1. Homer (about 9th to 8th century BC), an ancient Greek poet, was a blind singer who traveled everywhere. Born in Asia Minor. It is said that the famous epic poems "Iliad" and "Odyssey" were written by him.
2. Dante (1265-1321) Italian poet. Born into a declining aristocratic family. In 1302, he was exiled for life for opposing imperial power. The early collection of lyric poems "Rebirth" celebrates the ideal lover and expresses the longing for better times. The masterpiece "Divine Comedy". His works also include "On Imperialism", "On Common Sayings", "The Banquet", "Collection of Letters", etc.
3. Goethe (1749-1832) German poet, playwright, and thinker. Born into a wealthy family in Frankfurt am Main on the Rhine. Politically, he opposed feudal separatism, longed for German reunification, and advocated top-down social reform. Important early works include the play "Getz von Berlichingen" and the epistolary novel "The Sorrows of Young Werther". His representative works include the poetic drama "Faust", which was written based on folklore in the 16th century. Important works include the autobiography "Poetry and Truth" and the novel "William Meister's Studying and Wandering Years".
4. Byron (1788-1824) was a British romantic poet who was born into a noble family. The long poem "Child Harold's Travels" expresses his hatred of the oppression of feudal autocracy and his yearning for bourgeois freedom and democracy. His representative works include the long poem "Don Juan". The rebellious character created by Byron has a strong color of individualism, and his poems have a great influence on European Romantic literature.
5. Shakespeare (1564-1616) British Renaissance dramatist and poet. Born into a merchant family. There are 37 existing plays, two long poems, and 150 sonnets. The main plays include comedies "A Midsummer Night's Dream", "The Merchant of Venice", historical dramas "Richard III", "Henry IV", and tragedies "Romeo and Juliet", "Hamlet", "Othello", " Timon of Athens, etc.
6. Hugo (1892-1885) French writer. Born into a family of military officers. Inspired by progressive ideas, he gradually moved away from royalist views. His early works included the play "Cromwell" and the novel "Notre Dame de Paris". From 1861 to 1869, he completed the novel "Les Misérables", which described the evils of capitalist society from a humanitarian perspective. Other important works include "Sea Laborers", "The Laughing Man" and the poem "Collection of Historical Legends". He also wrote many political commentaries and speech collections.
7. Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) Indian writer, poet and social activist. Born into a landowner family. Studied in the United States. Write in Bengali and be creative throughout your life. His early works include poetry collections "Evening Song", "Morning Song" and plays "The Monk", "King and Queen", etc. Since 1903, he has successively published the novel "Shipwreck", the play "Moji Dotara", the collection of poems "New Moon Collection", and many middle and short stories. His creations had a great influence on the development of Indian literature. In 1913 he won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
8. Leo Tolstoy (1861-1910), a giant of Russian literature. Born into a noble family. After joining the army in the Caucasus in 1851, he wrote the autobiographical trilogy "Childhood", "Youth", "Youth" and "Morning of a Landlord". From 1863 to 1899, he completed the novels "War and Peace", "Anna Karenina", "Resurrection", etc. His entire creative period lasted for more than 60 years.
9. Gorky (1868-1936) the founder of Russian proletarian literature. Born into a carpentry family. Began publishing works in 1892. Since 1899, he has written novels "Foma Gordeev" and "Three People", scripts "Pitty Burgher", "Lower Class", "Enemy", novella "Ogulov Town" and other works. In 1906, he published the novel "Mother", which is considered the first socialist realist work. Other important works include the autobiographical trilogy "Childhood", "In the World", "My University", the novel "The Artamonov Family's Career", "The Life of Klim Samkin", etc.
10. Lu Xun (1881-1936), a great modern Chinese writer, thinker and revolutionist. His original name was Zhou Shuren, his courtesy name was Hencai, and he was a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Born into a dilapidated feudal family. In May 1918, he used the pen name of Lu Xun for the first time to publish the first vernacular novel "Diary of a Madman" in the history of modern Chinese literature. Before and after the May 4th Movement, he participated in the work of "New Youth" magazine and became a great standard-bearer of the "May 4th" New Culture Movement. From 1918 to 1926, he successively created and published "Scream", "Grave", "Hot Wind", "Wandering", "Weeds", "Morning Blossoms Picked at Dusk", "Huagai Collection", "Huagai Collection", etc. Special collection. Throughout his life, he made great contributions to China's cultural undertakings. His translations have been compiled into "The Complete Works of Lu Xun", "Collected Translations of Lu Xun", "Diaries of Lu Xun", and "Collected Letters of Lu Xun", and he has reprinted various ancient books compiled by Lu Xun.