The translation of extracurricular classical Chinese in the second volume of the eighth-grade Chinese Workbook published by the People's Education Press
1. The Story of Su Shi in Xiyu Pavilion
In my second year in Fufeng, Just then he started to build the official residence. He built a pavilion to the north of the main hall, dug a pond to the south to divert water, and planted trees to use it as a resting place. In the spring of this year, it rained wheat in the south of Qishan Mountain. According to divination, it was believed that this year would be a good one. However, it did not rain for a whole month, and the people became worried. On the Yimao day of March, it rained all day, and on the Jiazi day it rained again, but the people thought it was not enough; on the Dingmao day it rained heavily again, and it lasted for three days before it stopped. The officials celebrated together in the courtyard, the merchants sang together in the market, the farmers laughed together in the fields, the sad people were happy, the sick were healed, and my pavilion was just built.
So I raised a glass to the guests in the pavilion and asked them: "'Is it okay if it doesn't rain for five days?' You will answer: 'If it doesn't rain for five days, wheat won't grow." "Is it okay if it doesn't rain for ten days?" You will answer: "If it doesn't rain for ten days, we can't grow rice." Without wheat or rice, the harvest will be poor, there will be many lawsuits, and thieves will be there. Then even if you and I want to have fun in this pavilion, is it possible? Now God does not abandon the people here, and it rains when there is a drought, so that you and I can have fun together in this pavilion. All thanks to the gift of rain! How can we forget this?"
2. Yang Zhu Deliang
When Yang Zhu was doing compilation, he lived in the capital. , one of his neighbors lost a chicken, and he blamed Yang for stealing it. The family told Yang Zhu about this, and Yang Zhu said: My family is not the only one with the surname Yang in the neighborhood. There was another neighbor who lived to the west of their house. Every rainy day, he would discharge the accumulated water in his yard into Yang Zhu's courtyard. The family told Yang Zhu again, but he persuaded his family: There are many sunny days and few rainy days. Such is his virtue.
3. East of Linchuan City - Selected from Zeng Gong's "Mochi Ji"
To the east of Linchuan County City, there is a protruding highland with a stream below. It's called Xincheng. Above the new city, there is a low-lying rectangular pool called Wang Xizhi Mochi. This was described by Xun Bozi, a native of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty, in "Linchuan Ji". Wang Xizhi once admired Zhang Zhi, a calligrapher of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and practiced calligraphy by this pool. The water turned black because of it. This is his legacy. Is this really what happened? When Wang Xizhi did not want to be forced to become an official, he traveled all over the east of Yue, rafted on the East China Sea, and took pleasure in the mountains and waters. Could it be that when he was traveling freely and enjoying the sights, did he ever rest here? Wang Xizhi's calligraphy gradually improved in his later years. It seems that the reason why he has such profound attainments is the result of his hard work, not the result of genius. But no one in later generations could match Wang Xizhi (perhaps because they did not study as hard as Wang Xizhi, right)? It seems like the time spent on studying can be reduced! What's more, what about those who want to achieve high moral achievements?
4. Bian He Weeping Jade
The people of Chu State, Renshi, got a piece of unprocessed jade in Chu Mountain and presented it to King Li. King Li asked the jade worker to identify it, and the jade worker said: "It's a stone." King Li thought He was deceiving, so he cut off his left foot. When King Li died and King Wu came to the throne, He offered his raw jade to King Wu. King Wu asked the jade worker to identify it and said, "It's a stone." King Wu thought He was deceiving and cut off his jade. Right foot. When King Wu died and King Wen ascended the throne, He held his jade and cried loudly under the Chu Mountain. For three days and three nights, his tears dried up and he continued to bleed. After King Wen heard about it, he sent someone to ask him why he was crying, saying: "There are many people in the world who have their feet cut off. Why are you crying so sadly?" He said, "I am not grieving that my feet were cut off. What I grieve about is that. Baoyu is said to be a stone, and a sincere person is said to be "the jade of He clan."
5. The Khan Ming met Chun Shen Jun - selected from "Warring States Policy and Chu Policy IV"
The Khan Ming met Chu Chun Shen Jun, and waited for three months before meeting him. Got the noodles. After the two parties finished talking, Chun Shenjun was very happy.
Khan Ming said to Chun Shenjun: "Have you ever heard of a thousand-mile horse? When the thousand-mile horse becomes an adult, it drives a salt truck up the Taihang Mountains. Its hind hooves are straight, its front knees are bent, and its tail is tucked between Between the two legs, he was panting and sweating. When the car reached the halfway point, he could not move forward no matter how hard he tried. At this time, he happened to meet Bole. He quickly got off the car and stroked the horse's back, feeling so sad for it that he shed tears. With tears in his eyes, he took off his sackcloth and covered the horse. The horse lowered his head forward, puffed out his breath, raised his head, and shouted, his voice rising to the sky, like the sound made by gold and stone. Why? Qianli Ma knew that Bole appreciated it very much.
6. Illustrations of Mingji's Night Class
When I was nine years old, my mother taught me the Book of Rites, the Book of Changes, and Mao's Poems. ", she could recite it. When she had time, she copied poems from Tang and Song poets and taught me to recite ancient poems. Whenever my mother and I were weak and sick, my mother would carry me around the room. She would not sleep; when I got better, she would point to the poems posted on the wall and teach me to recite them in a low voice as a game. When my mother was sick, I would always sit by her pillow and never leave.
My mother looked at me, often without saying a word, and looked very sad. I was also very sadly attached to her. I once asked her: "Mom, are you unhappy?" She said: "Yes." "Then how can I make my mother happy?" She said: "You can recite the book you read to me, and I will I'm happy." So I endorsed the book, and the sound of the book mixed with the sound of boiling potion. My mother smiled and said, "Look, my illness is getting better!" From then on, when my mother was sick, I would take a book and read by her bedside, so that her illness would be better.
7. People are valued in poetry and painting
I once said that poetry, calligraphy and painting become valuable because of people’s moral character. Su Shi and Huang Tingjian’s ink writings have been passed down to this day. One word is worth two taels of gold (the meaning of one word "gold" is unclear, I'm guessing); aren't Zhang Dun, Cai Jing, and Cai Bian's calligraphy well-written, but later generations will regard their handwriting as dirt? Same, worthless. Ouyang Xiu once said that people in ancient times were very good at handwriting, but only the handwriting of honest and virtuous people can be passed down for a long time. Even if the handwriting of Yan Lugong (Yan Zhenqing) is not good, future generations will not be able to write well. When people see him, they will treat his calligraphy as a treasure, not just because of the quality of his calligraphy itself. This is true for poems and articles
8. Tang Zixiyun
Tang Zixi said: "When the poem was first written, I didn't find anything to blame, so I just put it there. After reading it the next day, I found that it was full of errors, so I revised it repeatedly. I read it again after a few days, and I found some flaws, so I made some corrections. Only after doing this several times can I read these sentences. , it can be said that he knows the difficulties and works hard. In my "Continued Poems", I said, "Knowing one level of wrong leads to a level one; there is also gold, which can be cast as soon as it is cast. (Recognizing imperfections will lead to a deeper state; there are also articles that seem to be born with the best quality. With one wave of his hand)"
9. Fan Zhongyan stopped the banquet
When Fan Zhongyan was guarding Pizhou, he led his subordinates to climb the tower to prepare for the banquet. Before he started to raise his glass to drink, he saw several people Ten mourners were preparing burial objects. He immediately sent someone to inquire. It turned out that the scholar who lived here died in Pizhou and was going to be buried in the suburbs, but the coffin and other things were not ready yet. Fan Zhongyan was very sad and immediately The banquet was removed and they received heavy relief so that they could complete the decoration. The guests here sighed and even shed tears.
Ten. The Biography of a Lay Buddhist on June 1st
When the Liuyi layman was first demoted to the mountain village of Chuzhou, he called himself a drunkard. He was old, weak, and sick. He was about to bid farewell to officialdom and go to the shore of Yingshui River to spend his old age, so he changed his name to Liuyi layman.
A guest asked: "Six Day, what is it about?" The layman said: "I have 10,000 volumes of books in my house, which contain a thousand inscriptions from the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. There is a piano, a chess board, and a jug of wine." The guest said, "These are only five ones. How do you say 'six one'?" The layman said, "In addition, I am an old man. , among these five items, isn't this the 'Six One'?" The guest smiled and said, "You are probably a person who wants to escape fame, so you have changed your name many times." The layman said, "I am. I know that I can't escape fame, but I also know that there is no need to escape; I chose this name just to express my pleasure. ”
11. There is a way to raise birds
I have never disliked birds, it’s just that there are ways to raise birds. If you just want to raise birds, why not plant more trees? There are hundreds of trees surrounding the house, with lush branches and fluttering leaves, making it a paradise for birds. Every morning, when you just wake up from sleep and are still tossing and turning in the bed, you can hear the chirping of birds. It was like hearing the playing of music such as "Cloud Gate" and "Xianchi"; when I got up and put on my clothes, washed my face and mouth, and tasted tea, I saw them spreading their colorful wings and flying, flying here and there again. The bird flies away, even the eyes can't see it. The pleasure you enjoy is not comparable to the pleasure of a bird in a cage. Perhaps the pleasure of life is to treat the world as a garden and the river as a pool, and everyone follows their own path. Living freely with one's nature is the greatest happiness.
12. Yitian Ji
Fan Wenzhenggong, a native of Suzhou, is usually willing to use money to help others. , choose to help those who are close but poor, and those who are distant but worthy. When he is noble and prominent, he purchases a thousand acres of fertile land near the city, called "righteous land", to support and support the family. At the beginning, Fan Gong had this wish before he became famous, but he was unable to realize it for twenty years. Later, he became the commander-in-chief of the western border and entered the court to participate in the administration. With the income from the salary reward, he finally realized his ambition. After his death, his descendants continued his career and inherited his ambition, just like when he was alive. Although he had a high status and a lot of salary, he lived his life. He lived a life of poverty. When he died, he didn't even have the money to pay for his funeral, and his descendants didn't have the money to hold a decent funeral for him. He just passed down his morality of helping the poor and supporting his relatives to his sons.