Firstly, the delicate, vivid, refined and beautiful language in Moonlight on the Lotus Pond is analyzed and pondered, and the appropriate and vivid figurative expression effect and other rhetorical devices are realized.
Second, master the writing method of "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond" to describe scenery and blend scenes, and understand the author's mood at that time in combination with the social background at that time.
Third, through learning, I can experience the charm of moonlight in the lotus pond.
Teaching focus:
1, try to figure out the meaning and expression effect of delicate and distinctive words, and understand the author's thoughts and feelings.
2. Analyze the structure of the article and describe the scene level.
Teaching difficulties:
1, through the analysis of the text, find out two clues in the work: one bright and one dark.
2. The role of the custom of picking lotus in Jiangnan.
Thinking before class:
1. Read the text carefully, analyze the structure of the article, and try to divide the article into sections.
Try to analyze what clues the author used to organize this article.
Teaching process:
The first class:
First, introduce the new course:
We learned Zhou Dunyi's "Ailian Theory" in junior high school. The lotus in the author's eyes is noble, simple and solemn. We can learn from these two sentences: "Out of the mud but not stained" and "Clear ripple without demon". I wonder what the lotus is like in the eyes of my classmates? Have you ever enjoyed the lotus flowers in the moonlight? Do you feel that the lotus leaves in the moonlight are like a group of dancers, the lotus flowers are like pearls, like stars, and like beautiful women who have just come out of the bath?
Today, we will study Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, appreciate the lotus pond in the moonlight and understand the author's mood at that time. Let's see if the author's description of the lotus pond reflects the sentiment of spotless and totally clean in Ailian.
Second, solve the problem.
The Lotus Pond refers to the Lotus Pond in Tsinghua Campus of Tsinghua University, Beijing, where Mr. Zhu Ziqing taught at that time, which is the specific location to be described in this paper. Night, and then point out the time, is a night with the moon.
Third, the writing background
In his youth, Zhu Ziqing participated in the May 4th Movement, longing for the October Revolution in Russia, and later devoted himself to the struggle against the northern warlords. 1927, Chiang Kai-shek defected to the revolution, and the China revolution was at a low ebb. The fascist atrocities of Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Ching-wei aroused the resistance of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people and revolutionary people, and at the same time aroused the dissatisfaction and condemnation of some upright intellectuals. Zhu Ziqing is a writer with a sense of justice. He was dissatisfied with the bloody slaughter of the reactionaries, but due to class restrictions, he didn't have the courage to face up to the bloody reality, so he could only express his dissatisfaction and resistance in a negative attitude and wrote this article.
Fourth, text interpretation.
Through preview, can students divide the text into levels? Can you tell the reason for the split?
The full text is divided into three parts:
The first part (1): Reasons for strolling the lotus pond on a moonlit night.
Part 2 (2~6): The moonlight in the lotus pond is quiet and charming.
Part III (7~8): The beautiful moonlight in the lotus pond evokes homesickness.
Analyze the text: In the process of analysis, students pay attention to finding out the clues of the author's writing.
The first part (1)
1, what is the reason for "quite restless"? Are there any contradictions at home?
1927 after the failure of the great revolution, the author faced the dark reality and hoped to resist, but he didn't have the courage to face up to the bloody reality and hoped to get rid of the contradictions that he could not get rid of.
There is no contradiction at home. "My wife is patting her son in the room, humming a sleepy song." Here, obviously, the children are humming peacefully, and everything is quiet and warm. In the "take the door out", there is a "belt" that gently covers the door from behind, moving softly and casually to keep the environment quiet. If there is a contradiction, the door will not be closed so lightly, which reflects the author's concern for his family.
2. In the second sentence, we can see that the author wants to vent his repressed emotions and calm his mood. The author thought of the lotus pond, paving the way for the next trip to the lotus pond.
3. "The moon rises gradually, and the children's laughter on the road outside the wall is no longer audible; The two sentences "My wife is patting Leap and humming a sleepy song in the room" and "My wife is patting Leap and humming a sleepy song in the room" reflect the tranquility of the environment and the author's "considerable anxiety", which urges the author to obtain peace of mind with the help of the quiet environment.
Summing up the overlap of "day after day, drifting away, in a daze, quietly" produces a rhythmic beauty. In the extension of pronunciation, meaning and emotion are endless and memorable.
There is a sentence in this paragraph that is the crowning touch of the full text. Meaning: "Yan Wen" is the crowning touch to reveal the theme of the full text, the key clue to organize the prose structure and the focus of the prose artistic conception.
Which sentence is the eye of the full text? I'm very upset these days.
The second part (2 ~ 6) moonlight in the lotus pond (the main body of the article)
What clues did you use to write this part? Try to tidy up.
On the Road (Section 2-3)-Lotus Pond in Moonlight (Section 4)-Moonlight in Lotus Pond (Section 5)-Around Lotus Pond (Section 6)
The second paragraph
What are the characteristics of the 1. path? What skills does the author use to describe the path in this paragraph?
Twists and turns, seclusion, many trees and loneliness are the characteristics of the path, which constitute an important condition for seclusion, and seclusion leads to loneliness.
The author uses the method of contrast to describe it. Comparison between daytime (few people walk) and night (relatively lonely); There is no contrast between moonlight (gloomy) and light moonlight (good).
2. Why does the author use contrast to set off the path under the moon? The author said, "this path is rarely walked, and there are many trees, which looks gloomy. It will be fine when there is a moon at night." Isn't that enough?
This is related to the artistic expression of prose. In contrast, the author was quieter and lonelier that night. In contrast, the last two sentences show the special atmosphere and mood in a special environment. "Pale Moonlight" has a hazy feeling, which dispels the gloomy and cold atmosphere in the past and better reflects the author's mood at that time.
3. What overlapping words did the author use when describing the scenery? What is the hue of this scene? What kind of mood is revealed?
Lush and gloomy; A vague feeling; The author didn't highlight his faint sadness with warm and passionate colors here.
The third paragraph, the author's feelings about going to the lotus pond.
1. If the word "stroll" is replaced by the word "walk", what is the difference in expression effect?
Thinking and feeling in my heart, walking slowly, unhurriedly, walking slowly and methodically, "walking" can better reflect the following "heaven and earth seem to be mine" The author is enjoying this free world, and in his leisure and detachment, three kinds of faint sadness are looming. If you change it to the word "go", you will lack the charm of scene fusion.
2. What is the "normal self" in context? What is it like now?
Ordinary self is depressed, hesitant, trying to escape, and difficult to escape; As you can see from below, we are free men now.
From now on, the author has changed. Which sentence in this paragraph can best reflect that the author's mood has changed and he has been temporarily relieved?
"No matter what you do or say during the day, you can ignore it now."
Here, with the help of quiet paths and quiet pond banks, the author began to eliminate boredom and hesitation. The moonlight is faint and unique, as if entering "another world". In this world, "you can think of everything and nothing." The author became a "free man".
Is the author really a "free man"?
What the author writes here is far from reality. It should be said that this is what the author desires in his heart, but it can't be realized in reality. The more detached he is from freedom, the more he shows the author's anguish in reality. In reality, the author is not a free man.
4. "This is the beauty of loneliness" and the above sentence "I love excitement and peace; Love to live in groups and love to be alone. " In Love Alone.
5. "This is the beauty of being alone, and I will enjoy the boundless moonlight with lotus fragrance." How do the words "beauty" and "benefit" express the author's mood change?
From faint sadness to faint joy, the author's mood began to melt into the lotus pond.
Summarizing this passage, the author's mood began to get rid of, from faint sadness to faint joy.
The fourth quarter lotus pond in the moonlight
1, "Wang Mi"-full of vision and eyes. "Tian Tian"-many, endless.
2. In the second sentence, a metaphor is used, the skirt of a dancer. Similar to the natural stretching of leaves, this metaphor is multilateral, that is, it not only expresses the nobility of lotus, but also conveys the charm of lotus, such as elegance, holiness, elegance, agility and preciseness, which makes the leaves dynamic, makes people feel immersive and makes the characteristics of things more vivid and concrete.
Which word does Tingting correspond to?
Respond to "high", because the leaves are high above the water, and you can clearly see how the leaves stretch, and the author will think of the dancer's skirt.
3, "layer"-high and low order.
4. What rhetorical device is used in this sentence "Some white flowers are scattered among layers of leaves, some bloom gracefully and some bloom shyly"?
Personification; The application of personification can respond to the "dancer" above, with lotus stems like dancers, leaves like dancers' skirts and flowers like dancers' faces, thus vividly showing the image of the whole dancer.
5. "Like a pearl, like a star in the blue sky, like a beauty who just took a bath" is a metaphor. Why compare the lotus flower to a pearl, a star in the blue sky, and a beauty who just came out of the bath?
The lotus under the moon is white and bright, showing a "sporadic embellishment" shape, similar to "bright" beads; White flowers "embellish" among "layers of leaves" and flicker faintly in the green bushes, similar to "stars" in Blue Sky; Lotus is graceful and shy, white and bright, and its expression and color are similar to those of a beautiful woman who just took a bath.
! The author described the beauty of the lotus pond through leaves and flowers. Let's appreciate the dynamic beauty of the lotus pond.
6. I understand that "the breeze has passed, and the fragrance is sent, which is like singing a song on the high floor." This sentence compares "Xiang" to "a faint song on the far floor" How many senses does the author use here?
The fragrance is the sense of smell, and the faint singing in the distant high-rise building is the sense of hearing. The song is soft and ethereal, and the lotus fragrance is intermittent. There are similarities between these two feelings. Turning the smell into the auditory feeling and tasting makes people have another concrete image of the smell, which changes the angle of appreciation and causes the transfer of feelings.
This feeling transcends its own limitations and understands the impression belonging to another feeling, that is, the method of transforming one sensible image into another, which we call "synaesthesia". So the author of this sentence also uses synaesthesia rhetoric.
7. "At this time, the leaves and flowers also trembled slightly, like lightning, passing through the other side of the lotus pond in an instant." The words "thriller, lightning, flashing and crossing" vividly and skillfully describe the overall shape of the lotus pond, which is often ignored by people. This is the subtlety of the author's careful observation and diction.
8. "Clear wave marks" give people a feeling of traces left by ship navigation, which is vividly expressed by the author.
9. How to understand "flowing water"?
Here, water is described as silent, as if it contains deep feelings and shows the quiet beauty of flowing water.
"Leaves are more exposed to the wind" because the quiet running water reflects the graceful posture of leaves in motion.
The summary reflects the beauty of the lotus pond from the perspectives of morphology, dynamics and static.
Homework: 1, analyze the changes of the author's feelings in paragraphs 5 ~ 8.
2. Analyze the function of the old customs in Jiangnan written by the author in paragraphs 7 ~ 8.
The second class:
The fifth paragraph lotus pond moonlight
The three verbs in this paragraph are very vivid, which makes everything full of movement. "diarrhea", "floating" and "washing"
1. The first sentence says that moonlight falls on leaves and flowers. Can you change "falling" to "shining"?
The words "moonlight is like running water" are written right in front of your eyes. When you see the word "Zhao", you won't think of running water, but the word "Xie" evokes people's imagination of running water, skillfully writes the gentle modality of moonlight flowing, turning static into dynamic, with top-down movement and three-dimensional sense, and a kind of static beauty of power. The word "photo" can't show this effect, only plain and boring.
2. If "gone with the wind" is replaced by "gone with the wind", what is the difference in expression effect?
"Floating" describes the layering and movement of green fog and branches and leaves, which are both close to each other and at arm's length. It can also describe the gentle and implicit state of green fog, which seems to be moving like static. Gone with the Wind echoes Thin, but gone with the wind is scattered and easy to escape. Although it is gentle, it has no subtle and quiet beauty, and the reason why "fog" is "green" is because it is close to the field and has dense leaves, so it does not feel "green" when it is high and far away.
3. "Leaves and flowers seem to have been washed in milk; Also like "milk" and "yarn in a dream" in "yarn in a dream", it responds to the faint moonlight in the second paragraph, casts hazy poetry on leaves and flowers, and also shows the author's faint joy. With "washing", we can naturally associate the faint moonlight of leaves and flowers with the thin mist, and the thin mist has also become "milk" and "gauze"
4. "Although it is a full moon, there are faint clouds in the sky, so it can't shine; But I think this is just a benefit-deep sleep is indispensable, and a nap has a different flavor. " This sentence once again emphasizes the faint moonlight, and everything seems hazy. The author says "it's just a benefit" because this kind of scenery conforms to the author's faint joy.
The following is a description of moonlight passing through trees.
Shrubbery-mottled shadow willow-sparse and beautiful image
Here, moonlight is described by contrast.
6. The "painting" in "Like Painting on the Lotus Leaf" shows that the shadows scattered by trees are just right, like the handwriting of famous artists, and it is easier for readers to associate and imagine the poetry of the moonlight in the lotus pond.
6. What rhetoric was used in the last sentence? Why does the author have such an association?
Metaphor and synaesthesia (visual and auditory summoning) are used. It is written that although the light and shadow are uneven, they cross each other, such as the high and low notes in famous songs. But harmony is like a famous song, light and shadow are integrated, the lotus pond moonlight is integrated, artistic conception and scenery are integrated, the whole world is integrated, like a dream, and everything is integrated into a famous song. What the author reveals in his heart is still faint joy.
The author describes the moonlight in the lotus pond from the front and side.
In the sixth paragraph, the author looks around the lotus pond from the inside.
1, "Far and near are trees" and "All around are trees", indicating that there are many trees and layers, which is in line with the previous "seclusion".
2. The author writes about trees from their colors, postures and distant mountains on the treetops. Although he wrote a hazy artistic beauty, here he began to vaguely express dark and gloomy colors. We can see from these words, "cloudy", "smoky" and "vaguely".
3. In the last two sentences, from "one or two lights, listless" to "sleepy eyes", the author skillfully reduced the description of the scene to a description of people. The author was immersed in silence, but now the lively cicadas and frogs broke the quiet environment around him, and their voices disturbed the lotus pond and the author's transcendental and quiet realm, which made the author break away from the "other world" and no longer a "free man", but returned to loneliness, and finally sighed that "the excitement is theirs and I have nothing". We can see here that the author's mood has changed from light joy to light sadness.
4. What is the function of the word "leakage" used in this article?
Use moonlight and lights to contrast the gloom around and express the author's mood at that time.
Summary From this paragraph on, the author's mood has changed again, from light happiness to light sadness.
The second part focuses on the beautiful scenery of moonlight in the lotus pond. There are sketches, detailed descriptions, renderings, foil, flexibility and order. In particular, the use of language is accurate, vivid and charming, revealing the author's subtle joy and sadness.
The third part (7 ~ 8) homesickness caused by the old customs in the south of the Yangtze River.
1. Why did the author "suddenly think of picking lotus"?
Quite restless. On the dreamlike shore of the lotus pond, the mood has not been exhausted. The author felt moved by that scene and remembered the scene of picking lotus in Jiangnan, so he wanted to get rid of it through longing for the grand occasion of picking lotus in ancient times and nostalgia for his hometown. (The author's hometown is in Jiangnan)
2. The author described the specific situation of picking lotus in Jiangnan. The author said that it was a "lively" and "romantic" season, and quoted Liang Yuan's "Lotus Picking Fu" to describe the "wandering" scene at that time.
A beautiful teenager and a beautiful girl are soul mates to pick lotus. The bow of the bow turns around and makes a cup of laughter frequently to convey love. The paddle gently shook the grass and tripped, and the duckweed at the bow separated. The girl is slim and wears a white silk coat with a thin waist. Love is inseparable, and I can't bear to look back. Late spring and early summer are a good season. Ye Er is full of delicate flowers. Laugh at the water, for fear that water drops will splash your clothes. Suddenly I felt the boat leaning, so I quickly put away my silk skirt.
3. In the author's mind, the scene of picking lotus is "another world", a world of "thinking about everything and thinking nothing". Is the author infected by this scene? Which sentence in the article can be expressed?
No, "It's a pity that we are not happy now" is still "the excitement is theirs, and I have nothing", the author sighs again.
4. The Song of Xizhou was originally used to describe a young woman's pain of missing her lover, but what feelings did the author express with it? Which sentence in the article can be expressed?
Expressing the author's homesickness can be seen from "This really makes me miss Jiangnan".
The author describes picking lotus from ancient poems, and then restores it to his eyes, saying that "it is impossible to see only some shadows of running water." This naturally affected the homesickness of "it made me miss Jiangnan in the end". This kind of homesickness is the author's depression and hesitation in the face of the dark reality at that time, and he wants to be detached and struggle. However, in the face of the lotus pond, the author can't send his own sorrow, so he sends it with his present homesickness. The projection of the author's contradictory feelings in his works at that time expressed the author's inner injustice and longing for a bright and beautiful life.
5. "I suddenly looked up and didn't realize that it was my own door", which shows that the author was intoxicated with peace and was extremely unwilling to return to reality.
How does the author feel when he comes home from the lotus pond?
The author returns to reality from reverie, but the reality is still the same, the anxiety is still the same, and the heart is still restless. What he saw and heard just now is like a dream.
In the summary of the third part, the author skillfully used the scenes of picking lotus in Fu for Picking Lotus and Song of Xizhou to reflect his homesickness and even set off the author's faint sadness at that time. When he got home, he led his emotions to a low point, and everything returned to reality. The author began to hesitate again and began to be depressed.
According to the author's travel notes, this paper can lead to a clue.
Entering the door-the path-the lotus pond under the moonlight, the moonlight on the lotus pond-in all directions-the old customs of Jiangnan, go home.
(spatial clues-open lines)
Any other clues?
At first, the author's mood was "quite uneasy" and he felt depressed and confused (emotional low tide); At the beginning of "Slow Path", the author reveals a faint sadness; Because of the tranquility of the path, the author entered a dreamy "another world", and the author deliberately put himself in an environment beyond reality. "The world seems to be mine;" "I feel like a free man." "What you have to do during the day and what you have to say can be ignored now." It can be seen that the author's mood has changed from a faint sadness to a faint joy. Then, with the change of the author's foothold, the mood has also changed. When the author appreciates the moonlight in the lotus pond, the faint joy is even stronger (here is the climax of the author's mood). Later, when the author saw the listless street lamps and the lively cicadas and frogs around the lotus pond, it reflected the author's depression and faint sadness. Then, with the help of the old customs and homesickness in the south of the Yangtze River, I freed myself from depression, but I finally returned home and returned to reality, and my mood was still "quite agitated" (at a low tide)
Export: Dark Line-Emotion
Quite uneasy-faint worry-faint joy-faint worry-homesickness-uneasy
The structure is natural and rigorous. The scenery is distinct and distinctive, and the hazy scenery is mixed with faint joy and sadness. Take advantage of the scenery to express emotion and blend the scene. The language is beautiful, concise and vivid. Using metaphor, association, foil and other means, the scene is very real and full of charm.
Blackboard design:
One (1) reason: It's quite disturbing to think that the lotus pond is still on the door.
Two (2 ~ 6) moonlight in the lotus pond
Twists and turns, seclusion, trees, loneliness.
A faint sad road during the day (few people walk)-at night (more lonely) yes.
No moonlight (gloomy)-faint moonlight (beautiful)
A free man in another world
Beauty and benefit
He Tiantian, multi-storey (multi-storey)
The leaves are tall and thin.
Moon Lotus White (color)
Charming and shy (beautiful)
Under the pearl, the stars (light)
A faint lotus-scented and provocative song
That faint joy is like lightning, in a flash (fast) state.
Tang Bo Ning Bi (Se) Mei
Pulse (state) full of water-static beauty
Lotus flowers flow out of the moonlight like running water.
The angle of the pond is blue mist: thin, like milk, like gauze.
From scenery, leaves and flowers: like a dream
Angle of the moon: shadow, beautiful shadow edge
Color, light and shadow: uneven and harmonious, like a famous curved surface.
Tree: heavy and gloomy (gloomy)
A touch of sadness, four distant mountains: vaguely
Zhou is listless.
Cicada and frog
Three (7 ~ 8) Jiangnan old customs go home
Uneasy about picking lotus flowers in Jiangnan, missing hometown and returning to reality.