The main differences between poems and words:
1, the title of the text, the title of the poem directly hit the theme, and the names of the words are mostly epigrams.
2. In metrical language, poetry has a fixed word limit, which is more concise and compact. Words are long and short sentences, so light and charming.
3. In terms of expressing content and artistic conception, poetry reflects the current social situation and expresses many wishes. Words express the heart and express many feelings.
4. The evolution of poetry broke away from the category of poetry and reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty; Ci developed in Song Dynasty and attached to songs.
Differences in Title Writing The title of a poem is usually concise, and readers can easily understand the theme and even the background from the beginning.
For example, writing autumn: Du Fu's "Climbing the Mountain" can be associated with climbing the mountain on the 9th; Zhang Ji's a night-mooring near maple bridge is an autumn maple leaf and an autumn night.
Such as farewell poems: Don Wang Changling's "Farewell to Xin Jian at Furong Inn" points out the farewell place and friends' names; Tang's "Send Yuan to Twenty Shores" points out friends and destination.
The title of a word must have a brand name and can have a title, which is often ignored and only distinguished by the first sentence of the text. Ma Zhiyuan's Tianjingsha Qiu Si is widely known, and the word "Qiu Si" is the title of the word. However, there are few such examples in numerous ci works.
Take the literati in Song Dynasty as an example. Su Shi wrote 15 poems, Ouyang Xiu wrote more than 15 poems and Yan Shu wrote 12 poems. As few as Liu Yong, there are two poems, of which only untitled epigrams account for the vast majority. It's really hard to tell the difference just by the difference in the first sentence.
There are five words, seven words, metrical poems and long poems in metrical language, and the language is rigorous and dignified. Rhyme in five-character poems is free, and each sentence is limited to five words, and the words are concise and compact, such as Du Fu's "Looking at Yue" and "How majestic the sacred mountain is!" ? Out of Qilu, green peaks can still be seen. The magical nature brings together thousands of beautiful mountains in the south and the separation between morning and dusk in the north. Layers of white clouds, cleaning the gully on the chest; The flat bird flew into the eye socket. Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look short under the sky. ! "
Seven-character poems are lively in form, diverse in genre and free in syntax and rhyme. Each sentence is limited to seven words. On this basis, the number of words in the seven-character poem is unified into eight sentences, each with seven words, and the two sentences are connected together, which are divided into four parts: the first couplet, the parallel couplet, the neck couplet and the tail couplet. The two couplets in the middle require neat antithesis. The Yellow Crane Tower, revered by later generations as the first of the seven laws in the Tang Dynasty, is not a perfect seven laws strictly, but it blurted out and became a swan song throughout the ages.
Words are long and short sentences evolved from music. There are no strictly standardized words in the format, and the language is more subtle and charming. The rhyme of words is occasional, and the rhyme can be changed in the middle. There is no hard and fast requirement on the density of rhyme. Just follow the beat of the epigraph. Yan Shu's masterpiece "Huanxisha" can be heard in detail: "A new song and a glass of wine, the weather is old last year. When will the sunset come back? There is nothing to do, flowers bloom and fall, and it seems familiar that Yan returns. Xiao Yuan Xiang Jing is lonely. "
Expressing the difference between content and artistic conception, the content of poetry is closer to life and reflects the current social situation. The ancients often "expressed their aspirations by poetry", writing about the rise and fall of the country, the sufferings of the people, or expressing their feelings; Or describe the ups and downs of the official sea, fame and fortune, and lack of talent in life; Or hold something to express your will and hold something to express your feelings. The text of the poem is refined and has a long aftertaste. The day before yesterday, I read Liu Changqing's poem "When a pilgrim's hat carries the sunset, he goes further and further down the green hill". What Mr. Wu Liu said is true. "There is a real meaning in it, and I have forgotten what I want to say."
The content of words mainly lies in expressing inner feelings, and more is the display of emotions, so there is a saying of "expressing feelings with words" Most of the Song Ci poems created by many graceful characters in the Northern Song Dynasty describe the feelings of men and women, the feelings of lovesickness and separation, trivial matters of life, joys and sorrows and other human nature. Words are classified by epigraph names, which is equivalent to today's music scores. The process of composing lyrics is completed with different tunes.
In addition, there are also refreshing ones, such as Dragon in Words. Most of Xin Qiji's works handed down from ancient times are heroic and full of the heart of making contributions and worrying about the country and the people. Every word in Yue Fei's "Man Jiang Hong" is full of grief and regret, and the lines are full of loyalty.
The relationship between the evolution process and songs can be traced back to the four-character poems in The Book of Songs, and later developed into Yuefu folk songs, ancient poems and modern poems. Poetry has never been divorced from the family. It is a concise literary genre created through the processing of folk oral tunes. Later, poetry and song were separated, and the Tang Dynasty began to call it "poetry" in a unified way.
Different from Tang poetry, Song ci is attached to Song and needs to adapt to Song. Originally called "Quci" or "Quci".
Poetry gets rid of songs and folk life, showing a scroll atmosphere; In order to adapt to the songs, the words are gorgeous and charming, showing an atmosphere of singing and dancing, which is widely circulated among the people.
I love the conciseness and conciseness of Tang poetry, and I love the grace and affection of Song poetry. Although there are many differences between poems and words, it is undeniable that poems can be combined together and can interpret colorful poetic life with different artistic conception.