The poem "Praise" was written in 194 1 year1February. The whole poem is divided into four sections, just like four movements of a symphony, full of passion. From the beginning, the poet built a rich image group for us: mountains, rivers, grasslands, villages, crows, dogs barking, desolate land, dry wind, water flowing eastward and melancholy forest. It's like shooting from the sky with a camera and seeing an unusually vast but devastated land. Then, the poet told us countless stories buried in the past years from a historical perspective. This is just an unspeakable disaster. Beautiful love is silent, and so is the eagle flying in the sky. This endless suffering has dried up the tears. If we can shed excited tears again one day, it is worth looking forward to. In the face of this land and the people who live in it, the poet is full of deep love. This love excites me, "I have too many words and too long feelings", "I want to hug you with everything,/there are people everywhere,/people living in shame and rickets". They were dressed in rags, bent over, endured hunger and waited in the cold wind. Because of the poet's unusual experience, he shared their feelings and experiences, and he shared their joys and sorrows. Strong emotion * * * made the poet send out such a voice: "I want to hug you with blood-stained hands." & Because a nation has risen. "The Rise of a Nation" expresses the poet's prayer for the motherland and the people. It is the emotional main line of the whole poem.
In the second part, the author focuses on farmers, because in China, farmers represent most people. They worked hard on the land and made a living. A series of antonyms in the poem highlight their life situation. He is a "child" and a "father", and this generation has a heavy burden of life. "How many dynasties have risen and fallen around him,/pinned hopes and disappointments on him", and with the passage of time, generations of people full of good hopes finally fell into disappointment, all of which weighed heavily on him, forming deeper pain. "And he always rotates silently behind the plow,/remembering that the same soil dissolved his ancestors,/the same image of suffering solidified on the roadside." Here, the poet used a series of very dignified words such as "forever", "unchanged" and "solidified" to describe the image of the people in front of suffering-he is silent. In the sharp contrast between the never-ending flow of time and the unchangeable reality, the sufferings and perseverance of farmers in China are highly concentrated, and the image of a victim is fixed in the picture of history.
"On the main road, people are talking, shouting and in high spirits. /However, he didn't. He just put down the old hoe,/once again believed the noun and dissolved into the love of the public. /firmly, he watched himself dissolve into death. /And this road is infinitely long. /and he can't cry. /He didn't cry, because a nation has risen. " This poem was written in the stalemate of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. When the war just broke out, the whole nation was in a spiritual carnival of "war utopia", and so was the literary and art circles. At that time, there were too many lines of enthusiasm in poetry, and there was no basis in the depths of reason. Many people naively think that war can purify everything. In fact, the young Mu Dan also experienced the process of growing up. In a lost poem entitled 1939 Kunming Torch Parade, Mu Dan wrote, "The motherland is singing, the fire of the motherland is burning,/the new wild forces are pouring out the laughter of the motherland,/boom,/boom, boom, boom-the city is in ruins, the houses are collapsing,/the old people are dying, and the young people have nothing. /The motherland is singing, facing powerful enemies,/hit the floor's laughter, one column, one column, one column; /bam, bam, bam-/(I saw the sunshine illuminating the motherland of Yuan Ye, warm Yuan Ye, green Yuan Ye, Yuan Ye full of flowers) "Obviously, this warm cry and emotional unfolding is far from the overall style of Mu Dan's poetry, so Mu Dan has reason to disqualify it as a" poem "and exclude it from his poetry collection. However, one year later, in the second half of 1940, Mu Dan graduated from National Southwest Associated University and taught at Xuyong Branch, which gave him more opportunities to contact the world and gradually developed his own skepticism. 194 1 the turbulent social environment, the southern Anhui incident, the fall of Hong Kong, and the British blockade of the Yunnan-Myanmar highway all made Mu Dan's thoughts more profound. The "speeches, shouts and cheers" on the road can't easily excite him. On the contrary, he realized that the process of individual dissolving into "popular love" may actually be "dissolving into death". The people chose to fight in their sufferings, but the road was long and dangerous. They must endure hunger, fatigue and pain, and even face death at any time, which cannot be concealed by a few simple inspiring slogans. The poet is full of admiration and sympathy for the people's efforts, but at the same time he is wary of the injustice of war and the possibility of using nouns to express "public love" This is what is profound about Mu Dan. Here, the poet used the line "A nation has risen" for the second time, which made his feelings more dignified. It shows the indomitable spirit of the Chinese nation and the great course of Chinese sons and daughters from suffering to struggle.
"Surrounded by mountains, under the blue sky, the most subtle sadness is hidden in the deep valley." In the third section, the poet pushed the camera behind the farmer and extended the description to his native land. There are mothers staring at the door, hungry children, dark huts and ravaged land. Although it is written about "his" motherland, it is not a symbol of millions of Qian Qian people who live in sorrow and pain! The outstanding sons and daughters of the Chinese nation abandoned their small families and embarked on the road of resistance against Japan without hesitation. Now that you have chosen, you will "never look back and curse." Facing them, the author can only express sincere comfort with hugs. However, some pains cannot be comforted. In the face of the threat of death, all comfort will appear faint. Therefore, the poet could not help crying. He once looked forward to the gushing tears, once faced the tearless farmers, but now he is crying, not because he is fragile, but for the respectable people and the rise of our nation.
The fourth verse of the poem is like the last movement of the symphony, which restores the theme and always supports the whole poem. The three "similarities" show that our history of shame is so long. The Chinese nation has been devastated and bullied, and the people have endured humiliation and a hard life. "We have too much unspeakable pain", but the Chinese nation is solid and full of vitality. The author saw the great potential power of the nation from the people, and sighed many times: "However, a nation has risen." The title of this poem is Praise. What are we praising? I think it is to praise people who live in this ancient land, praise their perseverance, praise them for moving from suffering to struggle, and praise the rise of the whole nation!
As the leader of the Nine Leaves Poetry School, Mu Dan's poetry embodies the aesthetic pursuit of "balance". He once said: "I especially advocate writing content with the significance of the times. The problem is that we must first expand ourselves to that era, and then write about ourselves. Such a work has become a work of the times ... because it is concrete and flesh and blood. " ② Mu Dan's poems combine life with art and distort spiritual thinking with social reality. He never replaced art with life, nor did he replace his own thinking with political ideas. His poems have a clear understanding of reality and a persistent belief in the future, which breaks through the narrow world of China's early symbolism and modernism, and is qualitatively different from western modernism.
Mu Dan once criticized two lyrical ways, one is "boring and inflexible slogan" and the other is "anemic rhetoric". He advocated the third way-"new lyricism". He believes that this new lyric should be "something that rationally inspires people to fight for that light." He particularly emphasized the word "rationality", and praise is the practice of this proposition. On the one hand, this poem expresses praise for the motherland; on the other hand, this praise is based on profound rational spirit and will not become superficial and vulgar. The combination of reason and emotion makes it full of emotional strength and ideological strength, thus becoming an immortal work in Mu Dan's anti-Japanese war poems.
Mu Dan's poetic style is deep and dignified. Some people compare his artistic style to a deep river. Yuan Kejia also said: "After reading some of Mu Dan's poems, I always feel that there is a majestic beauty that is rare in new poetry. Some people are as deep as Mu Dan, but not heroic enough; Some poets are bold, but they are also rough. Both deep and energetic, Mu Dan should be counted as one. " So he called Mu Dan's praise a "blood song". "Originally, unrestrained grief and indignation often degenerated into sentimentality, which was detrimental to heroism, but Mu Dan didn't. At the end of each section, he used the grand voice of' a nation has risen' to suppress this poem, making it strong in sadness and powerful in pain. " . Yuan Kejia's comments hit the nail on the head. This is Mu Dan, and this is Mu Dan's praise. (