Seventh grade.
Cicada·The hanging stilt drinks the clear dew
Author: Yu Shinan
The hanging swan drinks the clear dew, and the sound of the flowing water flows out of the sparse tung trees.
It is not to borrow the autumn wind to speak loudly and from a distance.
This is a poem about things written by Yu Shinan, a famous official in the early Tang Dynasty. There is a lot of sustenance in the chanting of things, and it has a strong symbolic character. Each sentence describes the shape, habits and sound of the cicada, while each sentence also hints at the poet's noble and noble conduct and aspirations. The objects and I explain each other. The deeper meaning of chanting things is to chant people. The key is to grasp some unique and specific characteristics of cicadas and find artistic compatibility. Chuiqi refers to the knotted and drooping strap of ancient official hats. It also refers to the thin mouth on the cicada's chin that is similar to the hat strap. The cicada sucks the clear dew with its thin mouth. Due to the semantic pun, it implies that the high-ranking officials in Guanying should abstain from corruption and pursue integrity. The cicada lives on the tall and tall sycamore trees, and is naturally different from the insects that wallow in the mud of rotting grass, so its voice can be clear and loud. The final comment of the poem is that this is entirely due to the cicada's ability to "keep its voice high and far away", rather than relying on external forces such as the autumn wind. The underlying meaning of these poems is that to be an official or a human being, one should stand on high ground and be virtuous, so that one can speak loudly and be famous far and wide. This kind of high and far-reaching power comes entirely from the power of personality and beauty, and cannot be obtained by relying on the wind, or by having power, connections and support. In fact, "Ying Chan" contains Yu Shinan's Taoism as a Confucius. As one of the twenty-four honorable ministers whose portraits were hung in Lingyan Pavilion during the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, he was famous for his erudition, versatility, nobleness and integrity. He discussed with Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty the gains and losses of the emperors in the past dynasties. He was able to speak out and give good advice, and made unique contributions to the rule of Zhenguan. contribute. For this reason, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty said that he had the "five excellences" (virtue, loyalty, erudition, diction, and calligraphy), and praised: "All the ministers are like Yu Shinan, why should the world ignore it!" The fact that an inconspicuous cicada looks like this shows that he is mature, cautious and self-aware.
This little poem with a metaphorical meaning is the earliest cicada poem in the Tang Dynasty, and it is highly praised by later generations. The first sentence, "Hanging down to drink the clear dew," ostensibly describes the cicada's shape and feeding habits. In fact, it uses metaphorical techniques to hint at his prominent status and incorruptible character. There are two tentacles on the head of the cicada, which are shaped like the hatband worn by officials around the neck. The ancients believed that the cicada lives in tall trees and only drinks clean dew, so the word "drinking clear dew" symbolizes the noble character of a person. In fact, cicadas live by sucking the sap of plants. How can they only drink dew? The second sentence "the sound of flowing trees comes out of the sparse trees" describes the sound of cicadas chirping. Why is it said that the continuous chirping of cicadas comes from the sparse sycamore trees? This is because the phoenix tree was a noble and supernatural tree in the minds of the ancients. It is said that birds such as luan and phoenix would not live in the phoenix tree. "When the king appoints the virtuous, the phoenix tree will grow in the east chamber." The poet compares himself with the cicada, so its sound is extraordinary. The word "tong" is preceded by the word "shu", which not only makes people feel that "liuxiang" is easy to spread, but also corresponds to the "autumn wind" in the last sentence. "To speak loudly and stay far away is not to borrow the autumn wind." This is the highlight of the whole article, and it is the discussion triggered by the above two sentences. It means "the cicada lives in a high place, and its sound will naturally spread far. This is not a flying transmission with the help of the autumn wind." Shen Deqian said: "The destiny is high, and the cicada chanter sings his voice every time, which only respects his character." This famous line with an allegorical meaning not only describes the scenery, but also expresses feelings. It is the earliest chant about cicadas in Tang poetry and is highly praised by later generations. Yu Shinan was originally an old minister of the Chen Sui Dynasty. After entering the Tang Dynasty, he was valued by Tang Taizong for his literary talents and virtues. He was upright and arrogant by nature, and did not fit in with the world. He showed an introverted, withdrawn, and deep character. Yu Shinan used cicadas to chant his feelings to show that he stood up. Nobility will become famous without any support. The scenes blend together and appear very harmonious and natural. These two sentences are used metaphorically. The sound of cicadas spread far away is not conveyed by the autumn wind. What is highlighted here is the poet's personality beauty, expressing the poet's passionate praise of his inner character and showing a graceful and unhurried attitude. Style, charm. Readers can imagine the high-standard elegance of Tsinghua University as the personified cicada, which is extremely clever. Just as Cao Pi said in "Dian Lun O Wen", "If you don't be a good minister, you don't rely on the power of speed, and your reputation will be passed on to you later." "To speak loudly and keep oneself far away. Not just to borrow the autumn wind" shows the image of an arrogant, conceited and ambitious scholar-bureaucrat. Shi Puhua's "Xian Maid's Poems" said: "Three Hundred Poems" are more than Xing, and the people of the Tang Dynasty still got their meaning. In the same cicada, Yu Shinan's "loud voice comes from afar, not because of the autumn wind", which is a Tsinghua saying; King Luo Bin "It's hard to fly when the dew is heavy, and it's easy to sink when the wind blows" is a saying of people in need; Li Shangyin's "it's difficult to fill up because of the high altitude, but he hates to make noise in vain" is a saying of people who complain about it, but it's different than Xing. "They are both from the Tang Dynasty, but they are both. The cicadas are entrusted to express their meanings. Due to the different status, circumstances and temperaments of the authors, although they are both dedicated to expressing their feelings, they show different appearances and form an artistic image full of individual characteristics.