this poem is also quite skillful in the use of language. In the first sentence, "smoke", "water", "moon" and "sand" are connected by two words "cage" and merged into a hazy and cold water night scene. At the end of this article, I started to think about the past with the rich connotation of "near the restaurant". Qinhuai area was a famous amusement place in the Six Dynasties, and there were many restaurants, so the endless prosperity of the song and dance banquets in the past was actually included in the poet's thoughts at this time. The last two sentences are caused by a song "backyard flower", which expresses the poet's indignation at the "merchant girl" and indirectly satirizes the dignitaries who don't attach importance to state affairs and are intoxicated with money, that is, the rulers who lead a drunken life. The word "still singing" skillfully combines history and reality, which hurts the time and is euphemistic and deep. Shen Deqian, a critic in Qing Dynasty, praised this poem as a "swan song", and the word "Jude" revealed the author's critical meaning and anxiety. Guan Shiming even called it a masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty. Qinhuai River is a bustling place of singing and dancing in Jinling, the old capital of the Six Dynasties. Poets moored by the boat in the middle of the night, and the song of yushu backyard flower, a merchant girl, came from across the river. Listening to the sound of national subjugation, they could not help but arouse the feeling of the rise and fall of the times. The last two sentences deeply condemned the rulers who only knew how to solicit songs and dance, buy laughter and chase happiness, but did not take the historical scenery as a mirror. This poem is a blend of scenes, and the hazy scenery is in harmony with the faint sadness in the poet's heart.
This poem is sentimental. Jinling was once the capital of the Six Dynasties and was prosperous for a while. Seeing the decline of the Tang Dynasty today, those in power are fatuous and dissolute, and it is inevitable that they will repeat the mistakes of the Six Dynasties and feel infinitely sad. The first sentence describes the scenery, first trying to render the light and elegant night by the water; Two narratives, pointing out the place of night parking; Three or four feelings, from the "near the restaurant" leads to the song of the merchant girl, the restaurant has many songs, naturally free and easy; From the decadent songs, it leads to "I don't know how to die and hate the country", attacking the powerful gentry for indulging in debauchery and deep implication; The tune of "backyard flower" was introduced from "national subjugation and hatred", and Chen Houzhu's poems were used to lash the dissoluteness of powerful people, which was profound and sharp. These two sentences express the sober feudal intellectuals' worries about state affairs, and also reflect that bureaucrats and nobles are filling their decadent and empty souls with songs, dances and drunken lives, which are exactly the portrayal of two different aspects in the declining real life of the late Tang Dynasty. "Business women don't know how to hate the country, and they still sing" backyard flowers "across the river." Yushu backyard flower is said to be a piece of music composed by Chen Houzhu in the Southern Dynasties, and is called "the voice of national subjugation" by later generations. "Across the river" inherited a story of "national subjugation and hatred", which means that the Sui soldier Chen Shijiang was in the north of the river, and the small court of the Southern Dynasties was in danger across the river, while Chen Houzhu was still addicted to singing and was finally captured and subjugated. Literally, these two poems seem to criticize the singer, but in fact, the poet feels the decline of state affairs and the decline of the world in the late Tang Dynasty, criticizing those rulers who are addicted to singing and dancing and "don't know" that the country will die. The word "still singing" is meaningful, which skillfully links history, reality and imagined future, showing the poet's concern and anxiety about the fate of the country. This poem is written by what the poet sees, hears and feels. The language is fresh and natural, and the conception is exquisite and meticulous. The whole poem combines scenery, events, feelings and meanings in one furnace, and the scenery is set for the feelings, and the feelings follow the scenery. Chen Houzhu's famine and subjugation allegorized the rulers of the late Tang Dynasty, implicitly expressing the poet's deep thinking about history and his deep concern about reality. With deep feelings and profound implications, it is known as the masterpiece in the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty. This poem shows the poet's bitter satire on the rulers of the late Tang Dynasty and his deep concern about the fate of the country. Such rich connotations and profound themes are contained in just 28 words, each of which is concise. The language of poetry requires conciseness. Only conciseness can be implicit, and only implicitness can be seen. Therefore, subtlety and refinement complement each other. This poem vividly and typically shows the atmosphere of the late Tang Dynasty in the artistic conception of scene blending, which reminds people of the fate of the late Tang Dynasty from Chen Houzhu's debauchery and national subjugation, euphemistically and implicitly expresses the poet's deep thinking about history and reality, with profound content, deep feelings, endless meaning and thought-provoking.