First, the teaching objectives
1, further understand the characteristics of bold and unconstrained ci, and experience the similarities and differences between Xin Qiji's and Su Shi's bold and unconstrained ci styles.
2. Understand the function of allusions in the text, and realize the author's frustration that he is eager to recover the Central Plains and his wish cannot be realized, as well as his anger at the humiliation of the rulers and improper employment.
3. Learn to compare and appreciate
Two. Teaching focus
Understand the clues of the article and the author's patriotic feelings
3. Teaching difficulties
Understand the allusions in the article
Four. Teaching media
Projection multimedia
Teaching process of verbs (abbreviation of verb)
(1) Review old knowledge:
1. Author, style and era
Northern Song Dynasty —— Bold School: Su Shi
Graceful school: Liu Guan
Southern Song Dynasty —— Bold School: Xin Qiji
Graceful school: Li Qingzhao and Jiang Kui
2. Recite famous sentences and perceive the different styles of graceful words and bold words.
1. In the mausoleum, the poet imagined the journey life after parting. The two most touching sentences he wrote were: Where will I wake up tonight? There is a breeze blowing in Yang Liuan.
2. A sentence in "Queqiao Fairy" embodies a lofty and broad-minded view of love: If two feelings last for a long time, they will be there sooner or later.
3. In Nian Nu Jiao Nostalgia, three sentences describing the dangerous situation of the ancient battlefield in Chibi are: flying stones go through the air, hit the shore and roll up thousands of piles of snow.
(2) Introduce new lessons to stimulate interest.
Su Shi's description of the Red Cliff scene in his poems left a deep impression on people, which not only set off the fierce fighting on the ancient battlefield, but also effectively set off the heroes. The stormy waves in Chibi aroused Su Shi's infinite reverie. Compared with Zhou Yu's heroic spirit, Dongpo naturally expressed the feeling that the years were passing away and his ambition was hard to pay. So, what did Xin Qiji think when he boarded Gubeiting in Jingkou? What we are going to learn today is Xin Qiji's Happy Forever? Gubeiting in Jingkou remembers the past. "
To understand the content of poetry, we must learn to know people and discuss the world.
Xin Qiji is a hero among poets. 1 16 1 year, the state of Jin invaded south on a large scale. At the age of 2 1, Xin Qiji led the mass uprising in his hometown for more than 20xx, and joined the peasant resistance army headed by Geng Jing as the "secretary in charge". During his months in the rebel army, he showed extraordinary courage and determination and did two sensational things. One is a monk named Duan Yi who defected to the enemy. Xin Qiji hunted him down and personally beheaded the traitor. Another thing, led 50 cavalry, cooperated with 50,000 troops stationed in Jinying, captured Zhang Anguo, a traitor and spy who killed Geng Jing and disintegrated the rebels, and crossed the Huaihe River to reach Jiankang (Nanjing). Xin Qiji went south, and Geng Jingqi failed to rebel and stayed in Nanjing. From then on, he continued to insist on the main battle and publicized the idea of resisting gold, recovering the Central Plains and unifying the whole country with patriotic words and articles.
At that time, the Southern Song Dynasty confronted Jin, and Jin soldiers invaded unscrupulously. In the Southern Song Dynasty, they avoided the corner of Gou 'an and agreed to pay for peace, resulting in the dispute between war and peace. In Song Dynasty, Lin Sheng wrote in Lin 'an Mansion: "When will the West Lake dance stop? Warm wind makes tourists drunk, just for Bianzhou, Hangzhou. "This poem reflects the situation at that time. Xin Qiji opposed gold all his life, and once stated his strategy to the court's "Ten Theories on Meiqin", which was not adopted. At the age of 42, he was exiled to his hometown and lived in seclusion in Shangrao, Jiangxi. He is loyal and enthusiastic, but he can't serve his country.
More than 20 years later, Han Zhou took control of the state affairs, tried to take advantage of the original fame and position in the Northern Expedition, and began to use Xin Qiji. At that time, Mongolia had risen, gold was declining, and civil strife continued. Han wants to make a big crusade and let him be the magistrate of Zhenjiang, the front line against gold. Xin Qiji is bent on revenge and revival. When he first arrived in Zhenjiang, he actively prepared for the Northern Expedition. However, Han Yi and his gang are politically corrupt and eager for success. Xin Qiji was worried about this political situation, so he wrote that "the eternal romance in Jingkou, Gubeiting nostalgia".
Xin Qiji has a sense of responsibility to support the crisis and a passion to resist gold and save the country. In a sense, this sentence can be regarded as his admonition to Prime Minister Han Tuo. In the end, his opinion was not adopted by Han Tuo and his gang, and he was demoted and later transferred from Zhenjiang. Xin Qiji's desire to display his talents and contribute to the great cause of recovery has failed again. This is the background of Xin Qiji's writing this word. In the first year of Kathy (1205), she returned to lead mountain to live in seclusion and died of anger two years later. Later, Han Biaozhou did not listen to Xin Qiji's advice. In the second year of Casey (1206), he rushed to send troops and was defeated. The following year, Han Biaozhou was killed.
(3), the overall perception, understand the content.
1, students learn the text by themselves
(1) Use notes and reference books to correct pronunciation and justice and dredge words.
(2) Read the text, feel the content of the article and understand the author's feelings.
2. Discussion: There are always several historical figures in the world, and the events of historical figures are clear.
(1) Sun Zhongmou
(2) Sending slaves:
(3) Liu Yilong:
(4) under the beaver temple:
(5) Lian Po:
(4), analysis of the words on the film:
1, the teacher added the deeds of Sun Quan and Emperor Wu of Song.
Sun Quan was the emperor of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. He established Wudu in Nanjing, defeated the army of Cao Cao, an invader from the north, and defended his home.
Emperor Wu of song was born in poverty and once lived on the streets, but he crusaded against Huan Gong and put down the rebellion. Lead troops to strengthen the Northern Expeditionary Army in Mazhuang, gallop the Central Plains and annex Land Rover. First destroy Houyan in Shandong, then destroy Houqin in Shaanxi, and recover Luoyang and Chang 'an for a period of time.
Xin Zeng once pointed out clearly that the Northern Expedition should pass through Shandong, because the people in Shandong are brave and the enemy's garrison is simple.
2. Shang Kun wrote two people. What are the similarities between these two people?
Clear: they are all heroes who can make contributions. And their careers all started from Jingkou.
3. What feelings does the poet place on these two heroes?
Clear: "Hero" expresses the poet's admiration and yearning for him.
"Love is always blown by wind and rain", even the charm of heroic cause is gone, which expresses regret for predecessors and successors, and also implies the fatuity and incompetence of the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty.
The sentence "think about the past and think about the future" not only yearns for his heroic achievements, but also contains the meaning of "in case of a monarch like Emperor Wu of Song, his correct strategic intention can be adopted".
Summary: The author takes this opportunity to express his great wish to resist gold and restore the Central Plains, and at the same time satirizes the shameless behavior of the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty who used the ancient emperors. )
(5) Watch the next film and analyze the levels. Teachers explain and students discuss the function of allusions.
1. The students tell stories about Liu Yilong.
The teacher clearly added: "Yuan Jia Cao Cao". "Yuanjia" is the title of Wendi in the Southern Song Dynasty. Song Wendi Liu Yilong is the son of Emperor Wu of Song. He was overjoyed that he could not inherit his father's business. He obeyed the king's Northern Expedition and fought an unprepared battle. As a result, the northern Wei army chased the Yangtze River and claimed to cross the river, which shocked the capital. "Sealing Wolf Xu Xu" tells the story that Huo Qubing defeated Xiongnu in Han Dynasty, sealed the wolf in Xushan and held a gift to heaven. After listening to Wang's boasting, he said to his deputies, "After listening to Wang's words, people feel that they are raising wolves in their own homes." "Looking at the north in panic" means losing face when you see the enemy coming from the north. When Song Wendi was defeated, there was a poem "Looking north and crying".
All poems and articles use allusions for a purpose. What is Xin Qiji's purpose in quoting the story of Song Wendi's fiasco in the Northern Expedition?
Clear: Draw lessons from history, be prepared to cut gold, and don't act rashly. )
3. The second floor. "Forty-three years, ... a crow club drum!" What is the content?
Clarity: Recall what you saw and heard when you went south to Yangzhou, and describe the lives of people around Guabu Mountain.
In "Forty-three Years", it is said that Xin Qiji looked at the Central Plains in the north of Gubeiting in Jingkou, and remembered that he participated in the anti-gold struggle in the war-torn northern Yangzhou 43 years ago. Later, after crossing Huainan to return to China, I wanted to restore the Central Plains with national strength. He didn't expect that the Southern Song Dynasty court was groggy and powerless, which made his hero useless. Now that I am old, my ambition is still hard to pay. Without the feeling of life, I can't remember the past!
4. Three sentences of "Under the Buddha Hall". Recall the past and return to the present reality from above. Students talk about the meaning of this sentence.
"Beaver Temple" is a palace built by Emperor Tuoba Tao of the Northern Wei Dynasty on Guabu Mountain on the north bank of the Yangtze River when he was chasing Wang's army. The local people worship God in the Beaver Temple every year, which is very lively.
5. What is the author's mood when writing the scene of Beaver Temple?
With a heavy heart, the author expressed his worries: now that all parts of Jiangbei have been occupied for a long time, if they do not seek to recover quickly, the folk customs will be content with alien rule and forget that they are subjects of the Song Dynasty. Expressing dissatisfaction with the failure of the Southern Song government to restore the Central Plains. )
6. The last three sentences are the third floor. What is the purpose of using Lian Po's allusions?
The teacher added the allusion: Lian Po was a famous soldier of Zhao in the Warring States Period. Being framed, he went to Wei. Later, the State of Qin attacked the State of Zhao, and the King of Zhao sent messengers to visit him to see if he could still contribute to the State of Zhao. Lian Po originally wanted to be summoned by the prince of Zhao to fight for the battlefield, defeat Qiang Qin and make Zhao strong. In front of Zhao's emissary, he "had a bucket of rice and ten pounds of meat, and put it on his armor to show that he was still available." But as a result, Zhao's envoy reported to the king of Zhao that General Lian was still a good cook although he was old. However, I sat with the minister for a while, and I lost three arrows. "(a meal three legacy vector). So the prince of Zhao thought he was old, so he didn't need it.
Clear: Compared with Lian Po, I expressed my anguish that although I had great ambitions, the court did not pay attention to it.
7. Summarize the next article:
Continue to write about your loyalty to the motherland and express your anger that you are not used by the court.
(6) Summarize the whole poem:
This poem shows the author's yearning for heroic achievements, his ambition to resist gold and save the country and recover lost land, and his frustration that cannot be realized; It also shows satire and dissatisfaction with the despicable behaviors of the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty, such as humiliation and peace, and warns Han Zhou.
(7) Discuss the artistic features:
1, the writing characteristic of this word is to use allusions. Some people say that Xin Qiji's ci has the problem of losing his book bag. what do you think?
Clear: use the code to closely follow "Jingkou nostalgia; Allusions are closely related to thoughts and feelings. Love is meaningful, subtle and profound. Strengthening the persuasiveness and appeal of the work is precisely the strength of this word.
2. Apart from using allusions, what expressive techniques does this word highlight? (contrast)
Guide students to find out the contrast in words and understand its function.
(1) The contrast between heroic achievements and sad reality: aiming at the depression in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Praise Sun Quan for resisting Cao Cao and establishing a romantic life. Jiangshan should have produced talents, sighing that Sun Quan and others no longer exist, expressing dissatisfaction with the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty. )
(2) The comparison between Emperor Wu of Song's "tiger swallowing Wan Li" and Liu Yilong's "winning in a panic": Put forward historical experience and lessons, and point out what should be done today. Liu Yusheng was born in an ordinary family, but his humble background did not prevent him from making contributions-expressing his ambition to resist gold and save the country. His son, Liu Yilong, made a hasty northern expedition, and the result was a complete failure-warning the current rulers)
(3) The contrast between "Beacon Yangzhou Road" 43 years ago and "Beaver Temple, an elegant social drum" now expresses the feelings of worrying about the country and the people. Yan Hongliang, the gold owner, was killed by a mutinous subordinate, which was a good opportunity for the Southern Song Dynasty to counterattack and rejuvenate the country. However, Zhao Gou went for peace in the next three days, and now there are still people offering sacrifices in front of foreign emperors' temples, so he was satisfied with the rule of foreign people and forgot that he was a Song people. )
(8) Extension:
"Niannu jiao. "Red Cliff Nostalgia" and "Forever Happiness? Gu Beiting in Jingkou expressed his nostalgia by chanting history, and discussed the similarities and differences between the two words.
1. Similarities: structurally, they are all "location+nostalgia"
The artistic conception is magnificent.
The main idea is to borrow the past from the present.
2. Differences:
(1) "Niannujiao? The first part of "Looking Back on the Past of Chibi" sets off the characters layer by layer with scenes such as "Romantic Figures through the ages", "Chibi in Zhou Lang in Three Kingdoms" and "How many heroes are there at a time", which paves the way for the next part of the discussion. The first part of Jingkou Changle and Gubeiting Nostalgia is discussed, and the second part is also discussed locally.
(2) The issues involved in the discussion are different and the depth is different. Su Shi's ci feels that the years are passing away and his ambition is hard to pay; Xin Qiji's poems are closely linked with reality, and he talks about strategic views and shows patriotic feelings through chanting history.
(3) Many descriptions of Su Ci are open-minded, cheerful and optimistic; There are many things in the use of Xin characters, and they are difficult to understand.
(b) Appreciate another poem by Xin Qiji
Nanxiangzi went to Jingkou and Gu Beiting was pregnant.
Where to see China? Full of scenery, Gu Bei Building. How many things have risen and fallen through the ages, leisurely! The Yangtze River flows endlessly in the sky. Young Wan Dou (helmet, referring to soldiers) fought in the southeast. Who is the world hero? Cao Liu! Children should be like Sun Zhongmou.
(1) "Where can I see China?" Which word "Shenzhou" and "Forever" in the nostalgia of Gubeiting in Jingkou has the same meaning? What do they all mean?
(Obviously, the word "zhong" in "Looking at China" refers to the land of the Central Plains)
(2) Which sentences in the word praise Sun Quan?
(clear: "I am young and rich, and the fighting in the southeast has never stopped." "Children should be like Sun Zhongmou." )
Further Reading: The Essentials of Preparing Lessons for "Looking Back on the Past at the Le Jing Pavilion in Yongyu"
Yi Li Guanshi Lee: "If you are crowned, you should respect its name."
Sun Quan 19 years old inherited his father's business, and Chibi was 27 years old when he won. He was praised for "appointing people on their merits" (Sun Ce) and "respecting the virtuous and being polite" (Lu Su).
Emperor Wu of the Southern Song Dynasty was born in a poor family, and his mother died of illness after giving birth. His father, Liu Qiao, was unable to ask the wet nurse to feed Emperor Wu of Song, and once planned to abandon him. Later, because Liu Huai's mother helped him and raised Emperor Wu of Song, he was able to survive, so he was nicknamed "Send Slave".
Yuanjia was the title of Liu Yilong and Song Wendi in the Southern Dynasties. Although Liu Yilong is the son of Emperor Wu of Song, he is not his father. During his administration, he made three northern expeditions, but none of them succeeded. After the failure of Yuanjia's Northern Expedition was recorded in Zi Tong Zhi Jian, it was commented: "It was precisely because of the depression in the city that Yuanjia's politics declined." The Book of Southern Qi says, "In the last years of Yuanjia, there was a famine in Qingzhou, and people ate each other." After the failure of Yuan Jia's Northern Expedition, domestic latent contradictions broke out in an all-round way. Soon after, in 453 AD, he was killed.
Han Biaozhou's hasty Northern Expedition was a complete failure. Cheng Jue, who witnessed Song Jun's rout, concluded: "None of them were predicted by Xin Qiji three years ago."
Beaver Temple was also called "Wei Temple" at that time.
Beaver is probably the "wolf" of Altaic language family.
Since Jiaxuan returned to the south, it has been excluded and suppressed for many years because of its embarrassing position of "belonging to the right person" and its attitude of "speaking frankly and not catering to it". It was not until Ning Zongjiatai's third year (1203) that he urged Han Biaozhou, the prime minister of the Northern Expedition, to use him as a "scholar-bureaucrat", and Xin Qiji was reused. In the second year, he was promoted to Mo Bao Pavilion, and served as the magistrate of Zhenjiang Prefecture, a military town at the frontier of the Northern Expedition. Jia Xuan was 66 years old when he wrote the word Yong Yu Le, but he still hoped to serve his country. Unfortunately, Han Biaozhou, who was eager for success, refused to accept his plan of delaying tactics, and the villain provoked it, which greatly disappointed Jiaxuan.
One sighs that the hero has not been found, the other sighs that the country is in trouble, the third sighs that time waits for no one, and the fourth sighs that there is no way to serve the country.