Lipper
Chu Ci Ming Yi
The foot of my bed is shining so brightly,
yíshdíshàngshuang
Is there frost already? .
jǐtóu wàng míng Yuè
Looking up, I found it was moonlight.
dítóu süg Xiāng
I sank again and suddenly remembered home.
Brief introduction of the author
Li Bai (70 1-762), born in 70 1, Han nationality, 6' 6 ",born in Taibai, whose real name is Qinglian Jushi, a native of Jiangyou, Sichuan, was a great romantic poet in Tang Dynasty. His poetic style is bold and elegant, with rich imagination, fluent and natural language and harmonious temperament. He is good at absorbing nutrients from folk songs and myths, forming his unique magnificent and gorgeous colors, which is the new peak of active romantic poetry since Qu Yuan. He and Du Fu are also called "Da Du Li", and he is one of the greatest poets in China history, also known as "Poet Fairy". Li Bai's ancestral home is in Longxi (now Ji Cheng Township, Jingning County, Gansu Province) Ji Cheng. At the end of Sui Dynasty, he moved to Broken Leaf City in Central Asia (now near tokmak in northern Kyrgyzstan), where Li Bai was born. At the age of five, his family moved to Zhangming County, Mianzhou (now Jiangyou, Sichuan). At the age of twenty, he left Sichuan alone and began to wander widely, reaching Xiangjiang River in Dongting in the south and wuyue in the east, and living in Anlu (now Anlu City, Hubei Province). He traveled around, hoping to make friends and pay homage to celebrities, so as to get an introduction, climb high in one fell swoop and realize his political ideals and ambitions. However, after ten years of wandering, I have accomplished nothing. Continue to go north to Taiyuan and Chang 'an, east to Qi and Lu, and live in Rencheng, Shandong (now Jining, Shandong). At this time, he has made many celebrities and created a lot of excellent poems, which are famous all over the world. In the early years of Tianbao, on the recommendation of Taoist Wu Renyun, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty called him to Beijing and ordered him to worship the Hanlin. Soon, due to the remorse of the dignitaries, he was driven out of Beijing in Tianbao 34 (AD 744 or 745). Since then, he has been wandering in Jiang and Huai, and his thoughts are extremely boring. In the winter of the 14th year of Tianbao (AD 755), An Lushan rebelled. At this time, he lived in seclusion in Lushan Mountain, which coincided with the great army of Wang Yong and invited Li Bai down the mountain to enter the shogunate. Later, Li Lin rebelled against Su Zong and was eliminated. Li Bai was implicated and sentenced to exile in Yelang (now Guizhou Province). He was pardoned and released halfway from Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) to Xuancheng (now Xuancheng, Anhui). In the first year of Baoying (AD 762), Dai Zong died in dangtu county, Anhui. Li Bai lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He had the progressive ideal of "helping the poor" and "settling down in peace", and he struggled to realize this ideal all his life. A large number of his poems not only reflected the prosperity of that era, but also exposed and criticized the debauchery and corruption of the ruling group, showing the positive spirit of despising the powerful, resisting the traditional bondage and pursuing freedom and ideals. In art, his poems are novel in imagination, strong in emotion, magnificent in artistic conception and fresh and lively in language, forming a bold artistic style and reaching the peak of positive romantic poetry in ancient China. There are more than 900 poems, including Li Taibai's poems. His poems are rich in imagination, unique in conception, magnificent and bold in style, and he is a representative figure of romantic poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Edit this historical biography
The New Tang Book Volume 202 Biography of Li Bai
The grandson of Emperor Shengxing IX. First, at the end of Sui Dynasty, he migrated to the Western Regions to commit crimes, and at the beginning of Long Dynasty, he fled back to Brazil. Bai Zhisheng, the mother dream of Chang Gengxing, was born because of her. Ten-year-old children's uncle, both long and hidden in Minshan. The state has a way and should not. Su Xiang, the governor of Yizhou, saw the difference and said, "I am a genius, and I have not benefited much from learning, which is comparable." However, I like vertical and horizontal skills and fencing, and I value money for Ren Xia. More guests, and Kong, Han Zhun, Pei Zheng, Tao Mian lived in Culai Mountain, drinking and basking in the sun, and the number was "Zhuxi".
Tianbao first entered Nanhuiji, and called with Wu Junshan and Yun, so Bai also went to Chang 'an. When I went to see He, I knew the chapter and saw his article. I sighed, "son, I have fallen into the fairy!" " In his speech, Xuanzong summoned the Golden Throne Hall to talk about the world and give a eulogy. The emperor gave food, relatives served as spoons, and there was a letter to the Hanlin. Jude and the drinkers got drunk in the city. The emperor sat in the pavilion in Shenxiang, feeling something, trying to get a white movement; When I was called, I was drunk, and I mixed water left and right, and a little bit of solution was written on my pen, which was beautiful and meticulous. The emperor liked his talent very much and saw him at several banquets. Taste the emperor for nothing, get drunk before you rest, and make Gao Lishi take off his boots. Luxury goods are always expensive, so I am ashamed. I praise her poems to arouse Yang Guifei, the emperor wants to be an official, and the princess wants to stop. Bai knows that he is not allowed to approach or practice. He, Li, Ruyang, Cui Zongzhi, Zhang Xu and Jiao Sui are also called "Eight Immortals of Wine". The emperor begged for the return of the mountain and returned the gold. White floating around, Pinzhou and Cui Zongzhi came to Jinling from quarrying, sitting on the boat in a palace robe, and no one was watching.
An Lushan rebelled and moved to Songsong and Kuanglu, where Lin served as political assistant. Arise and flee to Pengze, and defeat will be punished. I made a trip to Bing in vain and saw Guo Ziyi. It was amazing. Ziyi tasted breaking the law, and it was useless to save him. Therefore, Ziyi asked the officer to redeem him and had a letter to Yelang. Forgive me, but also find Yang, sitting in prison. Song Ruosi sent three thousand troops to Henan to find Yang, released the prisoner as a staff officer, and resigned soon. Li is a pawn, and Bai Yizhi. Generation, with the left to clean up the legacy, and Bai has passed away, more than 60 years old.
Article 140 of Biography of Old Tang Dynasty, Wen Yuanxia, Biography of Li Bai.
Shandong people. There are few talents, ambitious and ambitious, and have the heart to surpass. My father is from Ren Chengwei because of his family. Confucius, Han Mian, Pei Zheng, Zhang Shuming, Tao Mian and other middle school students are all hiding in Culai Mountain, singing and drinking, and the time number is "Zhu Xi Liu Fu".
When Tianbao was first built, tourists would meet with Taoist Wu Yun and spend their seclusion time. Then Xuanzong called Jun to the capital, recommended it to the DPRK, sent messengers to call him, and waited for Jun to call the Hanlin. Because Bai is a heavy drinker, he drinks as drunk as a fiddler with his drinking buddies in the hotel every day. Xuanzong tried to create new words for Yuefu, and he urgently called Bai, who was already lying in the restaurant. Call in, water the noodles, even if you write a pen, it will be more than ten chapters, which is quite appreciated by the emperor. The smell was intoxicated in the temple, enough for Gao Lishi to take off his boots, so he dismissed it. He is a vagrant and drinks all day. At that time, Cui Zongzhi, an imperial envoy, was demoted to Jinling and sang with Hundred Years Nine. Boating on a moonlit night, quarrying stones and reaching Jinling, wearing a White House robe, I looked around on the boat, smiling proudly, and no one was around.
When He Zhangzhi saw the white, he boasted: "This heaven is also a fairy." Lushan Mountain Rebellion, Xuanzong was lucky for Shu. On the way, Lin was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the Jianghuai military forces and the ambassador of Yangzhou, and he visited Xuanzhou, so he engaged in it. Wang Yong was in chaos, lost, and sat in vain for a long time. Later, he was pardoned, drunk and died drunk in Xuancheng. Twenty volumes of collected works were all the rage.
Li Bai's Biography of Talented Persons in Tang Dynasty
White, the word is too white, Shandong people. Mother's dream is born with Geng Xing and life. When I was ten years old, I passed the Five Classics. I dreamed of writing flowers. I became a genius and became famous all over the world. I like vertical and horizontal, fencing is Ren Xia, and I am generous with my money. There are many guests in the city, and they live in Culai Mountain with Kong, Han Zhun, Pei Zheng, Tao Mian, etc. They drink alcohol every day, hence the name "Zhuxi".
At the beginning of Tianbao, from Shu to Chang 'an, the Tao was unshakable, so I invested in my career. After reading "Difficult Road to Shu", I sighed: "I am also a fairy." It is to solve the problem of scarabs changing wine and appreciate each other all day long. Therefore, I recommended it to Xuanzong, and summoned the Golden Throne Hall to discuss current affairs. Because I sang a song, the emperor was happy, gave him a meal and served himself as a spoon. I wrote a letter to Hanlin. After getting drunk, he went to the grass and asked Gao Lishi to take off his boots. Ashamed, he picked up the story of Feiyan in Qingpingdiao to anger the imperial concubine. Every time the emperor wanted to be an official, the imperial concubine fell in love. Bai Yi Aofang, together with He, Li, Ruyang Wang Fu, Cui Zongzhi, Zhang Xu and Jiao Ai, are called "Eight Immortals of Drinking". Plead to return the mountain, give money, and release it.
White wanders, wants to climb Huashan Mountain, rides drunk and crosses the county seat. The butcher doesn't know and is angry. He leads him to the court and says, "Who are you, how dare you be rude!" Bai said darkly, "The dragon was ordered to wipe the towel, the imperial concubine held the inkstone, and Lux took off his boots. Before the son of heaven, Shang Rong was walking; You can't ride a donkey in Huayin County? " Surprised and ashamed, the butcher thanked him and said, "I didn't know Hanlin was here." Bai Chang went away with a smile. Try to take a boat, and Cui Zongzhi went to Jinling to collect stones, sitting in the palace robe, and there was no one around. Lushan uprising, Ming Taizu in Shu, in the southeast, white, lying in Lushan, as a supplement. Lin rebelled and fled to Pengze for nothing. Lost, tired of Xunyang prison. At the beginning, I made a trip to Bing in vain and was surprised to see Guo Ziyi. I saved him from death. When he arrived, Guo Ziyi asked the officer to redeem him, and he sent a letter to show mercy to Yelang.
The White Night Festival is so yellow and old. We spent a lot of time in Niuzhuji, catching the moon with wine and sinking into the water. At the beginning, I was happy with Xie Jiaqing's castle peak, and now the tomb is here. 20 volumes of collected works, published in the world.
Or cloud: Bai, Liang, Wu Zhaowang, ninth grandson.
Edit this passage in the author's biography.
Li Bai (70 1-762), the word Taibai, was a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty. He wrote many poems praising the motherland, exposing the darkness of society and despising the powerful. His poems have a far-reaching influence on later generations and are called poetic immortals.
Edit the beat of this paragraph.
○ Pingsheng ● Pingsheng ⊙ Keping Keping △ Yunping ▲ The rhyme of this book is: Fuyang; Can "Three Rivers and Seven Suns" pass? The foot of my bed is shining so brightly. Is there frost already? ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○967 ●○⊙○●,○○⊙●△
Edit this paragraph comment.
1. Silent night thinking: thinking caused by silent night.
2. Doubt: doubt and think.
3. Look up: Look up.
Edit the translation of this paragraph.
Sitting on the well bed, watching the bright moon in the sky and the moonlight on the ground like layers of frost.
Looking up at the bright moon in the sky, I can't help but bow my head and meditate, missing my hometown more and more.
The "bed" shines so brightly at the foot of my bed.
Zhijingtai
References:
New classroom composition
Some scholars have written an article to verify. Retired teachers reinterpreted Li Bai's "The Foot of My Bed is So Bright", and Shi Cheng, director of China Educators Association, published the research results in a paper, and also created "Poetic Map of Thinking on a Quiet Night".
Debate on the definition of "bed"
One solution: the bed Li Bai said is not a bed for sleeping, but Mazar, which was called "Hu bed" in ancient times. The doors in the Tang Dynasty were small wooden doors, which were opaque and had small windows. It is impossible for the moon to enter the room, especially after the window is pasted with paper. Therefore, this song "Silent Night Thinking" is actually sitting in the yard, not indoors as everyone always thought. Ma Weidou also used Li Bai's Long March to prove this point. "My hair has just covered my forehead. I am picking flowers and paying money at my door. At this time, you, my lover, are riding a bamboo horse, trotting around and throwing green plums." The little girl sat at the door with a small bench, and the little boy rode a bamboo horse around the girl. "Mother heard this, and the mallet bed flew into a rage."-Peacock Flying Southeast, Han Yuefu, etc. So the "bed" in the article is not a bed for sleeping, but a stool. "There is a big bed in the room, and the little boy is wandering around the little girl very vaguely. This is not Li Bai's original intention."
The second solution: "bed" is the general term for "window"
Three solutions: it is more reasonable to use "bed" as well as well edge and well railing here. The reason for this is the following：
1, China's ancient windows have not been glazed. In order to keep out the wind and cold, people usually cover the windows with a layer of paper. This can be seen in some martial arts films. In the dark night, some Jianghu knights dipped their fingers in saliva and gently poked a hole in enough paper ... Can the moon pass through enough paper and sprinkle a silvery white frosty moonlight on the ground in front of the bed?
2. If the windows are not covered with enough paper, but the ancient windows generally have panes, the moonlight will only leave jagged spots on the ground in front of the bed through such panes, and will not form a large moonlight, which may make the poet "Is there frost already?" Difficult.
If the poet lives in a simple house, the window is open and there is no pane. However, in ancient times, people usually placed beds against the north wall of houses. When a poet lies in bed, he can't see the bright moon, only the roof. Of course, he can't bow his head.
4. If the bed is placed next to the south wall and window. The title of the poem is "Thinking of a Quiet Night", which shows that it should be dead of night at this time, and the moon will reach the zenith. The poet can see the bright moon without looking up when lying in bed; And depending on the angle of the moonlight, it may shine on the bed instead of in front of it.
The poet stays up late at night. Does he light a lamp? If you light a lamp, I'm afraid the moonlight won't be as white as the silver frost in front of the bed.
6. If the poet can't sleep at night, he doesn't light a lamp or lie in bed, but stands at the window and looks out. At this time, if the poet looks up at the moon: first, because the moon has reached noon, I am afraid that the poet can only see the eaves; Secondly, the poet stands at the window and must leave a figure behind him. Is there enough moonlight in front of the bed to make the poet "will it be frosted already?" ?
7. There is a flat open space around the well railing for people to squat and wash clothes and vegetables. The poet can't sleep at night and walks alone in the open space near the moon. At such a well, the poet can easily look up. I found that it was moonlight and sank again, and I suddenly remembered home. The silver moonlight sprinkled on such an open ground naturally made him feel "will it have frosted?" . More importantly, "well" was synonymous with hometown in ancient times. In ancient times, for the convenience of life, people always liked to live around water. There are always residents around the well, so people call it Hahu Well. The alley leading to the well is called the market (Wangfujing in Beijing is named after the well). This can be seen from the ancient characters of Wells. Little people who work by the well are called street people. Children like to play by the well. In Chang Gan, it is natural for a boy to "be you, my love, riding a bamboo horse, trotting around and throwing green plums". Rural people also like to live around the well, men talk by the water, and village women wash clothes and vegetables in the open space around the well (Gujing in the primary school Chinese textbook published by People's Education Publishing House also reflects this situation); On summer nights, under the moon, people also like to enjoy the cool and chat by the well. Well became the place of public activities and the center of information release at that time. Well has gradually become synonymous with hometown and village. Otherwise, the idiom "leaving one's hometown" cannot mean "leaving one's hometown". The poet looked up at the full moon in the sky and looked down at such a well with the cultural connotation of his hometown. Maybe he remembered the lively scene by the old well in his hometown and the joy of playing by the well. I think poets with rich imagination and strong association can easily miss their hometown when they look at the well they can learn from. Look at the bed as bedding for fear that it will remind the poet of his dream, not his hometown.
Four explanations: The original meaning of the bed refuting the above viewpoint is the device for sitting and lying. The Book of Songs, Xiaoya Four Cadres, and Yi Wang Pi's Single Note also include the bed for sleeping. Say, talk about paving the way.
About Tang poetry, many people talk about bed. At least some people in the Tang Dynasty slept in beds. How can they "live on the floor"? For example, in the well-known "Song of Du Fu Caotang's Autumn Wind Breaking", "The cloth has been cold and iron for many years, and the pride is lying empty. There is no dry place in the bedside table, and the feet are numb with rain. Since the funeral, I have had less sleep, and I have been wet for a long night! " ; "Six-foot rattan bed" in Bai Juyi's poem "Little Platform"; "Bai Juyi Bamboo Window" "It's hot as soup in dog days. Only under this bamboo window, I undress behind my back. Thin gauze, a towel and a six-foot bed. No guests are quiet, and the night wind is cold. " ; "Three pieces of Li Bai's Zaqu Sauvignon Blanc" "Embroidery in bed can't be rolled, and it will be fragrant after three years." ; "Li Qiao Bed" "It is said that there is an elephant bed that was once used by kings. Tortoise shell and seven treasures of coral makeup. The osmanthus smoke contains white floating, and the orchid blows agarwood. I would like to bring the night and the autumn moon. " "Three Poems of Bai Juyi's Swallow House" "The moon is frosty in front of the window, and my bed is cold. On the frosty moonlit night in Yanzilou, Qiu Lai is only one person long. " Tang poetry also talks about beds of various colors, such as beds, gums, jade beds, gold beds and turtle beds. There are quilts, tents and pillows, which are used for sleeping. He Yun "The word bed didn't exist at that time"? Let's talk about windows, such as the poem "Bai Juyi Bamboo Window": "In early February this spring, Buju Xinchang. Make a stable in your spare time and camp together first. If you don't paste the paper when you open the window, you won't grow bamboo. Under the north eaves, the window is equivalent to bamboo. " ; "King Robin's Classic" says: "The treasure covers the golden saddle, and the blue window embroiders the jade dragon. Embroidered column title powder wall, Jin Mingyu Wang Housheng. " ; "Four Poems of Du Fu" also said that "the window contains the snow in Xiling, and the boat is moored at the gate of Wan Li, Wu Dong." "Mao Wenxi's screen window hate" has: "In the back garden, look at the flowers, the fragrant wind blows, and embroider the Golden Gate. Looking at the screen window on the moon, I hate Yiyi. " The styles of windows in the Tang Dynasty are large and small, high and low, not just "straight lattice windows on the wall or urn windows set in high places". In fact, Li Bai's poem "The foot of the bed is so bright" is about the moon in front of the bed. There are too many poems about "the bright moon before bed" in Tang poetry. Which can be changed into a well site? Why do people say mine field instead of "bed"? It turned out that they suspected that people in the Tang Dynasty slept without beds. The house built by Bai Juyi in Xinchang has windows almost as high as bamboo. Why can't you "see things in the yard" through the window? This is really ridiculous! There are also many poems about the bright moon shining on the bed in the Tang Dynasty. For example:
Yuan Zhen chun yue
Although the spring moon is bright, there will always be haze. Unlike the colors of autumn and winter, it is cold and ice-cold.
The fiber powder is empty, and the smoke cage is half a bed. The shadows in the dusk, the rest of the rainbow beams.
Yuan Zhen's night leisure
I feel extremely dreamless and my soul is easily shocked. The wind curtain is half hooked, and the autumn moon is full of beds.
Look down at the steps and sit thoughtfully by the tree. Solitary piano in the box, sonic boom broken string.
Wei Zhuang qingpingle
I dreamed that half a bed was leaning against the moon, and the wind in the small window touched the piano.
Since the moonlight can shine on the bed, people lying in bed can certainly see the moon outside. What's so strange about this? It has also been suggested that the bed here refers to the "Hu bed", that is, the chair. According to this statement, the poet is sitting in a chair in the yard watching the bright moon and missing his hometown. "Hu Chuang" was introduced into the Central Plains from the northern minority areas at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, so it was called "Hu". The Sui Dynasty renamed it "crossing the bed" and the Tang Dynasty renamed it "rope bed". Hu Chuang is a foldable portable chair, which consists of eight wooden sticks. The sitting surface is connected with brown rope to make the bed surface, which can be stable when the bed feet are oblique. Hu bed can be folded, which is convenient to take and put. After the Han Dynasty, there were many records about using Hu bed for field investigation and field work, which were widely used after Wei and Jin Dynasties. "Han Yingshao, Customs, Yi Tong, Lost Literature and Magic": "Lingdi likes Khufu, Zhang Hu, Hu Chuang, and the capital fights for it." Song Gu Tao Qing Louis Fang Chen Gate: "Hu Chuangshi closed his foot, put a toilet for him to sit on, and when he turned back, he had to shrink, which was not heavy. According to legend, the Ming emperor was very lucky. He is a minister or waiting for a letter to climb the mountain, but he can't stand still. He wants to rest, so he is very creative. At that time, he was called' Happy Seat'. " Song Cheng Dachang Yan (Volume 14): "At the turn of the century, Lu came to make the name" Hu Chuang ",and Huan Yi dismounted and took the flute to shine on Hu Chuang. Emperor Yangdi once used the name "Hu" and later renamed it "Jiao Chuang". In December of the second year of Changqing, Tang Muzong made a rope bed, also called a rope bed, when he met the ministers in Chenzi Hall. " "Eight Records of Gao Minglian's Zunsheng" records: "The rattan bed is made of rattan, with a backrest on the back and movable legs on the back, which is convenient for height adjustment." "Qing Ruan Kui talks about tea in Ke Hua": "Two pieces of wood are called the apex. On Hu's bed, it's just the top spot. If you think about it carefully, the poet's feeling when sitting in a chair should be "moonlight in front of him, is there frost already?" ! Moreover, the things mentioned by poets in the Tang Dynasty are generally not called "beds" alone, not "Hu beds" or "rope beds". The two concepts of "bed" and "Hu bed" are clearly divided. There are nearly 900 poems about "bed" in the whole Tang poetry, almost all of which are like this. For example:
There is a boat on the pool in the five poems of Bai Juyi's Yongxing.
There is a boat on the pool, and there is a bed in the boat. There is new wine in front of the bed, so you can taste it alone.
Smoked like spring breeze, bright like autumn water.
Li Bai's cursive lines
Ma Ma silk row box, Xuanzhou inkstone color light.
My teacher was drunk, so he leaned on the rope bed and swept thousands of sheets in a short while.
Cui Rong joined the army.
Vaguely, Zhang Shu was fascinated by Hsinchu, as if Hu Chuang had met Sang. When I heard about a hussars in Linhai, I had a chance to find the river by myself.
Wang Wei's Song of Climbing the Building
Scheeren went to the palace, according to Hu Chuangkong.
I'm tired of holding a halberd. I'm so hidden.