are literary, even called "biographical literature", and have important tailoring and material selection, they always reflect the life stories of characters more comprehensively. The difference between "Biography of Mr. Wu Liu" is that it is a biography of pure literature, not a documentary of characters. Just in a sense, Mr. Wu Liu's biography is the author's "self-condition". If you think this is all about Tao Yuanming, it may not be appropriate. For example, the word "quiet" is worthy of scrutiny. On the secular side, Tao Yuanming is "quiet and indifferent", and the so-called "poor lanes are separated by deep roads, which are quite old cars." But in another life circle, he is neither "quiet" nor "quiet". He and the farmers in the countryside "associate in the music of the market", "greet more when passing through the door, and take wine as a concern", and with like-minded good neighbors, they all "return to their hometown for farming, and they need to miss each other in leisure; Acacia wears clothes, talks and laughs, and is endless. Besides, in real life, he is not so carefree all day. Because he is a "person who wants to do something but can't", his mood can't be completely calm. " "Miscellaneous Poems" written at the age of 50 also said: "The sun and the moon abandon people and cannot win. I was sad to read this, but when I finally found out, I couldn't be quiet. My ambition is not stretched, and the years are wasting away. I am so anxious that I can't sleep all night. Where can I be carefree? His life has been declining. "He is hungry in summer and sleepless in winter. Cocks crow at night and move in the morning. " Sometimes I am driven away by hunger, but I don't know why. Knocking on the door in Sri Lanka, you can't just "relax" when begging. He also wrote poems such as "Talking about Wine", "Ode to Jing Ke" and "Reading the Classics of Mountains and Seas", and wrote poems such as "Dancing with Fields, Keeping Ambitious". His strong feelings about current affairs cannot be expressed in words, which shows that he has not completely passed away, and he has become a citizen of the kingdom of Huaige. Therefore, although Biography of Mr. May 6th is a self-report, it is not a comprehensive documentary, but a kind of creation. It spreads the god of characters without trace. For Tao Yuanming, although it does not conform to all the true records, it can show Tao Yuanming's elegance better than any historical biography. It focuses on depicting a kind of character spirit, which we can even call "Tao Yuanming spirit". This is the author's ideal and heartfelt admiration, the spirit he has tried his best to express in his poems and prose works, and the spirit that the author has been most impressed and influenced for thousands of years. This is the power of art and typicality. Biography of Mr. Wu Liu is the first literary biography in China's literary history, which is the first of its kind. The biography of Mr. Wu Dou, written by Wang Ji at the end of Sui Dynasty and the beginning of Tang Dynasty, inherited it. This is a ...
Secondly, if we are a little more careful, we will find that most of the descriptions of the characters in this article are summative language. From temperament and personality to reading, drinking, living in poverty and writing, it is a general conclusion. It seems that the author is evaluating Mr. Wu Liu. I didn't write specific facts, but each item contains many facts. So concise sentences are rich in content and highly concise. This is a major feature of this article. However, characteristics are not advantages. Depicting characters with summative language can also be dry and easy to become abstract and conceptual. The beauty of this paper is that although the conclusion sentence is used, it is never abstract or conceptual. Every article contains full artistic conception of life; Describe them one by one, which is quite poetic. This is because the conclusion extracted by the author has been fully modal, visual and poetic, showing the author's great ability to summarize and express life. During the Jin Dynasty, the wind of metaphysics prevailed, and talking about metaphysics advocated expressing profound meanings in simple language. At that time, even the characters on the topic paid attention to meaningful words, which we can see in Shi Shuo Xin Yu. What affects the style of writing is concise and clear, and simple words are vivid. Wen Tao's writing style may be related to this trend.
Third, it is not meaningless for the author to write Biography of Mr. Wu Liu, focusing on depicting the spirit of Mr. Wu Liu. It is obviously to celebrate this spirit and this attitude towards life, and it is also obvious that this spirit and attitude are above the world. Therefore, the biography of Mr. Wu Liu is not only a self-report, but also a self-praise. But this approval does not directly resort to words, but exists between the lines. See praise in narration and pride in praise. From a cursory reading, the author just sketched the characters quietly, turned to appreciate them and expressed his pride in them. "Every time I know something, I will gladly forget to eat", "You will always be empty, and Yan Ruyu" and "Forget the gains and losses and die for it". How much praise and self-affirmation these bland and seemingly completely objective statements contain! "There is no huai's people? Ge Shitian's people? " Don't be arrogant. Arrogance is self-evident. This is a very high writing skill, which suppresses passion and keeps flowing. In this way, the pen is full of feelings, more subtle and more touching.
Fourth, the characteristics of writing style are also worthy of attention. Commenting on Tao Yuanming's poems, Zhu said: "Plain comes from nature". So is Wen Tao. His writing style is very simple and practical, he never chooses sound and color, and pays attention to the gorgeous color of words. It is enough to have a willow tree and a house, so there is no green willow yellow wall. In the poem "Returning to the Garden", it is said that "the elm willow is shaded behind the eaves, and the peaches and plums are in Luo tang qian", and only the peaches and willows are taken outside the house, not the pink and green. At this point, the author is very different from Guo Pu before him, Bao Zhao after him and Yan Yanzhi at the same time. His way of expression is pure sketch, which only directly describes the situation and depicts the image in plain language, making people look at things through the glass, without realizing their own language, and directly touch the things, events and feelings in them. The author's writing style is extremely natural, such as clear streams and flowing water, twists and turns with things, such as white clouds floating in the sky, which is very comfortable to read without any difficulty. Yang, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said that Tao Yuanming's works are "deeply rooted in nature". If he used mechanics, he would know that Yuan Ming's poems could not be completed by hard work. Words are good, and if you use mechanics, you will inevitably be affected and naturally impossible. Only by "naturally flowing out of the chest without waiting for arrangement" can we create a natural environment, which is inseparable from "Ren Zhen". But as far as the expression of words is concerned, plain nature is not something you can do. Words must be used to a very mature degree to reach the plain and natural state, so it is the high state of words. This is not to say that only plain and natural articles are good, but that plain and natural is a high word in the garden of literature and art and a wonderful flower with unique charm.
(Selected from Appreciation and Integration of Famous Works of Past Dynasties, China Federation of Literary and Art Circles Publishing Company, 1988 Edition)
V. Qian Zhongshu's Biography of Mr.
In Tao Qian's Biography of Mr. May 6th, the word "no" is an eye. "I don't know who he is or what his last name is", "I don't want to be greedy", "I don't want to be poor", "I don't hesitate to stay or stay" and "I don't care about being poor or rich"; Repeating words and accumulating words is to show that those who are embarrassed have done something wrong. The house's "lack of wine" and "insufficient shelter from the wind" are due to "poor family" and "disdain for impurities" The word "nothing" is called if there is no income, but it means doing something; Laozi said that "when there is nothing, it is useful", and Wang Fuzhi said that "those who say" nothing "are stimulated to say" there is something "and get rid of it" (Volume 63 of Chuanshan's suicide note, the inner part of thinking and asking). For example, "I don't know who I am, and I don't know my last name", and I don't know my name and hometown. How can I write an autobiography? It is exciting to sell fame and praise in the world and get rid of it. In autumn, Lin Yunming's Kuilou Draft, Volume II, Preface to the Analysis of the Significance of China Ancient Literature, was selected: "Tao Jingjie doesn't seek a very good understanding when he studies, and the so-called' very good' loses its original purpose." "Nancun" said: "Appreciate strange writing and analyze doubtful points"; If you don't solve it, what is the meaning? "Stealing the Tao" and "not asking for a very good solution" is the poem "It is difficult to study in the city". Tao's Doubt and Analysis is another example of Du Fu's Spring Day and Li Bai. ..... The book must be carefully analyzed, and sometimes there is no need to ask for advice; In terms of words and chapters, it is often only a cursory view, but for the purpose of textual research, it must be ten eyes and one line. A person's body, the breadth of reading is slightly informal and meticulous, and it is appropriate for the time and the situation.
Tao Qian's "Self-sacrifice": "Life is really hard, and death is nothing!" According to Ji Kang's Biography of Sages and nobles in Volume 52 of the Semantic Edition of the History of the Three Kingdoms, Shang Chang said, "I know that wealth is not as good as poverty, and I don't know how to survive!" "The Biography of Yi People in the Later Han Dynasty" is written as "Xiang Chang". This sentence is written as "I know that being rich is not as good as being poor, and being expensive is not as good as being cheap, but I don't know how to die! "See this volume for Qian Ceng's ode to the Long Bird." All Tang Wen "(Volume 696) and Li Deyu's" The Book of Full Pictures ":"In the past, Duping was called' I know', and Tao Jingjie was also called' It's really hard to live', but now I ask "; As early as the second language. Nine of Yu Xin's "Quasi-Forever": "Don't be extremely poor and thank the rich, be willing to die and envy life! "Zhu Ni's YuZiShan Collection is a poem in the third volume, but its usage is unknown. Qin Guan's "Hai Huai Ji" (Volume 5) created his own "Wan Ci", assuming that he died in a degraded place, leaving behind a desolate and lonely love story. The Chronicle of Hai Huai has been written for three years: "Mr. Wang wrote ten thousand words in Leizhou, and said in his preface,' Bao Zhao and both made eulogies. After reading this chapter, we know that they didn't mourn before. "Believe it, but focus on this" preface ".
(Excerpted from Volume 4 of Pipe Band, Zhonghua Book Company, 1979 edition)