Release date: 2005-11-0619: 55: 26, with 684 hits.
Name: Jian 'an Qizi
Literary period: literature of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
The seven sons of Jian 'an refer to seven famous poets except Cao Shi and his son during the Jian 'an period in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. They are Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy and Liu Zhen. The name of "seven sons" began with Cao Pi's Dian Lun Paper: "Today's literati include Lu Kongju, Guangling Chen Zhang, Wang Shen, Beihai Xu, Liu Chen Ruan Yu Yuan Yu, Runan Xingyang Delian, and Dongping businessman Liu Zhen. People who have given birth to seven children have nothing to learn and nothing to write. "In addition to Kong Rong and Cao Cao, although the other six experienced different experiences, they all suffered from the chaos of the late Han Dynasty. Later, they defected to Cao Cao, their status changed, and their lives were stable and rich. They regard Cao Cao as their self-knowledge and want to do something with him. Therefore, their poems have many similarities with Cao Shi's father and son. Because the seven sons of Jian 'an once lived together in Nakano, Weidu, they are also called "the seven sons of Nakano". Song Yu Yan's Poems on Canglang: "Jian 'an Style, the poem of seven sons of Cao Zijian and his son in Nakano at the end of Han Dynasty. "During this period, Sancao, Qizi, Cai Yan and others came out together, and the poetic style was" bold and arrogant, open and aboveboard, giving ideas, not seeking subtlety and cleverness, driving words by appearance, but taking the ability of understanding. " Later generations called this style "Jian 'an Style" and "Han Wei Style", also known as "Jian 'an Style". "Inscription by Xing Shao, King of Guangping in Northern Qi Dynasty:" See Jian 'an's style, and then you can reuse it. "In Seven Sons, everyone has the same name. Cao Zhi, RoyceWong and Serina Liu are also called "Wang Cao" and "Cao Liu". Xiao Gang in the Southern Dynasties and Wang Shu in Xiangdong: "Yangma and Wang Cao are far away, and Pan Lu and Xie Yan are near." Zhong Rong's poem: "Cao Liu wrote before the sages." Wang Rong and Serina Liu are also called "Liu Wang". Hu's Poems: "Both Wang and Liu go down and perfunctory."
Jian' an poems of seven sons of Jian' an
Seven writers in Jian 'an period (196 ~ 220). It was Cao Pi who first put forward the "seven sons". He said in Dian Lun Paper: "Today's literati include Lu Kongju, Guangling Chen Zhang, Wang Can, Beihai Xu, Liu Chen Ruanji, Runan Yang Yingde Lian and Dongping Liu Zhengong. Seven sons. There is nothing left in learning, nothing left in words, nothing left in words, nothing left in words. " These seven people generally represent outstanding writers except Cao Shi and his son during the Jian 'an period, so the theory of "seven sons" has been widely recognized by future generations.
The life of \ "Qizi \" can basically be divided into two periods. In the early stage of the great social war at the end of the Han Dynasty, although their social status and life experiences were different, they could not escape the fate of sharing weal and woe. Later, they were all attached to Cao Cao, Kong Rong was a senior official in Shaofu, RoyceWong was a servant, and the rest were also close ministers of Cao Shi and his son. But Kong Rong later clashed with Cao Cao and was killed. Because these seven people joined Cao Cao at different times, there is no unified boundary between their early and late periods. Kong Rong was in the first year of Jian 'an (196), Xu Gan and Ruan Ji were in the early period of Jian 'an, Chen Lin was in Jian 'an for five years, RoyceWong was in Jian 'an for thirteen years, and Liu Zhen and Angelababy were in Jian 'an for thirteen years. Corresponding to their life trajectory, their creation can also be divided into two stages. The early works mostly reflect the reality of social unrest and express the feelings of worrying about the country and the people. His main works include RoyceWong's Seven Wounded Poems, Ode to the Building, Chen Lin's Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Cave, Ruan Ji's Driving Out of the North Gate, and Serina Liu's Gift to My Brother. All of them have practical significance and certain ideological depth; However, there are also some works that are too deep and sentimental, such as Ruan Ji's seven-wound poem, Liu Zhen's lost title, Heaven and Earth are not in love, and so on. His later works mostly reflect his support for Cao Shi's regime and his ambition to establish his own political achievements, and the content is mostly banquets and answers. However, some praises to Cao Shi and his son are accompanied by followers, showing vulgar attitudes. However, whether before or after, his creation is mainly positive and healthy content.
The creation of \ "Qizi \" has its own personality and unique style. Kong Rong is good at reciting prose, and his works are full of vigor. RoyceWong's poems, words and essays are praised as "goodness" and his works are lyrical. Serina Liu is good at poetry, and his style is desolate. Chen Lin and Ruan Ji, who are famous for their Zhang Shibiao, also made some achievements in poetry creation at that time. The difference in their styles is that Chen Lin is more vigorous and Ruan Ji is more natural and fluent. Xu Gan has both poetry and prose, exquisite writing style and soothing body. Lian Ying can also write poems and songs, and his works are harmonious and literary. The creative style of \ "Qizi \" also has similarities, which is the era style of Jian 'an literature. The specific content and formation reason of this style of the times is what Liu Xie said in "Wen Xin Diao Long Time Series": "When you look at it, you are elegant and generous, good things are scattered in the world, the wind is declining and vulgar, and your ambition is deep and long, so your outline is rich and vibrant. \"
The \ "Seven Scholars \" has a very important position in the history of China literature. Together with the "Three Caos", they formed the main force of Jian 'an writers. They all contributed to the development of poetry, prose and prose.
In terms of poetry, Qizi mainly writes five-character poems. Five-character poetry is a new style of poetry that emerged in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. The appearance of \ "ancient poetry \" in Huan and the spiritual world marks the initial maturity of five-character poetry. The excellent five-character poem of Seven Sons is full of emotion and change, which makes the five-character poem more exquisite in art. For example, Xu Gan's Thinking Room is more delicate and profound than Grass on the Green Edge or Lonely Bamboo in Ran Ran. Chen Lin's Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Cave and Ruan Ji's Driving Out the North Gate were both written before the end of the Han Dynasty, and their writing time was not necessarily later than that of Ancient Poems, so their importance in the development history of five-character poems deserves more attention.
In terms of ci and fu, Qizi wrote a lot of Fu Xiao, who contributed to the further prosperity of Fu Xiao on the basis of the achievements of Zhang Heng and Cai Yong. There are three points worth paying attention to in the small fu of Seven Sons: ① The range of materials is more expanded, and the civilian and daily themes further dilute the aristocratic nature of the previous big fu; ② The function of reflecting social reality has been strengthened, and the number of works directly describing political events has increased; ③ The lyrical color is getting stronger and stronger. Cao Pi once spoke highly of the \ "Seven-Zi Fu \" in Dian Lun Wen, and Liu Xie also expressed the same opinion in Wen Xin Diao Long Shi Fu, especially that Wang Shen and Xu Gan were \ "Fu Tou \" of Cao Wei generation, which can be compared with Song Yu and Sima Xiangru.
In terms of prose, Kong Rong's Zhang Biao, Chen Lin and Ruan Ji's secretaries, Xu Gan and RoyceWong's essays were all unique at that time. Their similarity is what Cao Pi said: "Literature is based on Qi" (Dian Lun Wen), which embodies the author's unique temperament. The famous essays of \ "Qizi \" include Kong Rong's Letter of Recommending Secrets, Talking with Cao Gong, Chen Lin's Moving to Yuzhou, Writing Books for Cao Hong and Wang Wei, Ruan Ji's Writing Books for Cao Gong and Sun Quan, Wang Shen's Shang Yang, Jingzhou Literature and so on. The prose of \ "Qizi \" tends to be parallel prose in form, especially Kong Rong and Chen Lin. Some of their works are arranged in antithesis and often use allusions, which has become an indispensable part in the process of parallel prose in the late Han Dynasty and the Western Jin Dynasty.
The original collection of \ "Seven Scholars \" has been lost, and only Xu Gan's monograph on political ethics "On China" exists. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Qian compiled Confucius' Shaofu Collection, Wang Shizhong Collection, Chen Jishi Collection, Ruan Collection, Gong Liu □ Collection and Yingdelian Xiulian Collection, which were collected in 103 books in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. In Qing Dynasty, Yang compiled Seven Chapters of Jian 'an.
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Jian' an poetry
Jing Sun
In the history of China literature, the literature in some periods not only enriched the literary treasure house with its outstanding creation, but also formed a fine tradition, which had a far-reaching impact on later literature. This is the case with poems in Jian 'an period at the end of Han Dynasty.
The tradition of Jian 'an poetry is called "Jian 'an Style" in Zhong Rong's Shi Pin and "Jian 'an Style" in Yan Yu's Cang Hua, which, like the tradition of "Feng" and "Sao" in The Book of Songs of the South, often becomes the banner of poetry innovation movement in later generations. In the early Tang Dynasty, Chen Ziang opposed the poetic style of the Six Dynasties and advocated "Han Wei Style". Li Bai, a poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, inherited his innovation and sang "The bones of great writers are your brushes, which are in heaven".
It is inevitable to summarize the tradition of Jian 'an poetry with "wind power" or "strength of character". But in terms of its spiritual essence, it is still quite pertinent and vivid. What is "wind power" or "strength of character"? Zhong Rong said that the poem "Walking with the Wind" can make the people who hear it tempted, that is, it has shocking power, so he called the poem "Yong Shi Shi" that Zuo Si lashed out at the door valve system "Zuo Si Feng". Liu Xie said: "If the character does not fly, it will lose its freshness, and the negative voice will be weak." He compared literature with "the character of wind" to "the wings of a bird", that is, it is like an eagle spreading its wings. It can be seen that the so-called "wind power" or "wind strength" means that poetry is rich in content, strong in style and has an internal force. Jian 'an Poetry was born in the turbulent period at the end of Han Dynasty. The poet faced the difficulties of reality and lamented generously. As "Wen Xin Diao Long" said: "When you look at it, it is elegant, good things are scattered in the world, the wind is light and vulgar, and the ambition is deep and long, so the outline is rich and vibrant." It just means that the mood is passionate and the wind is pervasive. "Cao Liu is a roaring tiger with no horns everywhere." Jian 'an poetry, with its profound social and historical content and rich style, has shaped its own rich "character". After the loneliness, the peak of the poetry circle in Han Dynasty rose suddenly, standing in the long river of China's poetry development.
"Armor gives birth to lice, and ten thousand people die."
Poetry is the poet's singing and the echo of the times and society. Good poetry should be a surging historical torrent. The reason why Jian 'an poetry has "style" is that it can fully reflect the face and spirit of Jian 'an era.
Jian 'an was the title of Xian Di in the later Han Dynasty (A.D. 196-220). Before and after Jian 'an, there were fierce class struggles, important political and ideological changes and extremely turbulent society at the end of Han Dynasty. Starting from the Yellow Scarf Uprising more than ten years before Jian 'an, the fierce scuffle between China and the great warlords of Wei, Shu and Wu Qiang basically laid a three-point situation in the world. In the past few decades, the whole Central Plains region has been galloping with iron horses, and the broad masses of the people have been pushed into the abyss of hot water.
In the fierce class struggle at the end of Han Dynasty, Cao Cao represented a progressive force different from the powerful landlords. Jian 'an poets are basically progressive literati groups around Cao Shi, mainly including "Three Caos", "Seven Scholars" and Cai Yan. "Three Caos" are Cao Cao and his sons Cao Pi and Cao Zhi. The seven sons are Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy and Liu Zhen. Among them, except Kong Rong, who does not belong to Cao Shi Group politically, his literary achievements are mainly not in poetry, and the rest are subordinates of Cao Shi and his son. Cai Yan is the daughter of Cai Yong, a famous scholar at the end of Han Dynasty. She was taken to the southern Xiongnu in the rebellion at the end of Han Dynasty, and was later redeemed by Cao Cao. They all experienced the turmoil in the late Han Dynasty and the hardships of the current situation, so their works have a strong social atmosphere and clearly reflect the face of the times.
Cao Cao is the pioneer of Jian 'an poetry circle. His Morning Dew and Li Hao's Journey use the old theme of Yuefu, without attacking the ancient meaning, and directly "narrate the current events at the end of Han Dynasty". Autumn Louxing is about General He Jin murdering eunuchs and warlord Dong Zhuo entering Beijing to make an insurrection. He Jin's mediocrity and wrong country, and Dong Zhuo's tyranny and domineering are all direct absorption of poetry. Hao wrote after the last article that Guandong county fought Dong Zhuo, but the allied forces fought among themselves because of the competition for interests. The poet strongly exposed and attacked the decadent nature of warlords such as Yuan Shao and Yuan Shu. These poems are praised by later generations as "a record of the late Han Dynasty" and "a history of poetry". They put current events into poetry, wrote about major contemporary political events, and directly attacked contemporary figures, reflecting a new spirit of poetry creation. Later, Du Fu wrote Yuefu poems and Bai Juyi advocated the new Yuefu movement, both of which directly described the real situation, and there was obviously a continuous relationship between them.
Jian 'an poems have considerable depth in reflecting the turmoil and people's suffering in the late Han Dynasty. Cao Cao's "Hao Li Xing" said: "The first born lice are all named death. The bones were bare in the field, and there was no one among them, and there was no crowing. There are hundreds of people left behind, and their thoughts are broken. " According to historical records, after Dong Zhuo's rebellion in the late Han Dynasty, Luoyang, the prosperous eastern capital, became "a hundred miles without fireworks", Chang 'an in Xijing was "empty" and "there was no pedestrian in Guanzhong for two or three years". Cao Cao's poems are a portrayal of his image. In such a catastrophe, people's experiences are often terrible. RoyceWong's "Seven Wounded Poems" describes what he saw and heard when he avoided chaos in Jingzhou: "There are hungry women on the road, holding their children and abandoning grass. Wen Gu wailed and waved tears, but did not return: I don't even know where I died, how can I end it! " The severe famine forced the mother to reluctantly abandon her own flesh and blood! Cai Yan's Poem of Sorrow and Indignation wrote that Dong Zhuo's army plundered the city: "After the slaughter, the remains did not stay, and the remains refused to help each other. Horses hang people's heads and horses carry women. " What a sad sight! Jian 'an poetry is good at choosing typical examples to reflect reality, which is vivid and profound. Chen Lin's "Drinking Horses in the Cave of the Great Wall" borrows the historical theme of building the Great Wall, and accuses the late Han Dynasty of attaching great importance to corvee: "There are many widows in the border town", and the heavy corvee burden has destroyed many happy families. And "the Great Wall stretches for three thousand miles", and the endless Great Wall is a symbol of endless corvee.
"If you don't care about the past, you can't cure it."
Although Jian 'an poets are faced with the reality of decline, destruction and turmoil, they are not suffocated by turmoil or overwhelmed by suffering, but show a spirit of reorganizing their talents. They are full of vision and confidence in the future. Their poems are feelings of compassion when they are hurt, not lamentations of despair and depression. In their bitter tone, they stirred up a high-spirited and enterprising spirit, giving people encouragement and strength, which is commendable.
Cao Cao, a leading figure in Jian 'an period, described the image of the sea with simple and far-reaching pen and ink in Looking at the Sea: "The autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rough. A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Xinghan is brilliant, if it is unexpected. " This sea, which covers the sun, the moon and the stars, is the poet's soul that devours the universe and embraces Kyushu. Love is in the scenery, clear and true. Reading it opened people's minds. In The Life of a Tortoise, the poet also expressed the indomitable enterprising spirit of being old and strong with the words of stone. "The old horse crouches tiger, aiming at a thousand miles; Martyrs are full of courage in their later years, which has become a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages. "Shi Shuo Xin Yu" records that Wang Dun recites these four poems every time he is drunk, saying, "You can spit on the pot, and the spout is missing", which shows its exciting power. Short songs are especially typical. Deep suffering casts a melancholy atmosphere on the whole poem; The persistent pursuit makes the whole poem echo the strong feelings of promoting Li Tuzhi. " When drinking songs, what is the geometry of life? For example, "the morning dew is more bitter when you go to Japan", although it is inevitable that you are miserable, but the poet "doesn't care about the future, but worries about the world", not entangled in the poor road of life, but worried about the restlessness of the world. Therefore, the whole poem revolves around the tone of recruiting talents and creating achievements. In the end, it boils down to imitating the Duke of Zhou: "The mountain is not too high, the water is not too deep, the Duke of Zhou vomits food, and the world returns to the heart." What kind of mind and spirit it is to recruit heroes from all over the world and recreate mountains and rivers!
Cao Zhi, known as the "Jian 'an Wonder Man" in Shi Pin, also devoted himself to unifying the world. In "White Horse", he created the heroic images of "Feathers come from the north, strong horses climb the embankment" and "National disaster takes the lead, sudden death", which is related to the author's statement in the self-test table, that is, if he can be allowed to participate in the cause of pingwu and destroying Shu, then "although he is in Shu, he is still alive in Wu Que at the beginning." "In the fourth year of Huang Chu, the poet went to Beijing to appear before Cao Pi, the Emperor of Wei Wen, and wrote" Go to Jiangxiang and go to wuyue courageously ",wishing Wan Li to go to the enemy. Unexpectedly, xelloss did not allow him to participate in state affairs and ordered him to return to the fief to live in seclusion. In the fifth part of Famous Miscellaneous Poems, the poet angrily put forward: "It is a good reason to go to Wan Li, but it is safe to go east!" "Idling around is not my ambition. I am willing to go to the countryside to worry. The spirit of the poem "A lead knife is expensive" is very touching. Many of Cao Zhi's later poems expressed the pain of being suppressed by Wen Di and exposed the contradictions within the ruling class. The reason why they are so touching lies in their deep feelings of persistent ambition.
Ambition, ideal, pursuit and struggle constitute the important characteristics of "Jian 'an style".
"Literature is based on Qi"
In Dian Lun Wen, Cao Pi put forward the literary concept of "Wen is based on Qi", which reflected the important characteristics and changes of Jian 'an poetry.
Cao Pi often talks about contemporary writers with "Qi". He said that Xu Gan was "full of energy", Kong Rong was "full of wonderful energy" and Serina Liu was "free from it". He also said that "the turbidity of qi has a body, not a strong one." It can be seen that the "qi" he said refers to the different styles of different writers and the different personalities and styles of literature. Although Cao Pi can't give a scientific explanation, it is a good theoretical summary of the individualization and lyricism of Jian 'an poetry. This prominent tendency of Jian 'an's poetry is a liberation and leap of Han Dynasty's poetry.
Before Jian 'an, the traditional literary concept was "expressing ambition by poetry" put forward in Shangshu and Preface to Shi Mao. "Zhi" could have contained a wide range of thoughts and feelings, but since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, "Zhi" has been tied by a rope of Confucianism. For example, the Han people respected "Poems 300" as "Classic" and interpreted it with Confucianism, which made this collection of poems of the Zhou Dynasty become a textbook of Confucian political and ethical norms. Guan Ju at the beginning of The Book of Songs was originally a vivid love song, but Shi Mao explained: "Guan Ju is also the virtue of empresses." It is said that Guan pheasant is male and female "loyal but different", so empresses and gentlemen are also "husband and wife different", which can be transformed into human world, making father and son close, monarch and minister respectful, court justice and Wang Huacheng. Along this road, the so-called "ambition" will become the ambition of Confucianism. Confucius's "thinking innocently" has become an inviolable dogma, and "gentleness and gentleness" has become an insurmountable poetry teaching. There are also such phenomena in China's poems, such as Wei Meng's satirical poems and Yi Fu's flute poems, which are full of moral preaching and lead poetry creation into a dead end. During the Jian 'an period, the rule of Confucianism was fundamentally shaken with the disintegration of the Eastern Han Empire, and the thoughts of law, name, military, vertical and horizontal schools came into being, showing a trend of freedom and liberation. Taking advantage of this, Jian 'an poets opposed the trend of Chinese poetry, directly imitated the Han Yuefu, absorbed its spirit of "feeling sadness and joy, starting from things", and took the road of expressing their feelings directly, thus creating literary works full of the flavor of the times and distinctive personality.
The liberation and leap of Jian 'an's poems not only reopened the way for poems to reflect reality and express emotions, but also caused differences in personality and style. For example, Cao Cao's poems are ancient, straight and vigorous, as he said, "They are like veteran faces with heavy charm." Cao Pi is beautiful and passionate, and is good at expressing feelings. His poems are "vulgar as even words", so "graceful and restrained can change people's feelings". Compared with Cao Cao and Cao Pi, Cao Zhi's poetic language is more beautiful. Wang Shizhen said he was a "gifted scholar" and Chen Ling said he was "elegant in writing", but he was not weak and gorgeous in appearance. In fact, his style is just like Poetry: "His character is extremely high, and his words are adopted by Huamao." He looks like Serina Liu. We only need to read the second song of "A Gift for My Brother" and play with the pines and cypresses standing upright in the windward Ao Shuang, and then we can appreciate his style of "striving for beauty" and "true bones and frost". This achievement of Jian 'an's poetry has made a good start for the development of ancient poetry with five or seven words. Since then, along this trend, people have been exploring the field of May 7th poetry, creating different styles, from Ruan Ji's Poem on Huai, Zuo Si's Poem on Shi, Guo Pu's Poem on Fairy Wandering, Tao Yuanming's Pastoral Poetry, Bao Zhao's it is hard to go, Xie Lingyun's Landscape in Xie Tiao, to Yu Xin's Poem on Huai.
"Five words soar"
"Wen Xin Diao Long" said: "At the beginning of Jian 'an, there were five words. "Jian 'an poetry has an indelible position in the development of five-character poetry.
Five-character poems did not begin in Jian 'an era. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ban Gu had "Ode to an Epic". By the end of the Han Dynasty, the ancient poems of Anonymous were quite mature in art, but they still belonged to a new form until the Jian 'an era. If the traditional four-character poem is elegant, it can only be considered vulgar. In the Jin Dynasty, Zhiyu also said: "The rhyme of elegant sounds, the four characters are positive, and the rest have twists and turns, which are not positive rhyme." Until the Southern Dynasties, Liu Xie still called the four characters "Chang" and the five characters "Liu". The five-character ancient poems in the late Han Dynasty were all anonymous, revealing the humble position of this poetic style. It is a historic achievement that Jian 'an poets dare to ignore elegant sounds and adopt a large number of five-character "walking clouds" and finally make it the main form of poetry. This is a ...
Although the five-character ancient poems in the late Han Dynasty have artistic charm, they are narrow in subject matter and thin in content, which is not enough to create a poetic style. With rich content, lofty ambition and generous passion, Jian 'an poets input extraordinary "character" into five-character poems, making them an example for future generations to follow, and the poets in the latter five-character poems followed suit. The second is.
Thirdly, Jian 'an five-character poems are not only lyrical, but also narrative. Cai Yan's Poems of Sorrow and Anger represents the achievements of narrative poetry in this period. This poem describes the poet's tragic experience in more than 500 words, describing the humiliation he suffered during his exile, the sadness of living in a foreign country, the pain of his other son being redeemed, the loneliness of his desolate home after returning home, and the panic of being "replaced to a humble place and often afraid of donating again" after remarriage. These achievements laid a solid foundation for the five-character poetry, and since then, it has opened an era of rapid development of the five-character poetry.
The courage to break through barriers in content and explore in form embodies the creative spirit of Jian 'an poets. In addition to five-character poems, Cao Mao also "created nine-character poems". Although Kong Rong's six-character poem in Guwenyuan is not credible, Cao Pi recorded Kong Rong's six-character poem in Answering a Group of Ministers. In the history of China's poetry, six-character has not been developed, but until the Tang and Song Dynasties, some people continued to write. On the other hand, Cao Pi's Artemisia on the Wall is full of miscellaneous words, which has a certain influence on the formation of this genre. Wang Fuzhi said, "A long sentence is long, and Si is the ancestor of the mountain. Bao Zhao and Li Bailing, this style, became the lion elephant of Yuefu. " Particularly noteworthy is the seven-character poem. Before Jian 'an, only "Hundred Poems" handed down from generation to generation was not only controversial, but also a couplet at best, while Cao Pi's "Ge Yanxing" was already a seven-character poem with cadence and perfect art. Later, Bao Zhao changed the rhyme of each sentence to the rhyme of every other sentence, and this system was finally finalized. Five-seven-character poetry is the basic style of China's classical poetry after the Han Dynasty, which continued until the rise of modern new poetry. Tracing back to the source, it should be said that the earliest origin is based on the Jian' an era.