This small hill on the outskirts of Hangzhou, though not famous for its three mountains and five mountains, was once a place that Japanese monks yearned for and played a decisive role in the history of Sino-Japanese exchanges.
Jingshan has a long history of producing tea, which was planted in the Tang Dynasty and became famous in the Song Dynasty.
Buddhism rose in the Song Dynasty, and incense flourished. Monks tend to doze off in meditation, and tea can refresh themselves, so they have an indissoluble bond with tea. Therefore, the famous blue temples all grow and make tea.
Therefore, it has gradually become a fashion to help Zen with tea, and to participate in Zen and realize Taoism.
At that time, Jingshan Temple, the crown of "five mountains and ten temples", and Lin Jizong's ancestral Dojo were all famous for tea banquets.
Every spring, Jingshan holds a tea banquet, presided over by the master himself, and then presents tea to the monks. At that time, many people went into the mountains to drink tea and talk about Taoism.
In Japan in the Tokugawa era, many fields left the historical memory and cultural imprint of Jingshan Buddhist monks in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.
During the Ruiping period of the Southern Song Dynasty (1235- 124 1), Yuaner, a teacher of the Japanese holy country, came to China and struggled for Buddhism, and was blinded by a ruler. During his stay in Jingshan, he not only practiced Buddhism, but also learned to grow and make tea. After returning home, he planted tea seeds brought from Jingshan in Shizuoka Prefecture, and made high-grade Japanese matcha according to the method of Jingshan tea, called "Benshan Tea".
1259, Nanpu Shao Ming went to Jingci Temple, Hangzhou and Jingshan Temple in Yuhang (worshiping the monk in the virtual hall of Jingshan Temple as a teacher). I studied tea ceremony in Jingshan Temple during my meditation. After returning to China, I brought the tea ceremony props from Jingshan Temple back to Chongfu Temple in Japan, and spread the etiquette of "ordering tea" and "tea banquet" in Jingshan Temple, which had a direct and great influence on Japanese tea ceremony thought. In his later years, he moved to Kyoto and spread the tea ceremony in Kyoto.
Its tea ceremony was passed down by Zongfeng Miaochao, the founder disciple of Dade Temple, and the tea ceremony props brought back from China were also transferred from Chongfu Temple to Dade Temple. The tea ceremony in Dade Temple spread to Yixiu Zongchun and Murata Zhuguang, and basically formed the Japanese tea ceremony.
After the "Jingshan Tea Banquet" was introduced to Japan by two famous Japanese Buddhist teachers, the tea ceremony popular in Jiangnan Buddhist temples was transplanted to Japan with the close contact and missionary work of Buddhist monks in China and Japan. After years of improvement and evolution, it finally evolved into the popular "Japanese tea ceremony" today.
It can be said that Jingshan Temple is the birthplace of Japanese Zen Buddhism and has a far-reaching influence on the development of Japanese Zen Buddhism.
Jingshan tea is famous far and near, and it still enjoys a high reputation in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. However, the temples were destroyed in the late Qing Dynasty, and Jingshan tea gradually declined and was forgotten by the world.
Moreover, the way of drinking tea in China has also evolved with the change of dynasties. We can only see the elegance of Jingshan Tea Banquet from the present Japanese tea ceremony.
The mood of Japanese tea ceremony pursues a word "purity", that is, to talk about purity, purity, that is, "tea is Zen" and "tea is Zen".
Tea ceremony is a unique custom in Japan, which maintains the original and simple beauty, close to nature and return to nature. People hope to achieve the purpose of purifying the soul according to the "simple and simple" tea ceremony.
The word "Qing" in the four-word formula for drinking tea is not only a quiet environment, but also an uncontested detachment. It is leisurely, relaxed and beautiful.
The charm of tea ceremony lies in the elegant atmosphere of tea room and tea garden. The beauty of tea ceremony is called "escape", which means leisure and tranquility, or it is understood as "Zen silence".
From the ceremony of tea worship in Japanese tea ceremony, we can infer the process of dividing tea, making tea, making tea and tasting tea.
According to Li's book Japan, Japanese and Japanese Culture, the etiquette of tea worship is very particular: the hostess kneels down, gently turns the tea bowl twice, and points the pattern on the bowl at the guests. Of course, the first guest is the first to take tea according to the routine, but generally she has to show humility before taking tea. You must use both hands when you take the tea bowl. First, put it in the palm of your hand and gently turn it twice with your other hand. Aim the pattern on the bowl at the tea drinker, then lift the bowl to your forehead as a gift, and then drink it in three times. When you drink, you should take a breath slowly, and you should make a slurp in your mouth to express your appreciation and praise.
In the process of tea tasting, the host makes tea for the guests wholeheartedly, the guests concentrate on watching, tasting and appreciating the host's demonstration, and the heart-to-heart communication between the host and the guest, so as to achieve the realm of mutual respect, love and integration.
The formal tea ceremony includes food and two kinds of tea ("strong tea" and "weak tea"), and the whole process lasts about four hours. During the period, the tea teacher is committed to creating an environment that can bring good enjoyment and physical and mental comfort to the guests, so that the guests can get peace of mind.
In order to do this, it may take decades for a tea master to learn the prescribed procedures for serving tea to guests, and to learn to appreciate art, craft, poetry and calligraphy.
In addition, they have to learn floral art, cooking, gardening and so on. In this process, the tea teacher gradually acquired an elegant, selfless and considerate quality.
1978 After the resumption of production, Jingshan Tea successively won various titles of famous tea, but its reputation was not as good as before, and it was unknown before Longjing in West Lake.
But there are still many tea lovers who go to Jingshan to collect a batch of new tea before Grain Rain every year.
The price of camellia is closely related to tea garden, tea species, altitude, soil, picking time and production technology.
In your spare time, brew a cup of camellia in a glass and taste its true color, fragrance, taste and state.
My heart will continue to calm down when I watch the tea gradually spread out and sink into the water like a fairy.
Slowly put aside the worldly complexity and enter the realm of selflessness.
Zen is sudden.