Classical Chinese teaching is an important part of high school Chinese teaching. There are five required high school Chinese textbooks published by the People's Education Press, each of which has a unit of classical Chinese teaching, and the selected texts are all classics. Learning classical Chinese well will help inherit the essence of traditional Chinese culture. Although high school students have been exposed to a lot of classical Chinese, because classical Chinese is esoteric and difficult to understand compared to modern literature, and there is a big language barrier, many students are afraid of learning classical Chinese and are tired of learning. Therefore, teaching classical Chinese requires stimulating students' interest in learning. The famous Russian writer Leo Tolstoy once said: "Successful teaching requires not coercion, but stimulating students' interest." It can be seen that a strong interest in learning can make students have a strong interest in the knowledge they have learned. The desire for knowledge will prompt students to mobilize all their senses and invest in learning. In this state, students can not only maintain a sense of pleasure in the act of learning itself, learn proactively, but also better absorb the knowledge they have learned.
As the saying goes, a good start is half the battle. Yu Yi said: "In classroom teaching, to cultivate and stimulate students' interest, we should first grasp the link of introducing the text, and firmly attract students as soon as the class starts." This is like a musician setting the first note. , can find the correct key of music. It is especially important to "set the key" before class. Therefore, "introducing new courses" occupies a very important position in the classroom teaching organization structure. When teaching classical Chinese, teachers should carefully design and select entry points for effective classroom teaching activities based on the characteristics and content of classical Chinese, improve the artistry of "introducing new lessons", stimulate students' strong desire and interest in inquiry, and guide students to learn effectively. . There are many ways to introduce new courses. Below, the author will take the classical Chinese texts selected from compulsory courses 1 to 5 of the high school Chinese language published by the People's Education Press as an example to talk about the art of exciting introduction into classical Chinese teaching.
1. The story is exciting
The teaching introduction of the case "Zhu Zhiwu Retreats the Qin Army"
Sun Tzu's Art of War says: To conquer the enemy without fighting. This is the highest level of the art of war.
Story 1: Mao Sui persuaded the King of Chu and Lord Pingyuan to form a treaty to jointly resist Qin.
Story 2: In the majestic Qin Dynasty Hall, Lin Xiangru used his sharp tongue to expose the Qin King's conspiracy to seize the jade, and returned the jade to Zhao intact.
Story 3: In the face of verbal confrontation, Zhuge Liang convinced the scholars of Soochow with his sharp tongue, allowing Sun and Liu to quickly form an alliance.
In the tense and hostile situation, how did Zhu Zhiwu, with his sharp tongue, convince Uncle Qin to not only withdraw the Qin army surrounding Zheng, but also send troops to protect Zheng? Let us walk into "Zhu Zhiwu Retreats the Qin Master" and appreciate his great wisdom and courage.
2. Songs to stimulate interest
Teaching introduction of the case "Su Wu Shepherd"
Appreciate the folk song "Su Wu Shepherd": "Su Wu is not ashamed to leave the Hu Festival, snow The ground was icy and the sky was frozen, and I endured hardship for nineteen years. I drank snow when I was thirsty, and ate felt when I was hungry. I was shepherding sheep by the North Sea. My heart was set on the land of the Han Dynasty, and I still haven’t returned it. I have gone through all kinds of hardships, and my heart is as strong as a stone..."
"After all the hardships, my heart is as strong as iron and stone." The folk song goes well. A person's character is tempered in hardships and hardships. The more hardships he has, the more heroic he becomes. Let us approach Su Wu with respect, the hero of the Han Dynasty who "cannot be lewd when rich and powerful, and cannot be subdued by force".
3. Poetry stimulates interest
The teaching introduction of the case "Hongmen Banquet"
Gaixiage
Xiang Yu
The strength can lift the mountain and the world is overwhelming, but the times are not good and the glory will not fade away.
There is nothing you can do if your glory does not die! Yuxi, Yuxi, what can I do!
Song of the Gale
Liu Bang
The wind is blowing and the clouds are flying,
Weijia is returning to his hometown in the sea,
And the warriors are here to guard the four sides.
Once famous and invincible, Xiang Yu, the overlord of Western Chu, performed the classic desperate act in the history of war in the Battle of Julu. Finally, he was trapped in an ambush from all sides, and faced the surging Wujiang River and shed tears and lamented "What can I do?" Liu Bang was born in the market, but in the end he was able to defeat Xiang Yu and "defend the four directions". People say that character determines destiny. Xiang Yu's character weakness caused him to make a mistake at the Hongmen Banquet, which led to the eternal regrets of the siege of Gaixia, Farewell My Concubine, and suicide in Wujiang River. Today we will study the famous novel "Hongmen Banquet".
4. Famous quotes to stimulate interest
The teaching introduction of the case "Chibi Fu"
In the second year of Yuanfeng, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1079), Su Shi died of "Wutai" "Poetry Case" was arrested and imprisoned. This was an important turning point in Su Shi's life. Politically frustrated and hesitant, spiritually lonely and depressed, the poet, who was open-minded by nature, found relief in the Zen of Lao and Zhuang Buddhism and the joy of landscape. Yu Qiuyu's prose "Su Dongpo Breaks Out" tells the life experience and mental journey of Su Shi after he was demoted to Huangzhou due to the "Wutai Poetry Case". The author believes that this purgatory experience made Su Shi truly mature. "Su Dongpo fulfilled Huangzhou, and Huangzhou fulfilled Su Dongpo." "Maturity is a bright but not dazzling brilliance, a mellow but not greasy." Sound, a kind of calmness that no longer needs to observe the words and expressions of others, an atmosphere that finally stops complaining to the surroundings... The prelude that leads to the eternal masterpiece has sounded, and a mysterious skylight shines on Huangzhou, "Niannujiao? Red Cliff Nostalgic" and "Chibi Fu" will be produced soon.
"Let us walk together into Su Shi's famous poem "Red Cliff Ode" which is full of philosophical meaning and condenses life thinking.
5. Interesting couplets
Case "Chen Qing Biao" "Teaching Introduction
Song Dynasty scholar Zhao Yushi said in "Bin Tui Lu": "Those who read Zhuge Kongming's "Chu Shi Biao" without crying must be disloyal. Anyone who reads Li Lingbo's "Chen Qing Biao" without shedding tears must be unfilial. "It can be seen from this that "Chen Qing Biao" is the "first love and nature" article about filial piety. After previewing this article, do you think the following couplets are well drafted?
1. Chen Qing 1. The two words of loyalty and filial piety touch the king's heart
2. Chen Zhenqing's every word makes people cry, and the words of loyalty and filial piety touch the king's heart
3. The lonely grandmother's kindness in raising her is like the depth of the sea. Life is in danger and Li Mi fulfills his filial piety as high as the sky
6. Exciting situations
The teaching introduction of the case "Preface to the Lanting Collection"
(Multimedia video showing calligraphy Wang Xizhi's "Preface to the Lanting Collection" is the best in the book. The full text has 324 characters, and the writing is smooth and smooth. Later generations commented that it is "as smooth as a floating cloud, as powerful as a startling dragon, and the best calligraphy in the world." According to historical records, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty tried every possible means to search for the original work, and read and copied it day and night, which led to a great situation in the palace. After the death of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, the original work was buried in the ground as a burial object. Later, the tomb was stolen. , the original work has been lost forever, and it has become an eternal regret. What we have now is a Tang Dynasty copy of "The Preface to the Lanting Collection", which is also the best in the text. This preface was written by Wang Xizhi after a gathering with like-minded friends. Yes. Today, let’s take a look at the beautiful scenery, elegant events, and tranquility of 1,600 years ago in this famous article.
7. Suspense and Interesting
The case of "Jing Ke Assassins the King of Qin". "Teaching Introduction
"The wind rustles and the water becomes cold. A strong man will never return once he is gone. "Hearing Jing Ke's generous lament, we seem to have traveled through history to the Warring States Period, and witnessed Prince Yan and his guests, all dressed in white, bidding farewell to Jing Ke by the Yishui River. Jing Ke drove away in his car, but no longer cared about it. The strong man left with his heart in mind. He embarked on a journey to assassinate the King of Qin alone. Do you want to know how the disparity in strength between the lonely assassin of Yan and the powerful King of Qin unfolded? Do you want to see the ending of this thrilling story? Then let us walk into the Qin Kingdom two thousand years ago and walk into this tense and thrilling historical struggle scene!
In addition to the above methods! , there are many ways to introduce new lessons. The design of successful introductions can quickly create a strong learning atmosphere, attract students' attention in the first few minutes of class, stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning, invigorate students, and make students happy. Enter classroom learning with interest and dilute their fear of learning classical Chinese. Introducing new lessons is an art. Teachers need to carefully design and boldly innovate when teaching classical Chinese, so as to become a good "teacher" and lead students into the palace of classical Chinese. .
(Editor Zhang Yixiang)