Introduction to the Works of Farewell to Yuan: Chapter 6 and Chapter 5 of Chapter 18
"Farewell to Eighteen Poems and Sixteen Chapters (Guilin Bo, Laurel Observer Leaves)" was written by Han Yu, and was selected as the whole Tang Poetry 34 1 volume.
The original "Farewell to Yuan, Chapter 6 of Chapter 18, Part 5"
Farewell to Eighteen Laws and Six Poems (5)
(Guilin Bo and Gui Guan observation ambassador Pei Ye)
Author: Yu
Not many people suffer from reading, just as the meaning is unclear.
Enough is enough, so don't learn. You can't study if you have enough.
There are four beauties in the child, and it is really great and glorious.
The crown should not be neglected, and it is not suitable for future generations.
I refuse the South China Sea. I can't help flying.
A Brief Introduction to the Author of Farewell to Yuan's Six Chapters of Eighteen Chapters
Han Yu (768-824), born in Luoyang, was named Han Changli, Han Libu and Han Wengong. Lonely at the age of three, raised by her sister-in-law, Zhenyuan is a scholar. Zeng Guandu admonished, Yangshan ordered, assistant minister of punishments, assistant minister of Chaozhou secretariat, assistant minister of official department, and died as assistant minister of rites. Politically, they don't approve of the reform idea, and they also oppose the separatist regime in the buffer region. Respect Confucianism and oppose Buddhism, and care more about the sufferings of the people.
In literature, Han Yu advocated learning the prose tradition of Qin and Han dynasties, actively advocated the movement of ancient prose, and put forward the views of "literature carries Taoism" and "integration of literature and Taoism" On Teachers and An Interpretation of Learning are all famous works. Korean poetry strives to be innovative, magnificent and unique in style, which has a great influence on the creation of Song poetry until the Qing Dynasty. There is a collection of Mr. Changli.
Comparison of Tradition between Six Chapters and Five Chapters in Farewell to Yuan Eighteen Chapters
Volume 341-1:Farewell to Yuan Baxie, Lu Shou and Wu Qi Han Yu.
Not many people suffer from reading, just as the meaning is unclear.
Enough is enough, so don't learn. You can't study if you have enough.
There are four beauties in the child, and it is really great and glorious.
The crown should not be neglected, and it is not suitable for future generations.
I refuse the South China Sea. I can't help flying.
Appreciation of Farewell to Yuan's Six Chapters of Eighteen Chapters
This is a farewell poem written by Han Yu when he was demoted to Chaozhou. This poem first puts forward its own philosophical point of view around the problem of knowing and doing in learning, then praises Yuan's accomplishment and achievements in this respect, and finally laments that he was relegated to the tide and could not help Yuan soar. The main features of this poem are profundity in popularity and deep affection in simplicity.
From the beginning of the poem, from the height of rationality, this paper puts forward "four troubles" in learning: one is not reading much, the other is unclear, the third is complacent, and the fourth is knowing but not doing it. These "four troubles" are four links that are both related and different in the learning process. Among them, whether you can know that reading more than reading less is mainly a question of understanding; Whether we can deeply understand the content of the book is mainly a matter of method; Whether you can be diligent and enjoy it is mainly a matter of attitude; Whether the knowledge can be put into practice after learning is mainly a matter of purpose. In the poet's view, "knowing" and "doing" should be unified and a complete dynamic process. Its starting point is reading and its end point is practice. Between the starting point and the end point, there must be deep thinking and an insatiable spirit to form "knowledge". It is worth noting that the poet inadvertently expanded the scope of knowledge from "reading" in the first couplet to "learning" in the couplet, thus including all kinds of knowledge other than books.
In the process of learning, people should pay attention to many things, such as exploration, inquiry, inquiry, verification and recording. And the poet specially put forward four aspects: reading, meaning, fatigue and practice, because these four aspects are the most critical links in the process of reading. Book knowledge is the accumulation of predecessors' long-term practical experience, and it is impossible for people to acquire knowledge through practice in everything, so reading is a shortcut to acquire knowledge. However, reading without really understanding its spiritual essence is tantamount to not reading, so it must be clearly defined; "Life is limited, knowledge is infinite" (in Lao Tzu's language). Facing the ocean with limited life and boundless knowledge, we must have an insatiable learning attitude and a desire to be diligent and eager to learn, so the enemy of learning is complacency and stagnation; The ultimate goal of learning is to put it into practice and guide action. This is the destination of knowledge, so "it is impossible to learn from patients." The poet deliberately grasped these four aspects and emphasized them, thus gaining the essence of the process of seeking knowledge.
The main idea of this poem is to affirm and praise Yuan's knowledge and profundity. But the author didn't praise him at first, but put forward the philosophy of learning first, which has deep reasons. Confucius is quoted in Xunzi Zidao as saying: "A gentleman knows what he knows, but he doesn't know what he doesn't know: his words are important." People who can say they can do it, but can't say they can't: they can do it to the extreme. Words are wisdom, deeds are benevolence, wisdom is benevolence, and it is not evil. "It is not difficult to see that how to correctly handle the problem of knowing and doing is not only a question of learning, but also a question of how to be a man and an important criterion for measuring a person's behavior. Han Yu, who has always regarded himself as the way of Confucius and Mencius, of course insists on observing people and things around him with such standards. At the beginning of his poem, he put forward such a standard to measure the 18th Yuan Dynasty, and reached a satisfactory conclusion of his "four beauties", which raised the affirmation and praise of the 18th Yuan Dynasty to the height of the principle and seriousness of orthodoxy, thus greatly enhancing the weight of this affirmation and praise, and drawing a clear line between adhering to the standard of praise and unprincipled support.
The concept of knowing and doing advocated by Han Yu mainly focuses on personal behavior cultivation, which is different from the social practice mentioned today in principle and fails to point out the dialectical unity of knowing and doing. But it is commendable that the ancients could recognize and emphasize the unity of knowledge and action. In feudal society, few people can understand and ask questions in this way, and even fewer people can practice it in this way. Because of this, young people who are deeply loved by poets like Yuan Shiba have not been trusted and reused. The exclamation of "I reject the South China Sea and fly helpless" reveals the poet's deep sorrow for this phenomenon.