This poem was written by a 56-year-old poet in this extremely embarrassing situation. On that day, he boarded the high platform outside Bai Di, Kuizhou, and climbed up to watch with mixed feelings. What you saw in hope aroused your heart; The bleak scenery of Qiu Jiang evokes his wandering life experience and permeates his old illness and loneliness. Thus, there is this masterpiece, which is known as "the first and seventh speech method in ancient and modern times".
The first four sentences are about climbing mountains. The first couplet is right. Focusing on the specific environment of Kuizhou, the poet used the word "wind rush" to drive the All-China Federation, and from the beginning, he wrote a quatrain that has been told for generations. Kuizhou is famous for its many apes, and the canyon is famous for its windy weather. It is cool in autumn, but it is windy here. When the poet climbs the mountain, the sound of "high apes whistling" comes from the gorge, which means "the empty valley spreads, and the sorrow turns into a long one" (Notes on the Three Gorges of Water). The poet moved his eyes from the heights to the rivers and lakes, and on the background of clear water and white sand, he was dotted with birds dancing with the wind and never looking back. This is really a beautiful painting. Among them, the sky, wind, sand, Zhu, and apes scream. Birds fly, a match made in heaven, a match made in heaven. Not only the upper and lower sentences are correct, but also the sentences are self-correct, such as the above sentence "heaven" versus "wind"; "high" versus "urgent"; The next sentences "sand" versus "Zhu" and "white" versus "green" are full of rhythm. After the artistic refinement of the poet, fourteen words, each of which is accurate and appropriate, are all in name only. In words, "thank you for your axe" has reached a wonderful and difficult state. What is more noteworthy is that the word "Wei" in the first sentence is usually flat, but this poem is flat. Shen Deqian praised "two sentences still rhyme, but the style has changed" ("Tang Poetry").
This couplet embodies the typical characteristics of Kuizhou in autumn. The poet looked up at the endless rustling leaves and looked down at the endless rolling river. While writing about the scenery, he expressed his feelings affectionately. "Endless" and "inexhaustible" make "rustling" and "rolling" more vivid, which not only reminds people of the sound of falling trees and the surging Yangtze River, but also invisibly conveys the feeling that youth is fleeting: ambition is hard to pay. Through the gloomy and sad dialogue, it shows superb brushwork, and it does have the majestic momentum of "repairing the palace" and "pouring hundreds of rivers into the east". It is reasonable for predecessors to call it "the absolute step of the past and the present" and "the transformation in the sentence"
The first two couplets describe autumn scenery, and it was not until the necklace that the word "autumn" was pointed out. "Alone on the stage" shows that the poet looks down from a height and closely connects the eye scene with the heart. Frequent visitor points out the poet's wandering life. "One hundred years" means a limited life, here refers to the twilight. The word "sad autumn" is written very painfully. Autumn is not necessarily sad, but when the poet witnessed the desolate and magnificent autumn scenery, he couldn't help thinking of his own exile, the old, the weak and the sick, so he gave birth to infinite sadness. The poet summed up the feeling that a long-time guest is most likely to be sad and sick, and he loves to go on stage alone, which makes people deeply feel his heavy emotional pulse. The "Wan Li" and "Centennial" of this pair of couplets are the same as those of the last pair. "Boundless" and "endless" also have the function of mutual echo: the poet's travel worries and loneliness, like fallen leaves and rivers, are pushed and driven away endlessly, and emotion and scenery blend into one. At this point, the poem has given the general meaning of homesickness, increased the content of long-term loneliness, increased people's feelings of mourning for autumn and suffering from illness, increased the sigh of Wan Li and others leaving home in their twilight years, and made the poem more profound.
The tail is knotted and divided into five or six sentences. The poet is suffering from hardship and poverty, worrying about the country and the people, and his hair is getting gray. In addition, because of illness and alcohol deprivation, it is even more difficult for them to let go. The poet's ambivalence is easy to understand, because he once climbed high and looked far with great interest, but now he provokes hatred for no reason, adding to his sorrow. The first six sentences are "flying", and here is "soft and cold, infinite sorrow is beyond words" ("Poetry").
The first half of the poem describes the scenery, the second half is lyrical, and the writing style is different. The first couplet focuses on describing the specific scenery in front of us, just like the meticulous brushwork of a painter, showing the shape, sound, color and state one by one. The second couplet focuses on rendering the atmosphere of the whole autumn, just like the painter's freehand brushwork. It should only be vivid and vivid, so that readers can supplement it with imagination and express their feelings in triplicate, starting from two aspects: vertical (time) and horizontal (space), and writing from a foreign land to a sick and disabled life. Quadrupling the number of white hair, protecting illness and abstinence from alcohol can be summed up as the hardship of the times is the root of poverty. In this way, Du Fu's feelings when he was worried about the country and hurt the country jumped from the page.
All eight sentences in this poem are correct. At first glance, the beginning and the end seem to be "wrong", and the chest and abdomen seem to be "wrong". After careful consideration, "every sentence in the article is law, and every word in the sentence is law." Not only "the whole article can be taught", but also "choose words and make sentences", "people in ancient and modern times dare not speak and will never speak" It is natural to win the reputation of "masterpiece" (see Hu Yinglin's poem).
Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness. Looking at autumn scenery in front of me, I feel sad. I thought I was wandering thousands of miles away. I often lived in a foreign land. I have been ill all my life, and today I am alone on the high platform. This is a high summary of the poet's wandering life, describing the loneliness and sadness of wandering, illness and unaccompanied.
This poem was written by Du Fu in Kuizhou in 767 AD. When Du Fu wrote this poem, the Anshi Rebellion had ended for four years, but local warlords took the opportunity to compete for territory with each other, and the society was still in chaos. In this situation, he had to continue to "wander in the southwest between heaven and earth" (the first part of "Yearning for Monuments") and struggle with the sigh of "When is the year to return" (the second part of "Jueju"). The hardships of the times, family, personal illness and unfulfilled ambition, coupled with the successive deaths of friends Li Bai, Gao Shi and Yanwu, are always like a thick cloud on his mind. He came to the stage to get rid of his depression. Through the scenery of Qiu Jiang, the whole poem tells the poet's complex feelings of wandering for many years, being entangled in old diseases and dying alone. The first four sentences of the poem are about climbing mountains, and the poet painted a moving picture of autumn approaching the world. Kuizhou has always been famous for its many apes, and the canyon is famous for its windy scenery. The description here is by no means accidental, it combines the poet's complex and profound feelings. The first couplet climbs the mountain, feels the wind of hunting, and listens to the empty valley apes. Move your eyes and look at Dao Jiang from a height. On the background of clear water and white sand, birds flying with the wind are dotted, which is really a beautiful picture. There is a sad atmosphere at the beginning of this poem: "The sharp wind ape whimpers in the vast sky, and the birds fly home on the clear lake and white beach". This picture is bleak, but it also reflects the sadness in the poet's heart, especially the two details of "mourning for apes" and "birds flying back", which is simply a portrayal of thousands of displaced people in Qian Qian, including the poet. But the poet's thought didn't stop there. He also outlined an extremely broad picture for us: "Leaves fall like the spray of a waterfall, while I watch the long river roll forward." Couplet poets look up at the boundless rustling leaves and overlook the rushing river. The words "boundless" and "inexhaustible" in the sentence, coupled with the sound of rustling leaves, make people feel that the Yangtze River is rolling, and the works have reached a superb level. More importantly, we can see that the poet's mood is stirring: falling leaves means that the year is coming to an end, which will make him feel fleeting. Perhaps, this aggravated his homesickness, and he would ask himself: When will this long-lost career end? The endless Yangtze River will even make him go beyond the time limit. When he thinks of the unfortunate experiences of some outstanding figures in the past dynasties, he can't help but want to "shed tears every thousand autumn sadly" (Ode to Monuments II) to express his feelings that his youth is fleeting and his ambition is hard to pay. These two couplets have indeed covered the poet's "bitterness, bitterness and hatred", and their precise language and magnificent atmosphere can be described as the swan song of all climbing poems. Neck couplets illustrate the feelings contained in the above two scenery description couplets, and the last sentence is "I came from three thousand miles away." Sadness follows autumn today ",describing the suffering of wandering for many years; The next sentence, "With my hundred years of sorrow, I climbed this height alone", is about old illness and loneliness. This couplet is about autumn scenery, a poet who witnessed desolation and recovery. He can't help but think of the situation that he was banished to a foreign country, old, weak and sick, and he was infinitely sad about autumn. Among them, "Wan Li" corresponds to "Endlessness" in the first film, and "Centennial" corresponds to "Endlessness", which profoundly and extensively expresses the poet's worries from two aspects of time and space. The poet's travel anxiety and loneliness, like fallen leaves and rivers, can be pushed away and driven away endlessly. The harmony between emotion and scenery shows the subtlety of the concept.
The poet at the end of the couplet suffered from hardship and poverty. They are worried about the country and the people, and their white hair is increasing. In addition, they were deprived of alcohol because of illness, which made it more difficult for them to let go of their grief. Originally, I climbed high and looked far with great interest, but I hated and worried for no reason. The poet's complex emotions and ambivalence are fully displayed, including infinite desolation.
The first half of the poem describes the scenery and the second half is lyrical. The first couplet focuses on describing the specific scenery in front of us, just like the meticulous brushwork of a painter, vividly showing the shape, sound, color and state. Couplets focus on rendering the atmosphere of the whole autumn, just like the painter's freehand brushwork, which should only be vivid and let readers expand their imagination wings to supplement it. Neck band expresses feelings, from vertical (time) and horizontal (space) aspects, from wandering in a foreign land to writing disability. The change from white hair to alcohol loss due to illness comes down to the difficulty of the times, which is the root cause of sadness, illness and poverty. In this way, the poet's feelings when he was worried about the country and hurt the country jumped from the paper.