As far as epigraphy is concerned, the poems written by Zhang Gongyao, Li Quan, Wang, Zhang Shiqi and others are not included in Yuan Haowen's Zhongzhou Collection, Quan Jinshi, Xue and Guo's Quan Jinshi, Yan and Kang Jinsheng's Quan Liao Jin Poetry and Jin Shi Chronicle. So it can be said that this poem 10 was lost by Jinshi. I don't want to evade the resignation fee now, and the record is as follows:
Thoroughfare chariots and horses, only the first year of xuanhe. On the same day, Hanlin handed over a picture book, and the scenery was so good.
Watergate reached Suiqu in the east, but the scale of Jingyi was not as good as Watergate. The old man never gives up, so he knows that he will become a mound market today.
Chu got off Li's boat, and the south bridge on the bridge was also malodorous. Call back a colorful dream, and the flute drum tower is like a party. (Zhu Gongyao)
The capital of the old Liang State is called Eque, with 20 gates and 5 canals. What's the most flooding in the southeast? Jianghuai boats and cars.
The fan on the hub was polished and the bead curtain was full of songs. Now that the old people are crying, they still hate peace and politics. The luxury of the Song Dynasty, especially between Zheng Xuan and Zheng Xuan.
The fundamental plan for Kyoto to restore this abundance is to reach the height of the Han Dynasty. I don't care about the sufferings of the people in the distance. The luck of Huashi in the late Song Dynasty came from this door. (Ye Jun Liquan)
The attic is full of fireworks, overflowing millions of homes in Guoyu City. Whoever sends desolation into weeds, Weiyuan dictatorship is evil.
Two bridges will never cross the river. Dongmen Bridge is the second bridge, commonly known as the upper bridge and the lower bridge. Shili shengge city housing company. Now I try my best, but I'm watching the wind and smoke. (Wang)
Draw a bridge in one song, and the scenery on both sides of the strait is unparalleled in the world. Now my eyes are full of gravel, and people still have pearls.
Fan Huameng broke two bridges, and only the dragon was near the water east. Who knows that year's painting day was among the curtains of thousands of families. (Boping Zhang Shiqi)
The above-mentioned 10 poems are all four-character poems, and the way of inscription and postscript is basically the same. Among the four authors, Zhang Shiqi's life can't be tested. Now the life stories of the other three are described as follows.
Zhang Gong's Medical Poems
Zhang Gong Yao Zi Shi, whose real name is Zhu Tang, was born in Tengyang (now Tengzhou, Shandong). He was born into a noble family. He is the son of Zhang Xiaochun, the pseudo-right prime minister and the left prime minister of Shangshu Province in Jinxingtai. So he became an official in the shadow of his father. He was an official in Yancheng (now Yancheng, Henan), and later served as the deputy envoy of Chang (Xuzhou). His father Zhang Xiaochun (? -1 144) From Song to Qi. Zhang Gongyao's life information is very limited, only the second volume of Zhongzhou Collection, Zhang Yancheng Gongyao, and the ninth volume, Zhang Xiao. His son, named, his grandson Zhang, named Mao Hong, was a scholar in the second year of Cheng 'an (1 197).
Li Quanziyu, a native of Anyang, is a famous Xuanjushi and Zhang Shuiye Weng. Brief introduction of Li's copyright in the fourth volume of Zhongzhou Collection. His father, Li Qiong (1104-1153), was a national treasure. He was originally a governor of the Northern Song Dynasty, but later.
James Li's poems
He defected to the pseudo-Qi Dynasty and joined Wan Yanzong in cutting the Song Dynasty. Later, he learned about Bozhou people and guides, and held an official position in Wuning Army. Li Quan entered the official career with the help of money, but his official career was not smooth. During the Dading period, he supervised the wine tax in Xiangzhou. Zhao Bingwen Ming Chang (1 192) was transferred to Henan as a judge for about three years. After Xiangzhou, he also paid a special visit to Li Quan (Record of Mr. Yi 'an's Words and Actions in Jishui Collection, Volume 11). Later, the court was very talented and called him into the court as a writer. According to the Chronicle of Wang Qingsheng, a litterateur in Jin Dynasty, he was a litterateur in Cheng 'an period (1 196- 1200) and died in Cheng 'an period.
Yibin, Wang Zi (1 123? -1203), Mr. Yi An, an ancestor, was born in the capital of Song Dynasty.
Wang Ti's Poems
Poor family, well-read, not only in the imperial examination, but also with high reputation. In the third year of Ming Chang, the imperial court wrote a letter to recluse. Former Prime Minister Ma Jifu sentenced Kaifeng to recommend the king and was appointed as the master book by the imperial court. At that time, Wang was nearly seventy years old and soon became an official. He died in the third year of Taihe (1203). For his life, see Zhao Bingwen's Ji Shui Ji, Volume XI, Mr. Wang's words and deeds, Volume IV of Zhongzhou Ji, and Wang.
Among the above three people, Zhang Gongyao is the longest in terms of qualifications, followed by Li Quan and Wang; In terms of official positions, Zhang Gong's medicine is the highest, followed by Li Quan and Wang again. Therefore, the poems in the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival have successively reflected the differences in seniority and status. It can be inferred that these three poems should be written on the same occasion.
Zhang Shiqi's poems
The theme and style of Zhang Shiqi's poems are basically the same as the first three, but they are less critical, which reflects the emotional tendency far away from the Northern Song Dynasty. According to Yang Zhun's inscription at the back of The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, he is also a "dead old man", and there is no other clue. According to its signature, I only know that it is Boping (the county seat is now Boping Town, Chiping County, Shandong Province). In his poem, he said, "Who knows the painting day of that year among the curtains of thousands of families?" The implication is that there were no survivors in the Northern Song Dynasty. Both Zhang Gongyao and Li Quan were born in the Northern Song Dynasty. Especially Zhang Gongyao and his father Zhang Xiaochun live in Kaifeng. He has enjoyed the prosperity of the Northern Song Dynasty and is quite familiar with Kaifeng. There is no question of "Who knows the picture day of that year". Therefore, Zhang Shiqi and Zhang Gongyao should not be from the same era. In his poems, he also felt that "the eyes are full of rubble now", and Kaifeng in his works is more withered than the scenes written by Zhang Gongyao and others. Zhang Gongyao and others lived in the Jin Dynasty, and Kaifeng City would not be so dilapidated. It is doubtful that Zhang Shiqi wrote about Bianjing after the military war at the end of Jin Dynasty. Unfortunately, due to the lack of literature, we cannot make a more reliable argument.
Inscription by Zhang Zhu
To be sure, Zhang Gongyao and other four people should all be writing poems in Kaifeng. Zhang Gong's medicine poem says that "an old friend has never abandoned his profit, so he knows that today is a ruin". In view of the depression in Kaifeng, "calling back a dream morning flower, like a flute drum tower" is written from drawing to the present reality. Li Quan's "I don't care about the diseases of distant people, and there are thousands of ships every day" is also based on Kaifeng and cares about distant people. Wang's "Now his eyes are full of corn, but he looks at the wind and smoke" and Zhang Shiqi's "Now his eyes are full of rubble" are also improvisational realism. It can be judged that these poems were written in Kaifeng.
As for the writing time, we can also guess. Before these four people wrote poems, there was an inscription by Zhang Zhu:
Zhang Zeduan, also known as Hanlin, was born in Wudong. Young people study, study in the capital, and then learn to paint. This worker's boundary paintings, especially like boats, city bridges, Guo Jing, and many other homes. According to the evaluation of the picture, "West Lake's bid for the Olympic Games" and "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival" were selected as representative works. "Those who hide should cherish it. On the second day of Tomb-Sweeping Day, Zhang Zhu of Yanshan wrote an afterword.
This is the earliest inscription on the Riverside Map at Qingming Festival, which is particularly precious. Jin Wenzui by Zhang Jinwu in Qing Dynasty is included in Volume 47. It was the 26th year of Dading (1 186). This is the time limit for Zhang Gongyao and others to write poems. The lower limit of writing poetry is naturally Taihe three years after Wang died (1203). This is a rough range, and we can further narrow the time limit.
We know that although Zhang Gongyao, Li Quan and Wang have great differences in age and identity, this does not prevent them from having contacts. Zhao Bingwen's Records of Mr. Yi 'an's Words and Actions says that Wang "scholars who travel with him are all world-famous people, such as Zhang Gong's father and son, Guan Yan's, Yan's, Wu Ji, Li Yu's, Gao Gong's real Ford, Wang's Shang Yangong, Wang Bowen's gentle father, Zuo Rong's no choice, traveler Zongzhi and Lu Duo's uncle. "Wang has contacts with Zhang Hongyao and his father and son, which also shows that Zhang Hongyao is older. Wang Youshi's poem "Mr. Xie Zhutang has seen it" said, "Xizhou Xian doesn't drive, and he is willing to find each other for a few days." In his poem, Zhang Gongyao said that "remembering a colorful dream one day" is not a general statement, but a memory of his boyhood in Bianjing. When the Northern Song Dynasty perished, he would not be very young. Suppose that when the Northern Song Dynasty perished, he was 15 years old, was born in Zhenghe for two years (112), and Zhang Zhu was inscribed in Dading for twenty-six years (1 186), Zhang Gongyao was 75 years old, and Ming Chang was 83 years old. Therefore, I tend to define the time when Zhang Gongyao and others wrote poems between the 26th year of Dading and the 3rd year of Ming Chang (1186-1192). The poems inscribed by Zhang Gongyao and others are important documents to understand the spread of the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival and the water transport of Bianjing in the Northern Song Dynasty, and relevant scholars have revealed their value. However, their literary significance has not attracted the attention of researchers.
The prosperity of Bianjing shown in The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival inspired Zhang Gongyao and other late Jinzhong literati to miss the Northern Song Dynasty. This feeling was common in the early Jin Dynasty, but rare in the middle and late Jin Dynasty. When Zhang Gongyao, Li Quan and Wang Zuoshi wrote poems, it was the most peaceful Dading Mingchang period in the Jin Dynasty. The literati's feelings for the Northern Song Dynasty had gradually faded, and poets rarely showed their nostalgia for the theme of the Northern Song Dynasty. In their other extant poems, there is almost no description of the Northern Song Dynasty. It can be said that it was the riverside scene on the Qingming Festival that awakened the consciousness of staying old in the Northern Song Dynasty. Li Quan's "Crying Today" should include Zhang Gongyao, who is older than him, and himself, which is helpful to understand the feelings of literati in the late Jinzhong towards the Northern Song Dynasty and the Central Plains Dynasty.
Of course, the most prominent content of Zhang Gongyao's poems is his strong feelings about the ups and downs of ancient and modern times and the changes of the times. At the same time of feeling, it shows a beautiful yearning for the Chengping era and a profound reflection on the prosperous times of the Northern Song Dynasty. Both the extravagant propaganda criticized by Li Quan and the treacherous dictatorship denounced by Wang pointed to the essence of the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty. What is particularly rare is that Li's power is from near to far, from the busyness of transporting flowers and stones by water to the people in Jianghuai. "I don't care if the people in the distance are sick, and there are thousands of ships under the door." Through the appearance of peaceful traffic, I revealed the cruel reality of the rulers squeezing the people, showed sympathy for the general public and showed the poet's sense of social responsibility. Due to the limited poems of Zhang Gongyao and others, these lost poems can make up for some deficiencies in the study of related poets and poems in the Jin Dynasty.
(Author: China Poetics Research Center of Anhui Normal University)