Landscape painting, referred to as "landscape", is one of the painting disciplines in China. This is a painting with the theme of depicting the natural scenery of mountains and rivers. It gradually developed during the Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, but it still served as the background of figure painting. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, many independent landscape paintings appeared.
In the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty, it became more and more mature, and the number of authors increased. Since then, it has become a major painting theme of Chinese painting. There are mainly turquoise, resplendent, boneless, light crimson, ink and other forms. In artistic expression, it emphasizes commercial position and artistic conception.
Flower-and-bird painting is one of the traditional painting themes in China. To depict flowers, bamboo stones, birds and animals, insects and fish as the main body of the picture. The simple fish and bird patterns on pottery four or five thousand years ago can be regarded as the earliest flower and bird paintings.
According to Zhang Yanyuan's Records of Famous Paintings in the Tang Dynasty, during the Eastern Yin and Southern Dynasties, flower paintings painted on silks gradually formed an independent painting branch, and some specialized painters appeared. By the Five Dynasties and the Song Dynasty, this branch of painting was more mature. In addition, flower-and-bird painting can be divided into meticulous painting and freehand brushwork.
I. Mei Julanju
Plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum, corresponding to plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum, are also called "four gentlemen". As the most common themes in Chinese painting, plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum have become symbols of China's sense of character and metaphor because people are fascinated by their corresponding aesthetic personality realm of pride, quietness, firmness and lightness.
Wang Mian's paintings and poems are well written. The inscription poem wrote: "My home is the first tree in the West Wild Goose Lake, with flowers blooming and falling with light ink marks. Don't boast of lewdness, just leave a breath and do it all. " It was regarded as an inscription for painting ink plum by later generations. Zheng Sixiao (1241-1318), a native of Lianjiang (now Fujian), lived in seclusion in Pingjiang after the Song Dynasty. Good at painting cymbidium, painting cymbidium roots without soil, in order to send thoughts of the old country.
Ber Ber traveled all over the southeast mountain forest, sent an envoy to cross his toes (now Vietnam) and went deep into the bamboo village to observe the growth of all kinds of bamboo. He is a painter with profound traditional knowledge and pays attention to learning from nature. The theme of this painting is still pruning bamboo and tree stones. The trimmed bamboo is delicate and smooth, the stacked stones are strangely shaped, the excavated branches are dry and old, mixed with orchids and weeds, and * * * constructs an elegant and lively artistic conception of this picture.
Lv Ji's masterpiece of flower and bird painting. Imagine a laurel tree, full of flowers and leaves, full of business. There is a Taihu stone in front of and behind the osmanthus tree, and chrysanthemums of various colors are planted around the Taihu stone, which is a typical meticulous painting method.
Second, all kinds of flowers
Peony, lotus, wisteria, apricot ... Peony is graceful and generous, and it is a rich person among flowers. Expensive but not proud, gorgeous but not vulgar, flattering but not flattering, belonging to auspicious paintings. In this painting, there are two peony branches, which echo up and down, and a strange stone stands in the middle. Light ink double hook peony, light color rendering, bright lines and neat brushwork.
Lotus, which symbolizes harmony, harmony and beauty, has noble moral character and can make people feel calm and clear when they are free. Xie Xun, who is good at flowers and landscapes, is one of the "Eight Families in Jinling". This picture is a sketch of a frame of meticulous colored flowers, outlining blooming and dyeing, with profound skill and quiet and calm picture, which makes the viewer calm and suddenly enlightened.
Wisteria means that purple gas comes from the east. This picture depicts a tall and straight pine tree with wisteria wrapped around it. Beside the rocks of Matsushita Lake, all kinds of peonies are in full bloom, bright and moving.
Apricot flower is the February flower among the twelve traditional flowers in China. In his poem "Apricot Blossoms on the North Slope", Wang Anshi also gave a very high evaluation of apricot flowers, comparing the fallen apricot flowers to flying snow, and sighed with emotion: "A wave of spring water surrounds the flowers, and the shadows of flowers are enchanting and occupy spring.
It is better to be blown into snow by the spring breeze than to be crushed into dust by Nanmo. "Zhao Changze used a very realistic technique to draw the outline of apricot flowers vividly and hierarchically, making them crystal clear, elegant and smart.