Who put forward the spiritual theory?

China's ancient poetics advocated a kind of poetry creation and criticism, and Yuan Mei advocated it most strongly in Qing Dynasty. It, together with verve theory, mode theory and texture theory, is called one of the four major poetic theories in the early Qing Dynasty. It is generally believed that Yuan Mei's theory of soul is his poetic theory. In fact, it is the inheritance and development of the poetic theory of "expressing one's own spirit and not sticking to one pattern" represented by the public security school in Ming Dynasty (Yuan Hongdao's Preface to a Little Poetry).

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