The Book of Songs was written in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period. Originally called The Book of Songs. Confucius mentioned this name many times, such as: "The Book of Songs is 300. In a word, it says' thinking without evil' ". "Reciting 300 Poems, teaching them as politics, is unattainable; Make it all-round, not exclusive. Although a lot, what do you think? "
Sima Qian also recorded this name, such as: "Three hundred poems, probably written by sages when they were angry." Because there are 3 1 1 in the handed down version, it is called "300 poems" for the convenience of narration. It was renamed The Book of Songs because Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took The Book of Songs, Li, Yi and Chunqiu as five classics.
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First, "poetry teaching" is carried out systematically according to the characteristics of poetry. Master Zhou Li Chun Guan: "The master is in charge of six laws and six subjects ... and teaches six poems: Yue Feng, Yuefu, Yuebi, Yuexing, Yueya and Yuesong. Take Liu De as the foundation and six laws as the voice. " That is to say, when teaching the poem "Guo Zi", the music officials teach according to the classification characteristics and creative techniques of the poem, paying special attention to the guidance of morality, etiquette and music.
Second, "poetry teaching" is step by step according to age. The Book of Rites says: "There are three years in ten years, learning music, reciting poems and dancing spoons. Become a child, dance Elephant and learn to shoot. " At the age of thirteen, I began to learn music, read the Book of Songs, practice Shao dance, and learn elephant dance when I was older.
After several years of study, a scholar can prepare for six arts and enter the university stage at the age of 20. In The Book of Rites, "Universities must learn from Xiaoya", focusing on the three poems of Luming Literature, Four Jues, Emperor and Emperor, and understanding the way of being an official, the monarch and the minister are one.
Third, "poetry teaching" and "music teaching" are closely combined. According to Zhou Li, Da Le Si taught Guo Zi "Yue De", "Yu Yue" and "wuyue". Among them, the teaching of "Yu Yue" includes "Xing, Dao, Irony, Recitation, Speech and Language". "Irony" and "recitation" require students to recite and create poems, express their feelings with poems and satirize them with poems. "Mozi Meng Gong" said "reciting 300 poems, 300 string poems, 300 song poems and 300 dance poems", and described the situation of learning the Book of Songs in various ways and using it in various ceremonial occasions.