Guo Feng Zheng Feng General Zhongzi is one of the Books of Songs. The whole poem has three chapters and eight sentences in each chapter. This poem is a Chinese folk love song popular in the area of Zheng State in the Spring and Autumn Period, and it is a beautiful love poem given to a lover by a girl in love. The whole poem is purely composed of inner monologue. However, due to the heroine's lyricism, it was developed in connection with Liyuan espalier, where she lives, and she used the tone of calling and comforting each other, which made the poetic scene have a unique charm of pouring words. The Book of Songs is the first collection of poems in the history of China literature. It has a far-reaching influence on the development of poetry in future generations and has become the source of the realistic tradition of classical literature.
General Nakako
Explanation: The girl asked her lover not to come to her house to avoid being scolded by her parents, brothers and neighbors.
The original text
will make Zhong Zi Xi ①, without exceeding my interior ②, without folding my tree. Dare to love (4),
fear my parents. Zhong Kehuai also, parents' words, can also be feared.
general zhong zixi, no more than my wall, no more than my tree mulberry. How dare you love it?
Fear my brothers. Zhong Kehuai also, the words of the brothers, but also awesome.
general zhong zixi, no more than my garden, no less than my sandalwood. How dare you love it?
You are afraid of many words. Zhong can also be pregnant, and many people can also be feared.
Note
① Please, qiang. Nakako: The name of the man in the poem.
② over: over. Li: House, yard.
③ qi: the name of the tree, that is, qi tree.
④ love: pity and regret. 5 sandalwood: sandalwood tree.
Translation
Brother Zhong Zi, please, don't turn into my courtyard, and don't climb the branches of the lychee. Where am I stingy with it?
I'm just afraid of my parents. Brother Zhong, I miss you, and my parents know that I have to scold you, which really scares me.
Brother Zhongzi, please don't climb into my wall or break mulberry branches. I don't care about it,
I'm just afraid of my brother. Brother Zhong Zi, I miss you. My brother knows to scold, which really scares me.
Brother Zhong Zi, please turn into my garden, and don't climb the branches of the sandalwood. Where am I stingy with it?
I'm just afraid of people gossiping. Brother Zhong Zi, I miss you. It really scares me that others know to gossip.
Appreciation
The communication between men and women in the pre-Qin period experienced a change from relatively loose prevention to gradually strict prevention.
Zhou Li Di Guan Mei Shi said: "The mid-spring moon makes men and women meet, so when it comes, runners can't help it." It can be seen that in the Zhou Dynasty, the freedom of choice of specific seasons was reserved for the love and marriage of young men and women. However, once the "mid-spring" is over, if you want to associate privately, you will be dismissed as "slutty". In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the prevention of men and women was much stricter. Mencius under Teng Wengong said: "If you don't wait for your parents' orders, the matchmaker's words, drill a hole to see each other, and follow each other over the wall, then your parents and people will be mean." Even a peek at "drilling a hole" will be vilified, which shows how severe public opinion has been.
what General Zhong Zi shows is a young woman's fear and ambivalence under the oppression of this kind of public opinion. (The Preface to Mao's Poems thinks that this poem is a work of "stabbing Zhuang Gong", while Zheng Qiao's Poem Discrimination thinks that this poem is "a poem of debauchery". Nowadays, many people don't take these two opinions. Look at the first chapter, and the opening is a sudden cry: "I will be happy, no more than my heart, no more than my tree!" You can't understand this call at first, but you can't help smiling when you read it carefully: it is not clear in the poem that a young man and a woman are about to meet privately? The man in love (Nakako) was a little anxious, and he proposed a plan to cross the wall and cross the garden to meet. This can scare the woman, knowing that "peeping through the hole and following through the wall" will be despised and scolded by parents and Chinese people; She thought, "If my sweetheart is so reckless, can you teach me where to put my face?" So there was a sudden cry of the three sentences that opened the chapter. This call is gentle, and the word "will" (wish) is conveying how much affection a woman has in her heart; But it is resolute, and the two words "nothing" (don't) are almost non-negotiable. If you read more deeply, you can still see the heroine's pale face at the moment because of anxiety, and the expression of "Nakako" who was disappointed by being rejected.
This disappointment is undoubtedly felt by the heroine, and a wonderful inner confession jumps out of the poem: "How dare you love it? Afraid of my parents. Zhong Kehuai, the words of parents, can also be feared. " The previous rhetorical question is strange, which shows the heroine's carefulness. She is afraid that the appeal of "I am a tree without a fold" will be misunderstood by her sweetheart, so she quickly declares: "How dare you love it? Fear my parents. " -I'm not stingy with Qi Shu, I'm just afraid that my parents will know; So although I love you, I can't let you come over the wall. I really have to. This confession, a word of "fear", which explains to my sweetheart, reveals how scared she is of her parents! In this way, nakako is not completely desperate? Not really. The three sentences of "Zhong Kehuai Ye" show that the poor heroine, after all, gives her sweetheart a gentle comfort while worrying: "I really think about you every day, but my parents scold me, which really scares me ..." The words and spats seem to be comforting and asking for help, which vividly depicts the infatuation and worry of a girl in love.
at first glance, the second and third chapters are only repetitions of the first chapter, but in fact they are progressive in emotional expression. From the heroine's call for "no more than my Li" to "no more than my wall" and "no more than my garden", we can infer how her lovestruck "Nakako" has climbed over the wall and over the garden, getting closer and closer. But men can act rashly, but women can't stand the gossip of being cheap. Therefore, the heroine's fear has also expanded, from "fear of my parents" to "fear of my brothers", and finally "fear" to the neighbors' "many words." It makes you feel that it seems to be an invisible net, which has been spread from family to society, and no one can earn it. This is the etiquette net that forbids young men and women to fall in love and have private meetings. It has been surrounded by "parents", "brothers" and "many words", and how strict and terrible it has become. From this, it is no wonder that the heroine's cry is more urgent and anxious every time-she is really helpless and difficult to face the pressure of public opinion!
The whole poem is purely composed of inner monologues. However, due to the heroine's lyricism, it was developed in connection with Liyuan espalier, where she lives, and she used the tone of calling and comforting each other, which made the poetic scene have a unique charm of pouring words. Literally, I only see the heroine's pleading and doubts, but the expression and voice of "Nakako" can be clearly seen in the poem: the recklessness of trying to cross the wall to meet, the unhappiness caused by being stopped, and the hesitation of fearing to disturb parents, brothers and neighbors, together with the heroine's love and fear, can all be obtained in the poem. In ancient Chinese poetics, the "middle scene" and "middle scene" of poetry were particularly emphasized, and it was this wonderful poetic scene that was created by General Zhong Zi. (Pan Xiaolong)
Reading
The woman in the poem is full of love for Zhong Zi, but she is afraid of gossip and gossip and dare not go forward boldly. If she wants to love, she can't bear to stop and is caught in a dilemma. This is a very realistic situation, and the choice is only compromise or resistance, and the middle road seems to be rare.
it should be said that the dilemma is a kind of life situation that we must always face. At this time, you can only choose yes or no, it is impossible to make any explanation, and it is impossible to make any other choice. In fact, this is very cruel. Cruelty is not whether these two opposing aspects are true or not, but that you have nowhere to run, no way out, or compromise or resist; Live or die. Your retreat, your room for manoeuvre, all have no. Therefore, the pain of no choice is probably more profound than other pains. Its essence is: you clearly know that reality goes against your will, and then you are forced to succumb to reality, with no chance to resist or escape.
in addition, it is extremely terrible that external forces-the obstruction and speech of others-stifle personal will. People's words are awesome, because the atmosphere formed by others' speeches poses a strong psychological pressure on you, because people know that ordinary people will not care about what others say or adjust their behavior according to others' comments.
when we say that people are tired, they are often not physically tired, but psychologically. Including the above-mentioned no choice and being surrounded by gossip. However, fundamentally, the power to be tired or not lies with ourselves, and truly open-minded people will not succumb to external pressure. I won't give in to others' will. He has his own opinion, free will and independent personality. Now, this is no longer a fantasy.
the full text explanation and appreciation of Guo feng Zheng Feng jiangzhongzi.