1. allusion: all poems and songs quote historical facts about people, places, things and things in the past, or language and writing to increase the implicature and elegance of words and expressions, which is called "allusion". 2。
Metaphor: Function: Metaphor makes the depicted things vivid and vivid. Vivid and vivid; Turn the simple into vivid, abstract into concrete, esoteric into popular, and lengthy into concise.
3 personification: function: personification can prompt readers to associate; Give things human characteristics and spirituality, and give people a kind feeling; Make the depicted things more vivid. Pun function: You can express euphemistic, implicit and meaningful feelings through pun.
5 Contrast: Contrast can highlight their distinctive characteristics and help express their thoughts and feelings. 6 exaggeration: 1. Reveal the essence and inspire people.
2. Set off the atmosphere and enhance the appeal. 3. Enhance association; Create an atmosphere.
7 Metonymy: Function: Proper use of metonymy can arouse people's association and make sentences have prominent images, distinctive features, refined writing and concrete and vivid effects. Intertextuality: The function of intertextuality is to make the language of poetry vivid, the structure neat and the rhyme harmonious.
9. Setting questions: Function: Correct use of setting questions can attract people's attention and inspire their thinking; Contribute to clear hierarchy and compact structure; Can better describe the ideological activities of the characters; 10. Number of repetitions: function: 1. Emphasize and enhance the tone or language potential. 2. Play the role of reciting and expressing strong feelings.
At the same time, repeated rhetorical devices can also make the format of poetry orderly, ups and downs, and beautiful language.
2. Poetry with figurative rhetoric. Clever metaphor (1) the sky is like a vault, and the cage covers four fields.
I don't know where to get autumn frost in the mirror. (3) Jasper makeup is as tall as a tree and hangs a green silk tapestry for thousands of years.
(4) I don't know who cut off the thin leaves. The spring breeze in February is like scissors. 5] If the West Lake is to be compared to the West Lake, light makeup is always appropriate.
[6] Rizhao incense burner produces purple smoke, and waterfalls hang thousands of rivers. 57. Boldly exaggerate (1) If you plant a millet in spring, you will reap 10,000 seeds in autumn.
Dangerous buildings are hundreds of feet high, and hands can pick stars. (3) White hair and three thousands of feet, sorrow is like a long beard.
(4) Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days. 58. Vivid personification (1) Cooking beans and burning beans, beans crying in the kettle.
(2) After the flowers are picked into honey, who will work hard and who will be sweet? (3) Hammer out of the mountain and burn like a fool. (4) Asserting that the castle peak is not relaxed, and the foothold is broken rocks.
[5] Spring breeze and green Jiang Nanan, when will the bright moon shine on me? [6] In February, the grass grows and the warblers fly, and the willows on the embankment are drunk with spring smoke. Once, one water protected the field and two mountains gave green.
59. Ironic style (1) When did the singing and dancing of the West Lake stop outside the Qingshan Building outside the mountain? (2) Warm winds make tourists drunk and make Hangzhou a continent. (3) How many Chang 'an fame and fortune guests, the organs are not as tired as you.
Look at a boat, you are in a storm. 5] This song should only exist in the sky, and people can listen to it several times! 60, interrogative tone (1) I don't know where to get autumn frost in the mirror. Jiang Nanan spring breeze is green, when will the bright moon shine on me? (3) After all the flowers are collected into honey, who will work hard for whom and who will be sweet? 6 1, rhetorical tone (1) When will a hundred rivers go east to the sea and return to the West? (2) When will the West Lake Song and Dance be closed? (3) What will tomorrow be like in one hundred years? Please listen to my song tomorrow.
(4) Don't laugh when you are drunk on the battlefield. How many people fought in ancient times? 62, sigh (1) Jiangnan can pick lotus, lotus leaves are sweet! But how much love there is in an inch of grass, and it will be rewarded with three spring rays! (3) Four hundred and eighty halls in southern dynasties, how many towers are misty and rainy! (4) Mochow has no confidant before, and everyone knows you! 5] Tomorrow is tomorrow, how many tomorrows! [6] We are born from the same root, so what's the hurry! Once you see a boat, it's in a storm! Warm winds make tourists drunk and Hangzhou a continent. Levies this song should only be in the sky, and the world can listen to it several times.
⑽ How many pedestrians shed tears in the middle of the fishing drum platform under Qingjiang River! 63. Duality (1) But as long as you go up a flight of stairs, you can broaden your horizons by 300 miles. (2) We open your window, overlook the garden and fields, and talk about Sang Ma with cups in our hands.
(3) There are three rivers and seas in Wan Li, and five thousand mountains climb skyscrapers. (4) Two orioles sing green willows, and a row of egrets go up to the sky.
5] If you want to wet your clothes with apricot flowers and rain, you will find another village. 64. The Tibetan words in the poem (1) grow in February, and the willows on the embankment are drunk with spring smoke.
(2) I advise God to stand up again and make healthy talents in an eclectic way. (3) Kyushu's anger depends on the wind and thunder, and the sorrow of thousands of horses.
(4) There is no road in the mountains and rivers, and there is another village. When the spring breeze is full of joy, you can see all the Chang 'an flowers in one day.
[6] Flowers are helpless and seem to meet Yan. Once upon a time, when the moon was bright in the Qin dynasty and the Han dynasty was off, people did not return during the Long March.
Being a flower alone is not spring, but colorful spring scenery is full of gardens. 9. You can easily recognize the spring breeze, which is always spring.
65. Poetry is antithetical to each other. (1) As the saying goes, a thousand miles of Jiangling will be returned in one day. (1000 miles a day) But you can broaden your horizons by 300 miles as long as you go up one flight of stairs.
(Make persistent efforts) (3) Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has set for nine days. (plunge) (4) Spring scenery can't close the garden, and an apricot is out of the wall.
[5] Don't be afraid of death, leave innocence in the world. [6] I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, I am only in this mountain.
(the authorities are confused, the bystanders are clear) 7. Looking up, I found it was moonlight, sinking again, and I suddenly remembered home. (Touch the site) 8 dangerous building height 100 feet.
(Fly into the sky) But you can broaden your view of 300 miles by going up a flight of stairs. ⑽ go further.
⑾ Peach Blossom Pond is deeper in thousands of feet than in Wang Lun. ⑿ I still miss Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong.
I would rather die than surrender, and I have no face to see my elders in Jiangdong. Poetry puzzles become interesting (1). It's good to know the season when it rains, and it happens in spring. (Sung River in the timely rain) (2) There are no idle fields in the four seas, and farmers still starve to death.
(useless-Wu Yong) (3) When the flowers bloom, she laughs among the flowers. (Huarong) (4) Dark clouds turn over the ink and don't cover the mountain, and white rain jumps over the boat.
(Black Cyclone Li Kui jy Wave in Zhang Shun) (5) Weeds are blooming beside Suzaku Bridge, and the sunset is setting in Wuyi Lane. (Time shift) [6] Say goodbye to Bai Di Caiyun and return to Jiangling one day.
(Shen Xing Taibao Daizong) Once, children and grandchildren did not work for farming and weaving, but also learned to plant melons in the shade of mulberry trees. Sun Ce was interested in catching cicadas, but suddenly he was silent.
(Liu Chan-Liu Chan) The next morning, he found his white feathered arrow, pointing out that it was deep in the hard rock. (Guan Yu) ⑽ Farewell to the White Emperor in the Cloud and return to Jiangling one day.
(Qingwen) ⑾ I don't know the moon when I am an hour, which is called the white jade plate. (Fake Baoyu-Jia Baoyu) ⑿ With the twilight shadow in my heart, I have been driving in the Leyou tombs.
(Qu Yuan) [13] Hanshan Stone Path is far away, and there are people in Bai Yunsheng. (fitness) 14. But as long as you climb a flight of stairs, you can broaden your horizons by 300 miles.
(Gao Shi) ⒂ There is a short canopy under the shadow of ancient trees, and a stick helps me cross the east of the bridge. (Lu You Zheng Banqiao).
3. What are the rhetorical methods of poetry? According to the similarity of things, concrete, simple and familiar things are used to illustrate abstract, abstruse and unfamiliar things, that is, metaphor.
Metaphor can make the content of expression vivid and concrete, give people a vivid and profound impression, explain abstruse and unfamiliar things with simple and common things, and help people understand them deeply. There are three types of metaphors: simile, metaphor and metonymy.
That little girl is like a flower. Metaphorically, A is B, and the thick green scenery is simply a painting of green mountains and green waters.
Metaphor A and metaphor B did not appear, such as countless arrows shooting from the ground and thousands of waterfalls falling on the roof. [Edit this paragraph] The original intention is that people write things as adults, endow things with people's words and deeds or thoughts and feelings, and describe things with words that describe people.
Anthropomorphic people can write animals, birds, insects, flowers, trees or other inanimate things into adults, so that specific things are personalized and the language is vivid. Such as: peach trees, apricot trees, pear trees, you won't let me, I won't let you, they are all full of flowers to catch up with.
[Edit this paragraph] Exaggeration deliberately exaggerates or reduces the nature and characteristics of things. Exaggeration can prompt the essence of things, set off the atmosphere, strengthen the rendering power and cause associative effects.
The types of exaggeration include: enlarged exaggeration exaggerates the shape, nature, characteristics, function and degree of things. The asphalt road was damaged by the sun, and even the bronze medal in front of the store seemed to be shrunk by the sun. Exaggeration reduces the image, nature, characteristics, function and degree of things. There is only a palm-sized place in front of my house. Exaggerate in advance, say what comes later, and say what comes first. She was drunk before she got pregnant.
[Edit this paragraph] Arrangement refers to arranging three or more sentences or components with the same or similar structure, consistent tone and related meanings. Parallelism can improve the language atmosphere and expression effect.
For example, their quality is so pure and noble, their will is so tough and strong, their temperament is so simple and humble, and their mind is so beautiful and broad. [Edit this paragraph] For a pair of phrases or sentences with even words, the same structural form and symmetrical meaning, express two relative or similar meanings.
Duality is neat and symmetrical, with strong sense of rhythm, high generalization, easy to remember and musical beauty. Such as: frown coldly at a thousand fingers, bow down and be a willing ox.
[Edit this paragraph] To emphasize a certain meaning and express a certain feeling, deliberately repeat a word or sentence. Types of repetition: continuous repetition and interval repetition, with no other words in the middle of continuous repetition.
There are other words in interval repetition. There was an echo from the valley. He just left. He just left.
(Repeatedly) It seems that after the loss of the three provinces, the party and the country are more and more like one country. Without the three northeastern provinces, no one will ring, but the party and the country are more and more like a country. (Repeat at intervals) [Edit this paragraph] Ask questions in order to attract others' attention, deliberately ask questions first, and then answer them yourself.
Asking questions can remind people to think, and some are to highlight certain contents. Why are flowers so red? First of all, it has its material basis.
[Edit this paragraph] There is no doubt that rhetorical questions express definite meaning in the form of questions, and express negation in the form of negation. What about me? Have I nothing to blame? [Edit this paragraph] Quoting existing words to improve the effect of language expression can be divided into direct quotation and indirect quotation.
For example, "Modesty makes people progress, while pride makes people lag behind", it is necessary to write things as adults, or people as crops, or other things according to the characteristics and functions of (1). Its formal characteristics are: things are humanized, or people are materialized, or things are materialized. Its function is to make the written "people" or "things" colorful, vivid and meaningful.
(2) The type of analogy ① personification. For example, Du Fuchuan is singing and laughing in the willows, and the red flag is fluttering.
② simulacra. For example, if we are honest, there will be bullies. If we dare to use a knife, the bully will have to run with his tail between his legs.
Remember this truth. [Edit this paragraph] Replace what you want to express with something related.
Types of metonymy: characteristic substituting for things, concrete substituting for abstraction, part substituting for whole, and whole substituting for part. For example, don't take a needle or thread from the masses.
Sir, can't you give me cash, Yuan Shikai? [Edit this paragraph] Irony expresses the original intention with words or sentences that are opposite to the original intention, and enhances the expression effect through irony. Some satirize and expose, while others express intimate and friendly feelings.
For example, (students studying in the Qing Dynasty) also have broken braids, which are flat. Except for the hat, they are all shiny and visible, just like a little girl's bun, and you have to twist your neck a few times. It's really beautiful. [Edit this paragraph] Contrast is a figure of speech that compares two different things or two aspects of the same thing together.
Using contrast, we must have a deep understanding of the contradiction of what we want to express. Two things to be compared or two aspects of the same thing should be opposite, otherwise they cannot be compared.
For example, some people are alive but dead; Some people died, but he is still alive. (Cang Kejia's "Some People") [Edit this paragraph] It is true that the words at the end of the previous sentence are used as the beginning of the next sentence, and they are connected back and forth, and they are re-elected to promote tone cohesion.
Also known as Julian, Lian Lian and Lian Lian. For example, if you have a big belly, you can laugh at the intolerable things in the world. People who laugh at the ridiculous in the world (anonymous title: Maitreya Hall, Tanzhe Temple, Beijing) are greedy, and greed leads to anger. Anger hurts people. Therefore, if you know that ignorance depends on bitter precepts, you will have wisdom and wisdom, and you will become a master. When learning precepts, there is a special and unusual thimble format called linked lattice (.
For example, goodness can be close and smelled. If you listen to thinking and practice, you will become very good. There will be old diseases, diseases, death and rebirth. There are green hills outside the building, white clouds outside the mountain, green trees beside Tianchi Lake in Yun Fei, red rain beside the trees, and the rain falls on the stream. Generally speaking, it is interlocking and fascinating. Specifically: discussion and reasoning should be accurate, detailed and thorough.
Lyric freehand brushwork, fresh style. Narrative, coherent.
[Edit this paragraph] Intertextuality, also called intertextuality, is a rhetoric method commonly used in ancient poetry. In ancient Chinese, the meaning of a sentence (or phrase) was divided into two sentences (or phrases), and the explanation should be important.
4. What are the exaggerations of common rhetorical devices in ancient poetry? It's been nine days since I suspected that the Milky Way had set. White hair three thousands of feet, sorrow like a beard.
Metaphor: There are various metaphors, similes and metaphors. Suddenly, like a night wind blowing, like a pear tree in blossom. The spring breeze in February is like scissors ...
Rhetoric such as antithesis and duality need not be elaborated. You have studied metrical poetry. The endless trees are rustling leaves, and the Yangtze River is rolling unpredictably. "Two orioles sing green willows, and egrets cover the sky."
Pun intended: Don't be afraid of being smashed to pieces. Leave your innocence in the world.
Rhetorical question: Oh, how can I seriously bow and scrape to those who have high status and high positions? They will never tolerate others showing them a sincere face.
Q: How clear is the canal? Because there is inexhaustible living water for it. How much sadness can you have? Like a river flowing eastward.
There are more allusions. Don't say that the perch is good for the west wind, and the Ji Ying has not returned.
5. Tao Yuanming, the rhetorical device of ancient poetry drinking.
Building a house is human, and there are no horses and chariots.
What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered. (rhetorical device)
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely.
The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back.
There is real meaning in this. I have forgotten what I want to say.
Wanglushan Waterfall
li po
Rizhao incense burner produces purple smoke,
Looking at the waterfall hanging in front of Sichuan.
Fly down 3,000 feet.
It's been nine days since I suspected that the Milky Way had set.
Personification:
Write things as adults, endow things with human thoughts, feelings and activities, and describe things with words that describe people.
Function: write animals, birds, insects, flowers, trees or other inanimate things into adults, so that specific things are personalized and the language is vivid.
Du Fu in Hope in Spring
Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested.
Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate. (personification)
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold.
Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin.