Teaching plan design of Hometown Ⅰ. teaching material analysis and his guiding ideology
How to prevent Chinese teaching from flattening? How to embody the hierarchy of novel teaching? How to reflect the connection between junior high school and senior high school in Chinese teaching? How to embody the knowledge of "category" and the uniqueness of "this article" in style teaching?
Thinking about the above problems is something we must think about when we start Chinese teaching in grade three. Hometown is a novel, which is its stylistic attribute. However, in the teaching of Hometown, we must transcend the novel's * * * and explore its personality characteristics. The main feature of the novel lies in fiction, which is embodied in two aspects: material selection and expression techniques. What kind of storyline to design, what kind of characters to portray and what kind of social life theme to express are all considerations of the screenwriter in content. What kind of perspective to tell, what kind of intonation to state, where the story begins, what kind of conception to use, what kind of writing method to use and what kind of environmental atmosphere to create to portray the characters are all the ingenuity of the screenwriter in artistic means.
The uniqueness of the novel in the selection of content and the application of artistic techniques is something that we must consider in the novel teaching after entering the third grade.
From the content point of view, the article Hometown describes the social reality that farmers and small private owners in China society went bankrupt rapidly during the social turmoil in towns and vast rural areas in the south of the Yangtze River from the end of 19 to the beginning of the 20th century, which brought ignorance, numbness, spiritual degeneration and a suffocating social atmosphere caused by the separation and indifference between people.
This dramatic change was absorbed by the artist by using the artistic technique of "contrast". The contrast between natural environment, social environment, characters, their own characteristics and the mood of the narrator widely reflects the changes of the whole society. This is the writer's unique artistic ingenuity.
The language of this novel is concise and convergent, gloomy and calm, humorous with ridicule, and sad without losing hope, which is Lu Xun's unique language style. Of course, this is meaningful. As long as students can feel a little and learn Lu Xun's novels, it is a good start to lay a good foundation for students to contact Lu Xun in the future.
Second, the teaching objectives
On the basis of reviewing the novel * * *, guide students to feel the artistic effect achieved by using "contrast method" in their hometown.
3. Feel the role of "contrast" in the novel's character setting, characterization and social environment description, as well as the change of the narrator's mood in the process of inquiry; Then grasp the profundity of the novel theme.
3. Feel the linguistic features of this novel: conciseness and convergence, depression and calmness, banter in humor, and hope in sadness.
4. Writing training: learn to use the artistic technique of "contrast" to express the "change" of society or someone.
Third, the focus of teaching
Discussion on the theme of the novel.
4. Study the unique application of "contrast" in novels.
3. Linguistic features of Lu Xun's novels.
Fourth, teaching ideas
1. Independent pre-reading: Junior three students can solve the problem of word accumulation and roughly perceive the content of novels by themselves, review the basic knowledge of novels they have learned before, consult relevant materials and understand the relevant background information of novel creation.
3. Inquiry method is mainly used in class: teachers throw out tasks, guide students to carry out independent cooperative inquiry, feel and understand the unique role of "contrast" in this novel, so as to understand and appreciate the unique artistic value of Lu Xun's novels.
3. Long articles and short lectures, on the basis of students' full preview, try to finish a class.
Five, the teaching process design
An import: check the preview. Students review the following knowledge:
1. What three elements must a novel have?
Character, plot and environment are the three elements of a novel, and shaping characters is the main means to reflect social life. Therefore, people are the main elements of the three elements.
2. What are the commonly used characterization methods?
Portrait, psychology, action, language description, as well as front and side description.
13. The plot of the novel plays the role of displaying characters and expressing the theme of the work, generally including:
Beginning, development, climax, ending, and some have prologue and ending.
4. Environment:
(1) Social environment: mainly explain the background of the work.
(2) natural environment; Used to set off the atmosphere and express the feelings of the characters.
5. Background of the times
After the Revolution of 1911, the autocratic government of the feudal dynasty was completely overthrown and replaced by the warlord bureaucratic rule of the landlord class. Imperialism not only manipulated China's financial and economic lifeline, but also manipulated China's political and military forces. As a result of this double oppression, the broad masses of people in China are increasingly poor. This novel was written by Lu Xun at the beginning of 19 19 12. When he returned to his hometown to meet his mother, he saw with his own eyes the shabby hometown and the poverty of farmers' lives, with mixed feelings and myriad thoughts. A year later, he wrote a novel based on this experience: Hometown.
Second, perceive the text: be familiar with the content of the text and clarify the thinking of the novel.
1. Read the text silently, get familiar with the text, and think about the clues and plot structure of the novel.
The novel takes time as the sequence, and unfolds the story with what you have seen and heard back home. The full text is divided into three parts according to the three aspects of "approaching hometown-being in hometown-leaving hometown":
(1) explains the time, place, reason and mood of going home.
What I saw and felt in my hometown: ① The loneliness of the old house made me decide to move. ② The change of "Sister-in-law Yang Er". ③ Change of interlayer soil.
(3) I left my hometown with deep disappointment and pain, pinning my hopes on the future and the next generation.
Learn the text: find out the changes and compare them.
1. Character image
(1) Character setting comparison
Who is the character in the article? Which of these characters are described in detail?
The characters depicted in this paper are: Runtu, Yang Er's sister-in-law, "me", "my mother", Shui Sheng and Honger; Among them, Runtu, Yang Er's sister-in-law and "I" have detailed descriptions.
Analyze the personality characteristics of the characters, and then make an evaluation of the characters with one or two vivid sentences.
⑵ Comparison of characters themselves: appearance, expression, language, action and situation.
⑶ Comparison of characters: juvenile leap soil and "I", middle-aged leap soil and "I"; Runtu and "I" are the same as "Yang Er's sister-in-law" and "I", the sister-in-law of young Yang Er and the sister-in-law of old Yang Er; Juvenile leap soil and "I" are the same as macro children and aquatic life.
4. Environmental description
Comparison of natural environment before and after (1).
Find out the sentences describing the environment in the text and talk about its function.
Paragraph 12: bright, beautiful and charming, and paragraph 2: gloomy, depressed and sad.
⑵ Comparison of social environment before and after.
13. Comparison of the narrator's mood before and after.
Feelings for hometown, society, other people, past and future.
In-depth discussion: turbulent society, bankrupt countryside
Guide students to explore the theme of this article in the above-mentioned "comparison" inquiry.
1. Mr. Mao Dun thinks that the theme of this novel is "Mourning the incomprehension and estrangement between people".
4. It reflects the reality of rural bankruptcy and farmers' miserable life before and after the Revolution of 1911, and reveals the root of this reality.
3. Express your desire and confidence to transform the old society and create a new life.
An analysis of the language characteristics of novels
1. Compare the language differences between the description of Runtu in the novel and that of Yang Er's sister-in-law, as well as the language features in the description of natural environment (several roots on corrugated cardboard shake when the wind blows ...)
3. Pay attention to the expressive function of lyric sentences in the text.
Summary of lesson 6: Reading out the artistic uniqueness of novels is the main manifestation of improving our artistic taste.
Homework: Take "Changed" as the topic, and show the change of a character in a comparative way, thus reflecting a certain social life.
Teaching summary Lu Xun's articles have been learned a lot, and students' reading ability is very weak. If too much time is wasted on reading, it will not only waste class hours, but also make students feel bored by aimless reading!
How to learn this text well with extraordinary length, depth and difficulty? I decided to start with the "three elements of the novel" and study the article around the characters in the novel. I started by looking for characters and followed them into the text. However, the description of Runtu is more than that of Yang Er's sister-in-law. Although students are familiar with the leap soil, it will take a relatively short time for students with relatively weak reading foundation to find and read the description of the leap soil in one class. Therefore, we should adopt the "circuitous" tactic of understanding it first.
At the beginning, I'll start with the characters with three elements in the novel: there are always two characters in the novel, one of whom you have seen in the primary school textbook once, and the other is actually Yang Er's sister-in-law, Yang Er's sister-in-law, which we are not familiar with, but the appearance of this character is very vivid, which is the same as Cao Xueqin's description of Wang Xifeng in A Dream of Red Mansions.
The students began to quickly look for the appearance of Yang Er's sister-in-law in the article-"Scared, the beard is so long!"
I immediately guide the students: Mrs. Yang Er appears with her unique voice. As the saying goes, "If you don't see her, you should hear her voice first", which is also the language description in the characterization method. Therefore, this writing was not initiated by Lu Xun. In fact, I tell you, this writing is the writing of Wang Xifeng in Cao Xueqin's Dream of Red Mansions. When Wang Xifeng heard about Lin Daiyu, that is, Jia Baoyu in the first episode of A Dream of Red Mansions, this sentence highlighted Wang Xifeng's position in Jia's family. Grandma held her breath in front of her sisters. Only Wang Xifeng dares to appear like this. In fact, it is through language description that we can see Wang Xifeng's character and the man of the hour who "wants to get wind and rain" in Jiafu (the students listened carefully). It seems that this technique used by Lu Xun's old man's house is not the first one! This is actually reminding everyone that Lu Xun's method is learned and can be tried.
The students nodded thoughtfully.
I continue to instruct students: As the saying goes, "Words must be done", so what kind of personality characteristics does Yang Er's "Sister-in-law" show Yang Er?
The students began to discuss the personality characteristics of Yang Er's sister-in-law around this language description. ...
Soon, the students came to their own conclusions:
Sister-in-law Yang Er made a fuss; Sister-in-law Yang Er speaks carelessly; Sister-in-law Yang Er speaks casually; Sister-in-law Yang Er is very sharp-tongued ...
I continue to instruct students. There is a description of Yang Er's sister-in-law, but different description methods are adopted. At the same time, there are descriptions of Yang Er's sister-in-law and other stages of her life. Try to find them.
Soon the students found all the paragraphs about Yang Er's description in the text.
When all the descriptions of Yang Er's sister-in-law are put together, including paragraphs and words in different periods and different description methods, students can understand a Yang Er's sister-in-law more comprehensively by comparing different description methods, and discover the changes of Yang Er's sister-in-law by describing Yang Er's sister-in-law in different periods. ...
I guide the students: When I recall that Mrs. Yang Er was young, I knew that she sold tofu. Later, when I was leaving, she took the dog and killed her. What has Mrs Yang Er experienced in these decades? Everyone's character and destiny bear the brand of this era. What brand of that era does Yang Er's fate track reflect?
Soon the students had a heated discussion. ...
A class time passed quickly. When the students discussed that the changes of Sister-in-law Yang Er were closely related to that era, the theme of this article became easier to understand-hometown is often the habitat of a person's soul, but when the realistic hometown deviates from the ideal hometown, the indescribable feelings and emotions about hometown will be entangled in children's hearts, which is a melancholy beauty and will be constantly brewing in children's hearts.