Appreciation of Ci Poetry
As mentioned in the note to this poem, Xin Qiji’s poem "Congratulations to the Bridegroom" is modeled on the meaning of "Thinking of Relatives and Friends" in Tao Yuanming's "Standing Cloud" The work expresses the author's loneliness and depression when he quit his job and lived idle. According to Deng Guangming's "Chronological Notes on Jiaxuan Ci", this poem was written around the fourth year of Qingyuan (1198) of Emperor Ningzong of the Song Dynasty. At this time, Xin Qiji had been idle for another four years. He built a new residence next to Sidu Laoquan in the east period of Qianshan, Xinzhou (now part of Jiangxi). Among them is "Tingyun Hall", which is based on the poetic meaning of Tao Yuanming's "Tingyun".
Xin Qiji’s lyrics love to use allusions, which is unique among Song poetry. The first part of this poem begins with "I have declined very much. I regret that my friends have been scattered all my life, only a few are left now!" which is an allusion from The Analects of Confucius. "The Analects of Confucius." "Shu Er Pian" records that Confucius said: "It has been so long that I have declined, and it has been a long time since I dreamed of Duke Zhou." If Confucius lamented that his way was not working, then Xin Qiji quoted it, which means that he lamented that his political ideals could not be realized. . Xin Qiji was fifty-nine years old when he wrote this poem. He had been living in exile for many years, and his old acquaintances were scattered. Therefore, it is natural to express such a sigh. Here "only a few are left" are connected with the concluding sentence "Those who know me are two or three sons" to emphasize the word "scattered". Then "The white hair hangs three thousand feet in the air, and smiles at everything in the world. What can make the public happy?" Several words are used in conjunction with Li Bai's "Qiupu Song" "The white hair hangs three thousand feet" and "Shishuo Xinyu". "Chapter of Favors and Gifts" records allusions such as Xi Chao and Wang Xun's ability to "make the Duke (referring to Jin Dynasty Sima Huanwen) happy", describing that he only hurt his boss and achieved nothing, and could not find a satisfactory friend, and wrote about the relationship between the world and his own situation at this time. lonely. The two sentences "I saw how charming Qingshan was, I expected Qingshan to see me this way" are the warning of the whole article. Since the poet has nothing (actually no one) to be happy about, he has no choice but to devote his deep feelings to nature. Not only does he feel that Qingshan is "charming", but he also feels that Qingshan also regards the poet as "charming". This is the same artistic technique as Li Bai's "Sitting Alone in a Pavilion" "Looking at each other without getting tired of it". This method first wedges the feelings of the aesthetic subject into the object, and then reveals the inner feelings of the aesthetic subject through the image of the object colored by the subject's feelings. In this way, the subject consciousness in the work is greatly strengthened and it is easy to infect readers. In the following two sentences, "Emotion and appearance are slightly similar." In the two sentences, emotion refers to the poet's feelings; appearance refers to the appearance of the green mountains. There are many similarities between the two, such as nobility, tranquility and youthful vitality. Here, the author compares his love with the green mountains, euphemistically expressing his noble ambition that he would rather be lonely and never join the ranks of traitors.
Some of Nalan Xingde's poems are sad and beautiful, like "The spring clouds blow away the rain on the Xiang curtain, and the sticky butterflies fly back to stay." It's like "the sudden snow turns over the fragrant pavilion catkins, and the light breeze blows the Danpingmei." It makes people feel fragrant after reading it. However, the greatest feature of Nalan's poetry is that it directly expresses the soul and candid emotions. He has always believed that "poetry is the voice of the heart and a matter of temperament." This idea, reflected in his creation, appears to be free from ornamentation and the sound of nature sings by itself. Wang Guowei said: "Nalan Rongruo sees things with natural eyes and expresses emotions with natural tongue." This more accurately summarizes Nalan Xingde's creative style. As far as [Golden Thread Song] "Gift to Liang Fen" is concerned, we can see that the poet uses his pen like flowing water and clouds, and his pure and abundant emotions are expressed freely at the end of his pen. However, Nalan Xingde's poems are written directly from the heart, and he does not pay attention to artistic refinement and is blindly careless. From the analysis of "Golden Thread Song", we found that the author often used famous sentences and allusions. Liu Xizai said in "Yi Gai": "The use of things in Ci is no obstacle. Hui, skin, many, and board are all obstacles. Jiang Baishi's use of things is wonderful, and the key lies in it. "Shi Shuo" sees it and says: "Those who are familiar with things can make practical use of them, and those who are good at making use of things are those who can live the Dharma through narration and reasoning." "Nalan Xingde. The seamless and smooth use of the story is an example of kindness and living. Because of this, this song [Golden Thread Song] is both hearty and profound, generous and thought-provoking. There are no gorgeous words in this poem, but it makes people feel excited and excited when reading it. It makes people feel that every word of the poem comes from the heart. Its achievements confirm a creative truth: true feelings are the life of poetry.