First, the clever use of scene contrast techniques.
Of course, this contrast does not mean the first understanding mentioned above: Liu Yi Yi is an artistic effect of "writing mourning with joy", and Rain Belt is an artistic effect of "multiplying its sorrow with sorrow and mourning Syaraku". Instead, I use the joy of "willow trees in the shade" to set off the sadness of staying away from home. This is the beginning of the sadness of the garrison.
The joy that should have been enjoyed when I went home was replaced by the anxiety of "Now, I am close to my village, I dare not ask anyone when I meet someone" (Don Crossing the Han River), which was born because I left home for a long time. In addition, the experience of going home with "walking slowly, thirsty and hungry" and the impact of the natural scenery of "rain and snow" on the inner feelings of the protagonist have produced the sadness of "I am sad, but I don't know I am sad", which is also a contrast to the "joy" that should have existed.
This contrast between reality and human nature has a greater impact on the lyric hero's heart, especially in the effect of "increasing his sadness and rejoicing". The original meaning of lyric in the poem "Picking Wei" is to express the inner feelings of soldiers who have been observing and worrying for a long time, which can be summarized as "mourning" in one word, and mourning runs through the whole poem.
The loss of life, the disappearance of life and the denial of the value of life by the war in the context changes of "today" and "past", "coming" and "going", "rain and snow" and "willow" make Picking Wei a peerless literary sentiment, which lasts for a long time and is always new. Otherwise, only in the first five chapters, poetry becomes a simple memory of past war life and an ordinary homesickness, and the shocking power of poetry art is impossible to talk about.
As Yu Run said in the Primitive Book of Songs in Qing Dynasty: "Otherwise, why bother if Kay has a good time?" And pointed out that this poem is "far-reaching, beyond words." The "profound meaning" he said is precisely here!
Second, the aesthetic level of image capture is high.
"The three stages of human aesthetic psychology can be summarized as feeling, image and realm. The aesthetic experience of human beings begins with "feeling", which is second to "image" and ends with "environment" (Xue Fuxing's Sense, Image and Environment-On the Three Stages and Times of Aesthetic Feeling, Journal of Yantai University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), June 2005, 5438+ 10).
The first five chapters of the poem "Picking Wei" are all emotional pens. Inspired by picking Wei, they write a long-lost homesickness; The last chapter, with only 32 words, uses two typical images: "willow is crying" and "rain is raining" to create a perfect realm of scene blending, showing profound aesthetic significance.
In the field of writing, image is generally interpreted as the perceptual image of objective things in the concept formed on the basis of perception and permeated with the subjective feelings of the creative subject. "The past is gone, and there is another village", and we are about to start a life of "not having enough food and clothing". The desolation of the protagonist's mood is naturally unspeakable. Although the "willow" in "Yi Yi" represents a gentle homesickness, "it is good to stay at home for a thousand days, but it is difficult to go out for a while", and happiness soon passed. This poem "Willow" also witnessed the sad parting of the lyric hero, and entrusted the hero's homesickness and the endless sadness of meeting relatives.
The scene of the object and the emotion of the subject complement each other, setting off a miserable picture far away from home. The image of "willow" with the connotation of attachment and parting became a proper term to describe parting in later works, and developed into the custom of "breaking the willow to bid farewell" in the Tang Dynasty. I want to come today, it's raining and snowing. This untimely rain and snow replaced the joy that the hero should have when he was about to return to his hometown, and reflected his sadness about the impermanence of life and his feelings about things being different when he recalled his life when he returned home. This melancholy mood of "wanting to talk about rest" and "wanting to stop" made him walk slowly, thirsty and hungry.
I feel sad in my heart. I don't know that I am sad. "Long road, painful suffering, endless sadness in my heart. It's a long way to go, Xiu Yuan, and sorrow will continue. Who can understand this endless sadness? The whole poem is full of sentimental feelings about life and the true feelings brewed by the painful life of border guards. It spread to the willow tree in Yiyi, condensed in the falling snowflakes, and permeated in the long journey of life.
Environment is born of images, and the combination of images produces artistic conception. Wang Guowei said: "Those who can describe the scenery and the true feelings are called the realm." Realm is also called artistic conception. The last chapter of "Picking Wei" is a blend of scenes and feelings, and it creates a perfect aesthetic mood. Take care of the picture of life, appreciate the sadness of life and learn the nutrients of art.
This kind of artistic conception makes people feel not only the pain of homesickness, but also the nostalgia and care for life itself, the sublimation and sadness of cosmic life. This is the basis for "picking EU" to become "peerless literary talent" and to be "always new"!
Third, the comprehensive use of language skills.
Poetry is the art of language, and vivid artistic language can stimulate readers' association and imagination and enter the concrete and sensible image world. The language used in the last chapter of Cai Wei is wonderful and vivid, which is also an important factor to infect readers.
Poetry uses exquisite expression techniques to unify the scenery of different time and space in one picture. The scenery is "willow yiyi" and "rain and snow"; Narration is "walking slowly" and "with thirst and hunger"; Love is "I am sad, but I don't know I am sad". Frankly speaking, it is natural and appropriate to understand it. Natural scenery, life events and life feelings flow naturally like streams in the poem, causing readers to sing in their hearts.
Use the method of comparison. The "past and present" of time series, "Yang Liuxue" of phenology and "coming and going" of life are spliced and merged to create a typical picture beyond reality. Just four poems, seemingly dull and eloquent, are full of strong artistic appeal. The same "I" is different from the past and the present, but the same road is different from "Liu Yi Yi" and "rain and snow", and all this is generated in the life changes of "going" and "coming".
Liu Xie has a cloud: "Love is led by things, and words are sent by feelings. A leaf welcomes guests, and the sound of insects is enough to attract the heart. " (Wen Xin Diao Long Search) Poetry contains deep feelings about life in comparison, which brings us to a higher aesthetic realm and experiences the meaning of life. This expression, which embodies the changes of time and space in different scenes from ancient times to modern times, has been widely pursued by later generations. Cao Zhi said, "It was a severe frost knot at first, but now it is the Millennium". "I moved to Zhu Hua that year, and I hope it will be; Today, I am spinning and the snow is dancing. " Du Fu: "When they set out, the mayor wrapped them in headscarves. Now the headscarves are white and they are still at the border."
Concise and vivid language is an important factor in the artistic conception of the last chapter of Picking Wei. "Yiyi" is weak in Liu Suifeng's breeze. "It's raining" is like falling snow. "Delay" means a long road and inner sadness. These expressive words create a concrete and sensible picture and give readers a kind feeling.
"Willow" is very attractive to "rain and snow" and "Yiyi" to "rain", and the past and present material state and human feelings are clearly shown in this couple. Later generations not only used "Yi Yi" and "Fei Fei" to describe Liu Yu-yu, but also further expanded its expression scope, such as "Peacock flies southeast": "Easy to lift a finger, love is the same as Yi Yi Yi"; The first song of Tao Yuanming's "Return to the Garden": "A warm and distant village, the smoke from the kitchen in Yiyi market"; Qu Yuan's "Nine Chapters Involved in the River": "The snow is boundless, and the clouds fall on the universe"; Du Fu's "Looking at the Temple": "Clouds are heavy and waves are light."
Go home after the war
Author anonymous? pre-Qin period
Pea seedlings have been picked again, and wild peas have just emerged from the ground. I said I would go home, but it didn't come true by the end of the year. A lonely room is a lonely home, so it is a ghost. This is a reason not to live in a prosperous area.
The pea seedlings have been picked again, and the wild peas are very tender. Said he went home, and he was depressed. Anxiety is burning, and hunger is unbearable. The location of the garrison cannot be fixed, and it is impossible to take the letter home.
Bean sprouts are picked again, and the stems and leaves of wild peas are getting old. He said that he went home and went home again in October. But the king's errand is not finished yet, and I have no leisure to enjoy this quiet and good time. Worried and guilty, I can't do it.
What flowers are in full bloom? It's Tang Dihua. What kind of car is it? General among generals, of course. The troop ship started, and four horses were tall and big. How dare you live safely? Because of a month of fighting!
Riding four horses, four horses are tall and strong. The generals sat in the car and the soldiers were under its protection. Four horses were trained, with bows and shark sacs decorated with Gu Xiang. If you don't quit that day, there will be pits and thorns.
Recalling the original exploration, the wind in Yang Liuyi was blowing in the wind; Now back on the road, snowflakes are flying everywhere. The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and people are thirsty and hungry. The road is muddy, hungry and thirsty. Full of sadness, full of sadness, who experienced my sadness!
translate
The bean sprouts were picked again and again, and Osmunda japonica just came out of the ground. I said I went home, but it hasn't come true by the end of the year. No wife, no home, everything is to fight with you.
There is no time to live and rest, all to fight with you. The bean sprouts are picked and picked, and the Osmunda japonica is tender. How depressed I was when I said I was home. It's unbearable to be worried, hungry and thirsty. The location of the garrison cannot be fixed, so people can't take letters home. Picking bean seedlings again and again, the stems and leaves of Osmunda japonica are aging.
Say go home, go home, October is already spring. There is no end to conscription, and you can't settle down for a moment. My heart hurts so much that I can't go home now. What flowers are in full bloom? It's Tang Dihua.
Whose car is that passing by? The general rides, of course. The chariot has been driven, and four male horses are tall and big. Who dares to live safely? Because there have been many battles in a month! Driving four stallions, four horses are tall and strong. The generals sat in the car, and the soldiers hid themselves by it.
Four horses have been trained very skillfully, as well as a bow decorated with elephant bones and a shark skin quiver. How can you not be on guard every day? It's urgent and difficult.
Looking back at the original expedition, Yang Liu Yiyi blew with the wind. Now on the way back, the snow is flying all over the sky. The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and I am really tired because I am hungry and thirsty. Full of sadness, full of sadness, who knows my sadness!
Extended data:
Cai Wei's Creative Background
Judging from the content of Xiaoya Cai Wei, it was written in the Western Zhou Dynasty, when soldiers were defending their duties and returning their labor. As for the specific creation date of this poem, there are three versions. First, "Preface to Mao Shi": "Picking Wei" was also stationed in the army. During the reign of King Wen, there was a plague of Kunyi in the west and an armadillo in the north. On the orders of the son of heaven, he was ordered to send a garrison to China. So I sent away the song "Picking Wei". "On orders from the King of Yin, Xibo ordered his subordinates to be generals, led the garrison to guard the rebellion in Xirong and the north, and sang" Cai Wei "and sent them away. "
It can be seen that picking Wei is a current event. The circumstantial evidence is Yi Xu: "Li, west of Kunyi, north of Armadillo." Zeng noted: "The same is true of Preface to Poems of Picking Wei." Second, there are Qi poems, Lu poems and Han poems in the Han Dynasty. Different from Mao's poems, the three schools think that picking Wei is a current event, and the circumstantial evidence is The Story of Xiongnu in Hanshu: "During the Zhou Yiwang Dynasty, Rong Di invaded China and dominated the country, and China suffered greatly.
At the beginning, the poet sang when he was ill and said,' This is why the room is crowded and the home is crowded.' I don't want to quit every day, so I'm going to die. According to the textual research on bronze inscriptions, Wang Guowei thinks that "picking the EU" and "driving the car" are the same as current events in Syria. "Judging from the bronze inscriptions unearthed in modern times, all those who remember the embarrassing events declare the era of kings and tools" (Selected Notes on China's Literary Works edited by Yuan Xingpei)