The author of "Collection of Sorrow for the Past" is Du Fu, who was selected as No.219 18 of the whole Tang poetry. This seven-character ancient poem was written in 76 1 year (the second year of shangyuan). At that time, Du Fu lived in a thatched cottage in Chengdu, and his life was extremely poor. He had to act as a shogun, raising people's noses and making ends meet. However, the poet's consistent noble moral integrity made it difficult for him to "destroy his eyebrows and bend down to serve the powerful", so he was given a cold shoulder, quite dissatisfied and filled with emotion.
The original text of Regret for the Past
A hundred worries gather (Wang Yunshi: "A hundred worries gather to break people's intestines")
Author: Tang Du Fu
I remember when I was fifteen, I was a child, as healthy as a yellow calf.
Pear and jujube are ripe in August before the court, and the tree day can return to a thousand times.
That is to say, it's 50 now, and there are only a few rows left to stand.
Smile for the host (4) and watch the collection of life troubles sadly.
The door is still empty, and my wife thinks I am the same color.
Idiot doesn't know the father-son ceremony. His name is Nutimen Dong Qi.
Notes on Regret for the Past
(1) The mind is still a child: the mind is immature and still looks like a child. When Du Fu was fourteen or fifteen years old, he was compared to Ban Gu and Yang Xiong by writers at that time. It turned out that he was still so naive at that time.
(2) calf: calf. Jane: Those are the next two sentences.
(3) Walk less and stand less: Walking less and standing less indicates poor health.
(4) strong: pronunciation. Strong generals laugh: it is better to laugh than not to laugh, and Du Fu is a guest and depends on others, so there is unspeakable pain. Really: "There are tears in the voice, but there is no sound in the tears". Host: Generally speaking, it refers to all people who have asked for help.
5] Still: the word mourning. Although I can do everything, I still can't get help from others. I am only poor.
My wife is worried when she sees me so sad.
Once in ancient times, the kitchen door was in the east. These two sentences describe the childishness of children and Du Fu's kindness and sadness. He himself said a long time ago: "Being a father is a shame, and no food leads to death." (Chanting 500 words from Beijing to Fengxian) But it is this positive practice that makes Du Fu have a deep understanding and sympathy for the people.
Translation of Regret for the Past
When I was young, I was carefree, healthy and energetic. I am really full of energy. When pears and dates are ripe, young Du Fu picks them from trees frequently, at least 1000 times a day. But I think I sit and lie more and stand less because I am old, weak and inconvenient to move. I don't want to bow my head all my life and greet my master with a smile when I am old. I can't help feeling sad and full of sadness. As soon as I entered the house, the wall of my house was still empty, and there was no surplus grain at home, so I was as poor as a church mouse. An old couple, relatively silent, with a worried and tired face. Only idiots are naive, hungry and crying for food at the door of the east kitchen.
Appreciation of Regret for the Past
The first sentence does not talk about troubles, only about happiness; Don't talk about being old, just say that you remember less. At the same time, we can see a fragment of his teenage life from this poem. When the poet recalled his youth, he was carefree, healthy and full of energy. He was really full of vigor. The so-called "healthy as a calf" is a vivid portrayal. In the Qing Dynasty, Yang Lun called this sentence "absolutely, just to set off the following" (Volume 8 of Du's Jingquan). Pear and jujube are ripe in August before the court, and the tree day can return to a thousand times. That is, when pears and jujubes are ripe, young Du Fu frequently goes to the trees to pick them, 1000 times a day. The so-called "a thousand times" is just an exaggerated tone, meaning more. Young Du Fu's "Heart is still a Child" is very apt, showing that a naive childlike innocence is still jumping at the age of fifteen. A word "Shang" sums up Du Fu's innocence, liveliness and loveliness from childhood to adolescence. The poet grasped the temperament and personality characteristics of teenagers and vividly outlined them with jumping strokes. Here, it is not aimlessly expressing the teenager's self, nor joyfully praising the teenager's self, but sadly recalling the carefree life of the teenager's self, which deeply contains the feelings of grief and indignation. The beginning of this poem by Yang Lun is: "It's not too straightforward to vent one's anger." ("Du Shi Jing Quan" Volume 8)
"That is to say, it is fifty now, and only a few rows can sit and lie down." Although the poet used the word "suddenly", the reader can imagine the vicissitudes of fifteen to fifty years. Because of old age and infirmity, it is inconvenient to move, so I sit and lie more and stand less. At this time, I am very weak, but I can't rest. Because I don't have a life, I still have to go in and out of the bureaucratic door, observe words and deeds, and support my family. I don't want to bow my head all my life and greet my master with a smile when I am old. The inner pain is self-evident. I can't help but feel sad and full of sadness, and let out a sigh of "sad to see my life's worries". This is the crowning touch of the whole poem, which condenses the poet's feelings in the word "sadness". It is sad not only because of old age, not only because of poverty, but also because of its dependence on others and its lack of independent value. Especially sad, the poet is not sad for a while, but sad for a lifetime. I mourn for the people all my life. Regret for the Past has a high degree of generality and is the main line of the whole poem. It echoes the title of the poem, is sad because of the tragic situation in the past, is related to the old embarrassment at that time, and has inheritance in structure. From this perspective, it is a good start to write a note for the specific description of family poverty below. "Introduction is empty, and my wife sees my color. The idiot didn't know the father-son ceremony, which made him angry and asked for food and called the door east. " Write about the sad scenery at home. As soon as I entered the house, the wall of my house was still empty, and there was no surplus grain at home, so I was as poor as a church mouse. An old couple, relatively silent, with a worried and tired face. Only an idiot is naive and hungry, facing the kitchen door in the east, crying and begging for food. After the poet's specific description, his sadness and pain are in front of him. In order to express complex feelings, poets use numbers to strengthen sad situations and feelings. For example, the proportion of "fifteen" and "fifty" in the poem divides the two eras of self. Fruits are ripe in August, and trees climb thousands of times a day, which describes the sensitivity, activity and innocence of fifteen-year-old boys. Writing a collection of worries with "four walls empty" enriches the content of worries. Comparing "healthy as a yellow calf" with "sitting and lying more", "walking back" with "standing less", "laughing badly" with "sad to see life", we can see the depth of the sad atmosphere. What is particularly sad is that the poet compares his childlike innocence with his idiot. When I was young, I had no worries about food and clothing, but I didn't expect my son to be hungry and cry. In the poet's pen, he not only faithfully expressed his bleak situation, but also vividly wrote the expressions and gestures of his wife and idiot, which was very human.
Du Fu said that his works are good at "depression and frustration" in "Entering the Carving Form". This is also reflected in the collection of troubles. It is "sorrowful and generous, depressed in the middle" and "gloomy and desolate, jumping and turbulent" (Chen Tingzhuo's "Baiyuzhai Thorn" Volume I). The poet's unfortunate experience, personal experience and inner pain have become emotional streams in his poems. It whirled, stirred and wailed bitterly for a long time.
A brief introduction to the author of "Worry Collection"
Du Fu (7 12-770) was born in Gongxian County (now Gongyi, Henan Province). Du Fu's great-grandfather (Du Fu's father) moved from Xiangyang (now Hubei) to Gongxian (now Gongyi, Henan). A great realistic poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He is concerned about the country and the people and has a noble personality. About 65,438+0,500 of his poems have been preserved, and his poetic skills are exquisite. His influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poetry is also called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are both called "Du Li". In order to distinguish it from the other two poets, Li Shangyin and Du Mu, namely "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li".
Du Fu's poems are called "the history of poetry" because many of his poems are depressed and worried about the country and the people. Du Fu's poems are good at classical style and rhythmic poetry, and have various styles. He accurately summed up his work style with the words "depressed and frustrated", mainly focusing on depression. Du Fu lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty. Most of his poems involve social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings. His poems reflected the social contradictions and people's sufferings at that time. His poems recorded the historical changes of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, and expressed the lofty Confucian spirit of benevolence and strong sense of hardship, so they were called "the history of poetry". Du Fu is concerned about the country and the people, with noble personality and exquisite poetic skills. Du Fu wrote more than 1500 poems in his life, many of which are famous works that have been handed down from generation to generation, such as Three Officials, Three Farewells and Du Gongbu Collection. Among them, the "three officials" are Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an official and Tongguan official, and the "three farewell" are newly married, homeless and resigned. Du Fu's poems handed down from generation to generation are the most extensive in the Tang Dynasty, and he is one of the most outstanding poets in the Tang Dynasty, which has a far-reaching influence on later generations. Du Fu's works are called human scars and sages in poetry. The people are in poverty, and the bottom of the pen is turbulent.
Du Fu is good at using many systems of classical poetry and creatively developing them. He is the pioneer of the new Yuefu poetry style. His Yuefu poems contributed to the development of the new Yuefu movement in the middle Tang Dynasty. His "May 7th" ancient novel, which is also a history of poetry, begins to narrate and focus on the whole story, marking the high achievement of China's poetry art. Du Fu also showed extraordinary creativity in the May 7th law, and accumulated complete artistic experience in the aspects of temperament, antithesis and refining words and sentences, which made this genre reach a fully mature stage. Du Gongbu has been handed down from generation to generation. His works include Imperial Army Recovering the Banks of the Yellow River, Wang Chun, Jueju and Wang Yue.
Comparison of Chinese and Western Medicine in Regret for the Past
"All Tang Poems" Volume 2 19_ 18 A collection of worries (all the worries in Wang Yun's poems are heartbreaking) Du Fu
Recalling that I was a child at the age of fifteen, I was as healthy as a yellow calf.
Pear and jujube are ripe in August before the court, and the tree day can return to a thousand times.
It is suddenly 50, and there are only a few rows of sitting and lying.
Strong laughter is the host, and sadness is regarded as a collection of life troubles.
The door is still empty, and my wife thinks I am the same color.
Idiot doesn't understand the father-son ceremony, which makes him angry and crows at the door for food.