Chapter 1: "Look at wheat cutting"
Bai Juyi (Tang)
The Tian family has less leisure in the month, and people are twice as busy in May.
In the evening, the south wind rises and the wheat turns yellow.
Mother-in-law is rich in food, and children are full of pot pulp.
Go with Tian Xiang. Ding Zhuang is in Nangang.
Filled with the heat of the country, the back was scorched by the sun.
I don't know about the heat, but I regret the long summer.
There is a poor woman with a child on her back.
Grab the ear with your right hand and hang the basket with your left arm.
Listening to his words of concern is very sad.
The family lost all their taxes, so they took this to satisfy their hunger.
Today, I have no merit, and I have never worked in farming and mulberry.
There are three hundred stones in the land, and there is surplus food at the age of eight.
I am ashamed to read this in private, and I can't forget it every day.
Chapter two: "harem ci"
Bai Juyi (Tang)
Tears wet Luo Jin's dream of not being able to sleep. Late at night, I heard a rhythmic song coming from the lobby.
Beauty is not old, has lost the elegance of the king, and sat on warm clothes until dawn.
Chapter 3: Early Spring
Bai Juyi (Tang)
The snow melts and the ice is released, and the scenery is complicated.
The fields of the whole stadium are wet and the leaves are rooted in the walls.
The official residence is quiet and the door is closed to the west.
Who do you want to talk to if you don't open Zhuang Lao Juan?
Chapter Four: Peach Blossoms in Dalin Temple
Bai Juyi (Tang)
The world in April is full of beauty,
Peach blossoms in the mountain temple are in full bloom.
I hate that spring is nowhere to be found,
I don't know how it got like this.
Chapter five: "Dream of New Poetry"
Bai Juyi (Tang)
It's cool in the pool tonight, so I don't want to teach you anything.
When the new words in Fairy Palace arrive, they will play music as a movement.
Chapter six: Memories of Huangfu Shi in early winter.
Bai Juyi (Tang)
Cold bamboo wind rhymes, and fallen leaves pile up in deserted streets.
If you want to find couplets, have a warm and cold cup first.
Wear a hat to welcome the frost, and open the furnace because of the test fire.
There will be guests from time to time, but you won't come.
Analysis of Bai Juyi's Personal Works
Theme concentration is one of the artistic features of Bai Juyi's satirical poems. Bai Juyi usually only chooses the most typical thing, highlights a theme, and the theme is very clear. In order to convey the theme to readers more clearly, you can add a small preface under the title of the poem to indicate the theme, or "show your will" to highlight the theme. Secondly, the artistic features of Bai poetry are also reflected in the portrayal of characters. Bai Juyi can grasp the characteristics of characters and outline vivid and vivid characters by line drawing. However, Bai Juyi's poems are not simple. Bai Juyi often entrusts meaning in simple sentences and has achieved amazing artistic effects. The poem "Light Fat" describes the spirit of the inner ministers, doctors and generals attending the meeting and the richness of wine and food at the table, but the conclusion reads: "At the age of 20, there was a drought in the south of the Yangtze River, and people in Quzhou ate people." This is a tragic scene.
Leisure poems and allegorical poems are two kinds of poems that Bai Juyi pays special attention to. Both of them have the characteristics of respecting reality, vulgarity and doing whatever it takes, but they are quite different in content and mood. Irony poems aim at "supporting the two", which are closely related to social politics and write more about lofty sentiments and excitement; The original intention of leisure poetry is "being alone", "being content with harmony and giving full play to one's temperament" (Yu Yuan's nine books), thus showing an indifferent, peaceful and leisurely state of mind.
Bai Juyi's leisurely poems have a great influence on later generations. Their simple language style and indifferent and leisurely mood have been praised repeatedly. However, in contrast, the ideas of retiring from politics, being content with the status quo, and "being at leisure" in these poems, as well as the attitude of returning to Buddhism and imitating Tao Yuanming's life, have far-reaching influence because they are more in line with the psychology of later literati. For example, Bai Juyi has "Fighting for two snail horns, you get a dime a dozen" (the seventh song of Let's Drink Seven Songs), "What's fighting for the snail horns, you should send this body in the firelight of the stone" (the second song of Drinking Five Songs) and "Notes on the snail horns" (the eighth volume of Wu Zenggaizhai's Essays). That is to say, on the basis of the names given by the Song people, "the names of drunkards, pedants and Dongpo all come from Bai Letian's poems" (Gong Yizheng's "Notes on Mustard Seeds"). Zhou Bida, a poet in the Song Dynasty, pointed out: "Su Wenzhong, a loyal minister in this dynasty, did not pay much attention to permission, only loved Lotte and wrote poems many times. Gage's articles are all about words, but they are honest and generous, outspoken, full of words, affectionate with people and indifferent to things. Living in Huangzhou, the first name is Dongpo, which must have started from Lotte Zhongzhou. " ("Poems of Erlaotang") All these show the influence track of Bai Juyi and his poems.
Poetry theory
Bai Juyi's thought integrates Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, with Confucianism as the leading factor. Mencius said that "if you are rich, you will help the world, and if you are poor, you will be immune to it" is the creed that Bai Juyi followed all his life. His ambition of "helping the world and the people" is mainly based on Confucian benevolent policies, including the theory of Huang Lao, the technique of treating filial piety and the method of applying Korea; His mind of "being alone" draws lessons from Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi's ideas of contentment, uniformity and freedom and Buddhism's thought of "liberation". The two are roughly bounded by Bai's demotion of Jiangzhou Sima. Bai Juyi not only left nearly 3,000 poems, but also put forward a whole set of poetic theories. Bai Juyi compared poetry to a fruit tree and put forward the viewpoint of "root feeling, Miao character, Watson and true meaning" (nine books are the same). Bai Juyi believes that "emotion" is the fundamental condition for writing poetry. "Those who move people, don't care about it first" (Yuan Jiu Shu), the generation of emotion is helpful and tied up with current politics. Therefore, poetry creation cannot be divorced from reality, but must be based on various events in real life and reflect the social and political situation of an era. He inherited the tradition of "comparing beauty" since the Book of Songs, and attached importance to the realistic content and social function of poetry. Emphasize that role of poetry in exposing and criticize political abuses. He put forward a series of principles in the method of poetry expression. In Nine Books with the Same Origin, he put forward the famous principle of realistic creation: "Articles should be written in time, and poems should be written for things".
Bai Juyi's poetic theory is of progressive significance for urging poets to face up to reality and care about people's livelihood. It has also had an important influence on the poetic style that has gradually paid attention to form since Dali (766 ~ 779). However, overemphasizing the subordination of poetry creation to the needs of real politics will inevitably constrain the artistic creation and style diversification of poetry.