The poem "An Ding Tower" expresses the author's firm mind of despising and laughing at the contemptuous villain, although his career was blocked and he was slandered by some people, which fully embodies the author's lofty ambition and enterprising spirit in his youth. The following is an appreciation of Li Shangyin's "An Ding Tower", which I carefully arranged. Welcome to share.
Li Shangyin's "Anding Tower" was originally written.
It was handed over to a hundred-foot building in the high city, with green poplar branches outside Tingzhou.
Jia Sheng cried when he was young, but Wang Can traveled further in spring.
I always remember that the rivers and lakes are white-haired, and I want to go back to heaven and earth and get into a boat.
I don't know what a rotten mouse tastes like, but I suspect that the young have not stopped.
Appreciation of Li Shangyin's "An Ding Tower"
In 838 AD, Li Shangyin failed in the examination of erudite macro-words, and returned to the shogunate of Wang Maoyuan, our ambassador to Jingyuan, to write the poem "An Ding Tower".
Jing Yuanzhou, located in the north of Jingchuan County, Gansu Province today, is under the jurisdiction of Jingyuan Prefecture. Because Jingyuan in Tang Dynasty was Anding County in Sui Dynasty, the poem is still called "Anding Tower".
it's a hundred-foot building in the high city, and Tingzhou is beyond the green poplar branches. Tiaodi: This description of the building is high and continuous. Ting Zhou: Ting refers to the land near the water.
Jia Sheng cried when he was young, but Wang Can traveled further in spring. Jia Sheng: It refers to Jia Yi, a native of the Western Han Dynasty. Jia Yi was proficient in hundred schools of thought when he was young, and was called as a doctor by Emperor Wen. Jia Yi presented the Public Security Policy to Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, and thought that "current affairs can be one for those who cry bitterly, two for those who cry bitterly, and six for those who breathe too much", and put forward many policies. But Wendi didn't take his advice and demoted him to Changsha. Later, Jia Yi vomited blood and died at the age of 33. Li Shangyin was 27 years old, comparing himself with Jia Sheng. Wang Can: A native of the late Eastern Han Dynasty, one of the seven sons of Jian 'an. When Wang Can was young, he lived in Jingzhou and attached himself to Liu Biao, but he was unsuccessful. Li Shangyin compared himself with Wang Can, who was living in a sponsor's house.
I always remember that the rivers and lakes are white-haired, and I want to go back to heaven and earth and get into a boat. In the Spring and Autumn Period, after Fan Li assisted Gou Jian, the King of Yue, to destroy Wu, he retired to the Five Lakes by boat. Li Shangyin used this allusion to say that he always wanted to retire to the Jianghu when he was old, but he had to wait until he had finished the cause of governing the country and made a name for himself.
I don't know what a rotten mouse tastes like, but I suspect that the young have not stopped. The young is a phoenix-like bird in ancient legends. According to legend, Hui Shi became the state minister of Liang, and Zhuangzi went to visit him. Someone told Hui Shi: "Zhuangzi came to Liang and wanted to replace you as prime minister." Hui Shi was so scared that he searched the capital for three days and nights. Zhuangzi went to see him and said, "There is a kind of bird in the south. Its name is Goose Grass Bird. Do you know? Goose birds take off from the South China Sea and fly to the North Sea. It's not that plane trees don't live, that bamboo fruits don't eat, and that sweet spring water doesn't drink. At this time, the owl picked up a rotten mouse, and the young bird flew in front of it. The owl looked up at the grass bird and made a roar. Now you also want to scare me with your status as Prime Minister of Liang? "
Li Shangyin compared himself with Zhuangzi, saying that he has lofty aspirations, and he is not attracted to the rich people in official positions, but those who are arrogant are treated with the hearts of villains.
An Ding Tower is one of Li Shangyin's masterpieces of seven laws, and it is a political lyric poem. When writing poetry, Li Shangyin was 26 years old, and his career was blocked. He took refuge in Wang Maoyuan, our time in Jingyuan, and was recruited as a son-in-law by Wang Maoyuan. At that time, Wang Maoyuan belonged to the Li Party. It is said that it is for this reason that Li Shangyin was ostracized by the ruling cattle party when he took the exam of erudition and macro-rhetoric. This poem was written when I returned to Jingzhou after losing the exam.
Legend has it that Wang Anshi liked Li Shangyin's poems very much in his later years, thinking that Li Shangyin was the only one who was the most successful in learning Du Fu in the Tang Dynasty. Every time Wang Anshi reads "I will always remember the rivers and lakes and return to white hair, and I want to go back to heaven and earth and get into a boat", I say that even Du Fu can't surpass this poem.
Appreciation of Li Shangyin's "A Tower of Stability" II
Among Li Shangyin's seven laws, this poem is written with boldness of vision, which shows the lofty ambition and enterprising spirit of youth. Although his career was blocked and he was slandered by some people, he was not discouraged, but despised and laughed at the contemptuous little people. Allusions are often used in his poems, which is the characteristic of his poems, but this poem is smooth and lively. Cai Kuan-fu's Poems contains: Wang Jinggong's poems about Yishan in his later years, thinking that Yishan was the only one who learned from Lao Du in the Tang Dynasty. Every time I recite it, I will always remember the boat and so on, although Lao Du can't go beyond it. A Review of Li Yishan's Poems quoted Zhu Yizun as saying, "The beginning is full of frustration, and the ending is especially obvious.". In the sixth sentence, Youqi, later generations can't do it, and they can't solve it. Ji Yun said, "It's a work of stabbing fellow travelers with suspicion. Zhao Wei Zhan Yan: This poem has a clear vein and a sentence style like Du Fu. Playing with the last sentence is like a taboo in the curtain. However, the use of things is miscellaneous and does not match the former.
This is a political lyric poem, which was written in the third year of Tang Wenzong Kaicheng (838), when the poet was twenty-six. Anding City, namely Jingzhou (now Jingchuan, Gansu), was then the seat of Wang Maoyuan, our envoy from Jingyuan. Three years ago, Li Shangyin's career was blocked, and he went all the way to vote for Wang Maoyuan, who was also recruited as his son-in-law. At that time, Wang Maoyuan belonged to the Li Party. It is said that it is for this reason that Li Shangyin was ostracized by the ruling cattle party when he took the exam of erudition and macro-rhetoric. This poem was written when I returned to Jingzhou after losing the exam. The poem mainly describes the poet's own interest in making contributions, the anguish of his lack of talent and the indignation of being unjustly accused. It is a true portrayal of the unfortunate experiences and painful feelings of young scholars in the clique struggle in the late Tang Dynasty.
the first couplet deducts the topic, and writes what you see when you go upstairs. The couplet is based on the situation of the ancients. Jia Yi presented the "Public Security Policy" for Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, which reflected the current situation and contained words of crying and sighing. Wang Can traveled a long way to avoid the chaos in Jingzhou, and voted for Liu Biao to write "The Ode to the Building"; Both of them have the pain of being incompetent. Poets use Du Fu's sentence of mourning for Wang Can when he went to the country and crying for Jia Sheng when he was injured, which is more specific and emotional. A empty word in the previous sentence is not only a pity for Jia Yi's unsold advice and talents, but also a lament for his own helplessness in serving the country. In the next sentence, Wang Can traveled to Jingzhou at the age of seventeen, was not reused for fifteen years, and his ideal of being one of the kings of Hebei finally failed, and he died young, which expressed his worries about his future. The Necklace Association changed from worrying about time and feeling sorry for things, to expressing interest. Among them, it used the allusion that Fan Lifu, the king of Yue, took a boat and floated in the rivers and lakes after Gou Jian destroyed Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Eternal memory means persistent yearning. The positive attitude of this alliance towards joining the WTO won Wang Anshi's admiration in the Song Dynasty, thinking that although Lao Du could do nothing more. However, the poet's love for fame and fortune rather than abdication was repeatedly distorted in the environment of cronyism, so the poet sang the couplet angrily. The use of the allusions written in Zhuangzi Qiushui that the eagle's beak contains rotten rats, and the pheasant is disdainful, is both a self-confession and a cold irony. It is not for the sake of a mere position to show that you are knowledgeable in the exam. To cast a curtain from afar and marry Wang is not to climb a higher branch in order to make a fortune. For those rich and powerful people, they are extremely angry with the villain's heart and make groundless rumors and slanders.
The greatest feature of the whole poem is that it makes the classic use lyrical. The four allusions can fit one's identity, situation and thoughts and feelings; But also interrelated and well-conceived. For example, the allusions of Jia Yi and Wang Can used by Zhuan Lian, first, they are similar in age to themselves, and they are all energetic youth; Second, the experience is similar to their own, and they are all crying in vain and traveling further; Third, the structure of the neck and tail joint is compact, and the neck joint uses the classic of Fan Li, which is a positive explanation of the purpose of weeping and traveling far, while the tail joint's song of avoiding phoenix is a sketch of others' distortion of weeping and traveling far. In addition, there are many changes in the way this poem is used. Jia Yi and Wang Can's canon are used clearly, but they are accurate and deep. Fan Li's songs are hidden, but fortunately, intentionally or unintentionally; The canon of "Zhuangzi" is flexible, but it is dexterous and fluent. It is precisely because of the implicit and profound lyrical expression of ambition through the use of canon that Anding Tower has become one of Li Shangyin's masterpieces of seven laws.
Appreciation of Li Shangyin's "An Ding Tower" III
This poem was written by Li Shangyin, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, when he was young, which truly reflected the poet's painful feelings of holding a sharp weapon but relying on others to do nothing.
The author Li Shangyin once claimed to belong to the same clan as the royal family in the Tang Dynasty, which has been shown many times in his poems. However, this did not bring him any practical benefits. Li Shangyin's poor life in his early years had a great influence on the formation of his character and ideas. On the one hand, he is eager to be an official as soon as possible to honor his ancestors. On the other hand, his early experience made him develop a melancholy, sensitive and lofty character. Linghu Chu is another important figure in Li Shangyin's study career. With the help of Ling Huchu, Li Shangyin learned how to get along well with people who have status and appreciate their talents. In the second year of Kaicheng (837), with the support and recommendation of Hu Ling and his son, Li Shangyin finally became a scholar after two failures. But ling huchu died soon. While losing his mentor, Li Shangyin also lost his dependence.
Soon after, Li Shangyin entered the stage at the invitation of Wang Maoyuan, our ambassador to Jingyuan, and married Wang Maoyuan's daughter. Even when Li Shangyin was still immersed in the joy of his wedding, some people began to scold Li Shangyin for being "ungrateful" and "secretive and intangible". The voice that scolded him came from the "Niu Party". In terms of political orientation, Hu Ling's family is closer to the "Niudang". Wang Mao Yuan Ze was regarded as the backbone of the "Li Party" by the Niu Party. It was hard to understand and accept that Li Shangyin had become the son-in-law of the Wangs at the sight of the Hu Ling family who had cultivated Li Shangyin. Li Shangyin's marriage is simply a betrayal of the "Niudang". Li Shangyin has a hard time arguing. He didn't expect that his personal marriage would bring such unpredictable consequences, and he has been in an awkward position for the rest of his life.
The poem Anding Tower was written after the poet returned to Jingzhou. At that time, the 26-year-old poet lived in the curtain of Wang Maoyuan. The curse from the Niudang is getting higher and higher, and the frustrated poet boarded the Jingzhou Tower and wrote this poem immediately.
"Climbing the towering Anding Tower, I saw endless city walls; Nearby are willows and willows, and there are sandbars in the distance. Jia Yi is young and talented, and can't be reused, but only shed tears; Wang Can is full of knowledge, but when spring comes, he can only travel from afar. My long-cherished wish in my life is to reverse Gankun and make the world peaceful and prosperous; Take a boat and retire to the Jianghu with white hair. Unexpectedly, the rotten mouse is also regarded as a delicious eagle; Unexpectedly, there is endless suspicion, and the Phoenix is just like them ... "
The poem's first couplet begins with a description of the scenery, and the city is wide and the building is high, but it is full of greenery and the weather is open. Taking care of such a magnificent scenery as usual will naturally lead to the lofty sentiments of "emptying a crane to row clouds, and then attracting poetry to the blue clouds". However, when a poet with a frustrated career boarded the high city and looked around, he saw that the city walls were continuous and the towers were towering, and the willows on the side of the building were swaying with the wind, and the willows were everywhere, which were little sandbars among the vast waves. I wanted to relieve my depression by climbing high, but I felt lonely and small under the high city. "Green poplar" piles of cigarettes, which is even more hazy and blurred; Outside the forest, "Ting Zhou" feels even more misty! The poet's vision is broad, but his mood is depressed. At this moment, the poet seems to have no intention to appreciate the beautiful scenery in front of him, but the beautiful scenery has further stimulated the author's depressed mood, and the poet has turned to pour out his inner world. The scenery is full of emotion, and it melts into the scenery. In the bold and open atmosphere, it is full of blurred and boundless atmosphere, which naturally leads to the sadness and anger of the bottom allied.
Poets use allusions in couplets. Facing the vast land, they can't help but think of similar experiences with themselves. Jia Yi and Wang Can, a word of "emptiness", are not only a pity for Jia Yi's advice and suggestions, but also an indignation that they have no way to serve the country. The word "Geng" is not only a sympathy for Wang Can who is full of knowledge but not reused and travels far to Jingzhou, but also a lament for living in a foreign land and relying on others. The poet compared himself with the ancients and showed his gloomy heart. It is self-evident that the poet's career is frustrated, the resentment of his talent is not met, the sorrow of being dependent on others, and the hidden worries of his bleak future are all in the canon.
Neck ties express their feelings and interests: "Always remember", often miss and always yearn for; "Jianghu belongs to white hair" is the inversion of "white hair belongs to Jianghu"; "Want to go back to heaven and earth" means "want to reverse Gan Kun and make a great cause of clarifying Yu Nei". On the basis of coming to the front and feeling the ancient times, the poet turned to express his mind directly-when he realized his ambition, he retired and retired to the rivers and lakes for the rest of his life. The poet's lofty aspirations and indifferent feelings can be seen from "Forever Memories, White Hair", which is more magnificent and elegant after the rendering of two pictures of "Back to Heaven and Earth" and "Into a Boat".
When the poet used the allusion at the end, he felt that it was painful for him to be trapped in the vortex of the struggle between Niu and Li, and to be excluded from the election. It's not for petty gain, it's not for suffering, but it's because great ambition is hard to achieve, and interest is lofty. No one understands this noble sentiment of the poet, but the villain guesses himself. The sorrowful poet compares himself with Zhuangzi, uses allusion to imply irony, implicates twists and turns, and his feelings of grief and indignation are beyond words. This is also a true portrayal of the unfortunate experience and painful feelings of young scholars in the clique struggle in the late Tang Dynasty!
The couplet "I want to return to heaven and earth and get into a boat" is the crowning touch and sublimation of this poem. "Jianghu" and "Boat" are expressions borrowed from Fan Li's allusions in the Spring and Autumn Period. After shaking the earth and rotating Gankun, he will have white hair floating in the boat and be quiet in the Jianghu. Always remember the rivers and lakes, that is, be indifferent to fame and fortune; If you want to return to heaven and earth, you will report your ambition to make contributions. The words "forever" and "desire" are both well used. The word "forever" strongly expresses the author's lifelong ambition; "Desire" contains the author's mental preparation for realizing grand ideals, which makes people believe that he will be self-motivated and self-disciplined because of this. Therefore, in personality, we should draw a clear line with the people who form a party to gain power and manage their own interests. Because there is no interest in remembering the rivers and lakes forever, he has become a eunuch who pursues fame and gain. Where is the ambition to return to heaven and earth? As the saying goes, only if they don't think about fame and fortune can they aspire to be so lofty and treat advance and retreat and rise and sink so calmly! Isn't that what you mean by "finally settling down in the country and going to the rivers and lakes successfully"? At the same time, from the expression form of poetry, the couplet is neat, vigorous, free and easy, and has won the characteristics of rigorous tempering and depression in Du Fu's poems. The technique draws on many talents, the poetry is elegant, the realm is high, and the meaning is deep. It is an important symbol that Li Shangyin entered the middle period of creation to win the essence of "Old Dulu Law". Li Shangyin's poem is unique, with indignation as well as sadness. In addition to sympathy for the ancients, there is also a yearning for ideals. The combination of Du Fu's profundity, Liu Zongyuan's resentment and Xu Hun's melancholy shows the poet's youthful talent, Geng Jie's character and magnanimous mind. A shocking and ambitious Li Shangyin is ready to come out!
translation
There are towers 1 feet high on the tall city wall, and outside the green poplar forest is a sandbar in the water.
Jia Yi, who was young and promising, shed tears in vain, and Wang Can, who went upstairs in spring, went on a long trip again.
I often yearn for my old age to retire to the Jianghu freely, and I want to go boating freely after turning around Gan Kun.
I didn't know that the rotten dead mouse became delicious, but I was suspicious of the hobby of the young.
Note
(1) Anding: the name of the county, namely Jingzhou (now north of Jingchuan County, Gansu Province), was the seat of our envoy in Jingyuan in the Tang Dynasty.
(2) Tiaodi: This describes the building as high and continuous. Xie Tiao's "Preaching with the King": "Take the green water and lift the Zhulou."
(3) Outside the branch: one is "on the branch". Ting Zhou: Ting refers to the land near the water, and Zhou is a continent in the water.