Gui Yuan Tian Ju is a group of poems by Tao Yuanming, a writer in Jin and Song Dynasties (Southern Song Dynasty), with five poems (six for one book). Next is the teaching plan design of "Returning to the Garden (Part I)" which I compiled for you. I hope you like it!
the teaching plan design of Guiyuantianju (Part I) 1
Teaching design ideas
Text analysis
Guiyuantianju is a poem in Unit 3 of Compulsory 2 of senior high school Chinese textbook published by People's Education Press, and it is the first poem written by Tao Yuanming after he retired. Poetry depicts the beauty of rural scenery, the simplicity of rural life, the regret of missing worldly life by mistake, and the joy of returning to nature. However, the language of Tao Yuanming's poetry is simple and plain, and students seem to understand it at first sight. Their understanding of poetry is easy to stay on the surface, and they seem to understand Tao Yuanming's pursuit of life, and even some students will have contempt. Therefore, in order to truly bring students into the poetic realm and truly understand the poet's poetic feelings, it is necessary to design accurate questions.
Emphasis of teaching design
Based on the analysis of the text and the learning situation of Grade One in senior high school, I decided to set the teaching goal to three levels: knowledge goal-to perceive the content of poetry and recite the whole poem; Ability goal-learning the expressive techniques of poetry; Emotional goal-feeling and understanding the poet's pastoral feelings and spiritual character of pursuing freedom and independence. The focus of this lesson is to guide students to understand Tao Yuanming's pastoral hermit feelings and really understand his poems.
3. Overall design of teaching
"A good poem never tires of being read a hundred times". The eternal charm of poetry should be appreciated through repeated recitation. Therefore, the author takes reading as a substitute for teaching in the teaching process, which is divided into four links: initial reading, quality reading, enlightenment reading and aesthetic reading. The first reading of pronunciation is to clear the obstacles in understanding poetry; Reading, starting with the understanding of the topic, will bring students into the beautiful rural scenery. This step requires students to carefully study and describe the relevant poems, and describe this landscape with prose language and reasonable imagination. Understanding reading leads students to understand "why the ordinary rural life picture is so beautiful in Tao Yuanming's works". This step is to let students really understand Tao Yuanming's life interest and feelings of seclusion. Beautiful reading, Tao Yuanming's language is fresh and simple, and his poetry is mellow and long, which can make people feel poetic cultivation and smell the fragrance of the soil. This step is for students to beautify this plain poetry into their own words.
second, the teaching focus
teaching process design
teaching objectives
1. Perceive the content of poetry and recite the whole poem
2. Try to figure out the expression of learning poetry.
3. Feel and understand the poet's pastoral feelings and spiritual character of pursuing freedom and independence
Teaching process:
1. Teaching introduction
In the history of China literature, there was such a poet who was so devoted to farming that even though "the grass was full of beans and seedlings were scarce", his original intention remained unchanged;
plant and love chrysanthemums all your life, and "pick chrysanthemums under the east fence" is natural and comfortable; This man is Tao Yuanming.
Second, the teaching begins
(1) First reading
1. Read the whole poem
Pronunciation all my life, and remember the important words: shade, mulberry tree, warm and distant village, and bird.
2. Read them together.
(2) Reading
1. Interpreting the title. The title of an article, like a person's eyes, can often provide or imply a lot of information to interpret the text. What does the topic "Returning to the Garden" tell us? How should I pause when reading a topic?
the discussion is clear: when reading the topic, you should pause like this and return to/garden/home; It means to return to the countryside and live in the countryside.
2. Since "Garden Field" is the home, what kind of pastoral scenery did the poet paint for us?
(study the poem and describe it in your own words, preferably with reasonable imagination)
The discussion is clear: students show it and teachers comment on it. The students' description really understood the interest of poetry. Since the poet wants to go back to the garden and live a real life of his own, the pastoral scenery in his works naturally has a profound meaning beyond simplicity, fresh, quiet, harmonious and natural. Here, students imagine themselves as poets, see, listen and feel with the eyes of poets, and better understand the artistic conception of poetry and the poet's emotions, which is the basic way to appreciate poetry.
3. How did the poet describe this picture? What technique was used?
The discussion is clear: "Fang Zhai", "Grass House", "Yuliu" and "Taoli" are close-range views, while "Yuanren Village" and "Smoke in the Market" are distant views; The "dog barking" and "chicken crowing" are dynamic, combining far and near, moving and static, and using the method of line drawing, this pastoral scenery map presented is near and far, colorful, peaceful and peaceful, lively and lively, and simple and natural. On the basis of appreciating the beautiful scenery, what is the poet's feeling in the face of such beautiful scenery? (happy, happy)
4. Students recite.
(3) Understanding reading
1. Remind the students that the square houses and grass houses selected by the poet, the crowing of chickens and the barking of dogs are all common things in the countryside, but why are such ordinary rural life scenes so beautiful in Tao Yuanming's works?
group discussion and communication.
Teaching plan design of "Returning to the Garden (Part I)" II
Design guiding ideology
The beauty of Tao poetry is not easily understood by a middle school student of fifteen or six years old; The love of Tao poetry is also difficult to arouse the * * * of young people. His anti-simplicity and his indifference are the return of human nature after the ups and downs of secular elutriation. If you talk about poetry, there is not much difficulty in returning to the pastoral home. Any imposed laurels will only lead to students' dissatisfaction or disdain. Therefore, the study of returning to the pastoral home should not only pay attention to the understanding and sentiment of the poem itself, but also pay attention to excavating the poet's poetic heart from the side. Only in this way can students identify with the poet, and then gain emotional edification and the construction of values.
teaching objectives
1. master key words and understand Tao Yuanming, his people and poems.
2. Experience the language features of plain and strange, and light and tasteful.
3. Experience the disgust of officialdom and the joy of rural life in the poem.
Teaching emphasis
Experience the disgust of officialdom and the joy of rural life in the poems.
Difficulties in teaching
Experience the language features of being plain and strange, and being light and tasteful.
teaching methods: reading aloud, tasting, comparing and exploring
teaching tools: interactive electronic whiteboard, computer
arranging a class hour
teaching steps
connecting with old knowledge and introducing wonderfully
telling a story without bowing over five buckets of rice
looking at pictures, guessing poems, and learning new ones
Whether the students have learned Peach Blossom Garden before. Who is the author? Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden has pleasant scenery and simple folk customs. There is no oppression and everyone is equal. They live a self-sufficient and isolated life. This peach blossom garden full of human warmth is an ideal country in Tao Yuanming's heart. However, this beautiful peach blossom garden does not exist in real life. So, in reality, what is Tao Yuanming's yearning place?
Today, let's go and see what Tao Yuanming yearns for in reality. Lead out the text "Return to the Garden" learned today.
Second, knowing people and discussing the world, the author's brief introduction,
Tao Yuanming: (365-427), with bright characters, said that he was famous for his potential, and his words were profound, and he was from Xunyang, Shanxi (now Jiujiang). Great-grandfather was an official to Fu, and by the time he arrived, his family had declined. When I was a teenager, I had the ambition of "helping the poor". However, Tao didn't become an official until he was 29, and soon he retired. After that, I was hidden and official. At the age of 41, he was a magistrate of Pengze County. After more than 8 days as an official, every time Du You came to the county, the subordinate told him that he should wear a belt to meet him. He sighed: "I can't bend over to the children in the village for five buckets of rice." On the same day, he was dismissed and returned home. From then on, he ended his uncertain life as an official and resolutely took the road of returning to the fields. After his death, his friends privately married "Jingjie", and the world called him "Mr. Jingjie". (Mr. Wuliu)
Tao Yuanming is both a recluse poet and an idyllic poet. His pastoral poetry directly influenced the pastoral poetry school in the Tang Dynasty. The representative writers of the pastoral poetry school in the Tang Dynasty are Wang Wei and Meng Haoran.
They created the integration of pastoral poetry and were called the ancestors of pastoral poetry.
Thought: Confucianism's active thought of using the world
Taoism's passive thought of inaction
The development of the pastoral poetry school of Jin Tao Yuanming
Southern Dynasties Song Xie Lingyun's pastoral poetry school
Tang Wangwei and Meng Haoran's pastoral poetry school
"There are not many poems written by Yuanming, but their poems are qualitative and vivid.
-Su Shi
"A word is natural and timeless, and when luxury is exhausted, it is true and pure"
-Yuan Haowen
"It seems that Tao Yuanming, Du Fu and Su Shi are the three most influential poets in China."
-Zhu Ziqing
Third, grasp the word "Gui", text interpretation
(1), students read the text together, pay attention to the pronunciation
(j Ρ), clumsiness (zhu Υ), mu (m ψ), and shade.
(3) dredge the text and explain key words (combined with after-class notes)
Suitable: adapt to and cater to; Rhyme: temperament, nature; Captive bird: caged bird; Stupid: stupid;
shade: covering; Warm: dim and fuzzy; Yiyi, gently and slowly rising; Market: village nature: it can be understood as both nature and rural life.
(4), problem solving:
1. Tao Yuanming's Gui Yuan Tian Ju Yi * * * has five songs, and here is the first one. The title clearly tells us to return to rural life, so which eye should we focus on when interpreting the poet's feelings? (Gui)
Question: Gui is a poetic eye, and Gui means to return. Where does the author return? Why are you going back? Go back to where? Please read the poem together and think about it. (Interpreting poetry with the word "Gui" as the core)
Think, discuss and clarify: (1) Where to go? (2) Why do you return? (3) Where to go? (4) How about going home?
■ where to go? "dust net" and "cage"
(falling into the dust net by mistake, for thirty years. Long trapped in a cage without freedom, I finally return to the forest today. )
1. What does the poet compare "dust net" with "fan cage"? (officialdom life)
2. What kind of thoughts and feelings did the poet express by comparing "dust net" and "cage" to officialdom life?
(extreme aversion to intrigue and intrigue in officialdom. )
3. How do you understand that "the bird is nostalgic for the old forest, and the fish in the pool misses the source"?
(meaning, characteristics, emotion)
Clearly:
"captive bird" is a caged bird; "pond fish" is the fish in the pond.
Features: Losing their freedom and the most suitable environment for their lives will only be painful. It also implies that the author is like a "captive bird" and a "pond fish" in officialdom, losing his freedom.
It shows that the author is in the official sea, but his heart is pastoral and yearning for freedom.
■ why did you return?
"There is no vulgar rhyme, and nature loves Qiushan." "open up wasteland in the south and return to the garden."
1. What exactly does "adapting to customs" mean in this article?
The poet said that he lacked the temperament and sentiment of socializing in officialdom to adapt to the complicated etiquette restrictions and the power struggle of intrigue in his official career. It shows his noble sentiment of not colluding with others.
2. What kind of thoughts and feelings do "Love Qiushan" and "Obedience" express?
yearning for rural life
3. Since "nature loves hills", why does Tao Yuanming want to be an official? (Life is free to discuss)
Word refining: Being an official is not due to its nature, but a big mistake. "Mistake" not only shows Tao Yuanming's regret and disgust. < P > Being an official is forced by (1) life. (2) When I was a teenager, I had the ambition of "helping the poor".
(Introduction to writing background) In the last years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a fierce power struggle. Tao Yuanming did not want to be the victim of the contradiction struggle of the upper ruling class, nor did he want to be a tool for political careerists to compete. However, his official career life tightly bound him in the trap of political struggle among careerists, so he was very painful. He didn't want to go along with the flow, so he was excluded and isolated. He stuck to poverty and had to choose to leave and retire. "One to thirty years" should actually be "thirteen years". The exaggerated figures show the long time and the deep pain.
In fact, this word "mistake" has been a mistake for many years, but it is not a trap with expectations. After several ups and downs, it hit the wall in the officialdom, and after seeing through the meanness of the officialdom, a mistake made Tao Yuanming's infinite life bitterness. This is the swan song of life after a sudden awakening, and it is the motto of a philosopher after seeing through the world.
Summary: So "returning to the garden field" is to maintain one's spiritual freedom and independence.
■ where to go?
guiyuantian. "Be humble and return to the garden"
"Open up wasteland in the south, be humble and return to the garden." Transitional sentence.
The teaching plan design of "Returning to the Garden (Part I)" III
[Teaching objectives]
1. Understand the life of Tao Yuanming and the basic characteristics of his poems.
2. Learn the artistic technique of blending scenes in poetry.
3. Understand the poet's pastoral feelings and pursue the spiritual character of freedom and independence.
[teaching emphasis]
1. Understand the poet's ideological tendency of hating officialdom, loving the countryside and pursuing freedom.
2. Recite the whole poem.
[Teaching Difficulties]
Learn the artistic technique of blending scenes in poetry.
[Teaching Method] Reading, Discussion and Heuristic
[Teaching Hours ]1 class
[Teaching location] Class 4, Grade 1
[Teaching process]
1. Introducing a new lesson
We learned The Peach Blossom Garden in junior high school. Who can tell us what kind of place it is?
(beautiful scenery, pleasant scenery; Beautiful, hospitable, simple and kind; Life is beautiful, without exploitation or oppression, everyone is equal, everyone works, has ample food and clothing, and is happy and peaceful. )
Thinking: Why did Tao Yuanming create this ideal kingdom?
Clear: Tao Yuanming wants to pin his ideal of praying for stability on this happy paradise. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty where Tao Yuanming lived, the society was dark and the political situation was turbulent. The people lived in dire straits, and they longed for a stable living environment. Peach Blossom Garden was such an ideal residence.
before class, please make two multiple-choice questions. ?
1. There are two paths in life: A? Ten years' hard study in a cold window, to be no.1. ? B? Live a leisurely life without going to college. ?
2. If you enter the society.