Knowledge points of classical Chinese 1
Hongmen banquet knowledge point
First, interchangeable characters
1, from the customs, not a vassal:
Distance-refuse, resist, resist; Internally-accept, accept;
2. Sean and Xiang Bo:
Want-invite, invite;
3, I dare not era:
Turn back the clock and betray;
4, must fleas uninvited to thank:
Fleas-early;
5. Give generals and ministers a lesson:
Estrangement, estrangement, bad feelings;
6. Pei Gong's participation in Fan Kuai is also:
Participate in hitchhiking-hitchhiking: the person sitting on the right side of the car is a bodyguard;
Second, the flexible use of parts of speech
1, Pei Gong wants Wang Guanzhong:
King: king-be king;
2. Number of people in Fan Zeng:
Eyes: eyes-blink;
3, guide the Yang line:
Road: road-take the road;
4. Pei Simon remembered the night chi; Go after dark:
Night: night-overnight;
5. My brother's business:
Brother: Brother-treat him as a brother;
6, often full of wings:
Wings: wings like wings;
7. Hair refers to:
up:up-up；
8, look at the general day and night:
Day and night: day and night; Day and night;
9. I live in:
Keep alive;
10, Pei Gong rode for more than a hundred days:
Slave: making ... slaves;
1 1, Su Liang:
Kindness: Kindness-making friends and being friendly to others;
12, Qiu dare not approach:
Near: opposite to "far"-pollution and contact;
Third, the word is polysemy.
(A) the function word "for"
1, used as the verb sound wé i.
Table action: do, act, act, become, become.
Shi Zi A Ying Xiang.
Express one's views: think
Stealing for the king without taking it away.
Table judgment; be
Man is a knife and I am a fish.
Step 2 be used as a preposition
Passive; For what/for what ...
If it belongs to all, it is captured by others.
Table reason, involving object sound wèi
Be careful not to die for a woman, no matter what your feelings are/who is king for this purpose;
Step 3 use as an auxiliary word
Sentence-ending mood, interrogative mood or rhetorical mood
What is resignation?
(B) Function words "reasons"
1, verbs: follow and continue
Influenced by heritage, because of one's own heritage.
2. Noun: reason, reason
There is no reason to meet today (there is no chance to meet now)
3. Conjunction: the table is inherited, so, just
On this day, Wang Xiang and Pei Gong stayed together to drink.
Table reason, because, because
Mouse, Zishen, don't keep a cat or dog because you love mice (mouse, Zishen, don't keep a cat or dog because you like mice)
4. Prepositions:
By virtue of, conditions
Take advantage, slaughter the world and split mountains and rivers.
use
Because Ji Peigong is sitting/because he is recruiting Pei Gong/because he said,
Because, because
What you add, you think unreasonably, and you get false returns.
(C) Function word "er"
1, table purpose: here, used for
Officer, seal the state treasury and wait for the general.
2. Table transfer: but, but
Today's people can do a lot, and they can hit it with one blow.
3. Dining table decoration: (ground, same)
Ministers and generals tried to attack the state of Qin.
4. Dining table decoration: (ground, same)
Wang Xiang pressed his sword and said:
5. Progressive table: and
A gentleman is knowledgeable, but he can help himself.
6. Table juxtaposition: and, or not translated.
Hard work and high achievement.
7. Table: Then, the next one.
Draw your sword and cut it.
(D) Content words
1 for
Show the jade Jue to the third son:
Verbs, lift, lift;
After the secretariat, I was honored as a scholar:
Verb, recommend, recommend
Fan Jinzhong:
Noun, imperial examination system
The defenders died, and the letter valley was closed as follows:
Verb, conquer, occupy
If you die today, if you plan something big, you will also die:
Verb, start
If you can't kill people:
Adverb, all, all
2. thank you
Pei Gong came to see Wang Xiang from hundreds of rides, and Xie Yue said
Verb, apology, apology
Thank you, get up and drink at once.
Verb, thank you
Is for Sean to stay and thank you.
Verb, farewell
Sean thanked him and said, "This is too much repetition for me."
Verb, apologize
In the past, Chu Yang was old, thanks to her family husband.
Verb, farewell
A Mu Xie matchmaker
Verb, refuse
Thank you, posterity. Don't forget to be careful.
Verb, exhortation
Fourth, key sentence patterns
(1) prepositional object
1, interrogative sentences, interrogative pronouns as objects, and then prepositional objects.
1) Why did you come here?
2) Is Pei Hongan there?
3) What is the king doing here?
4) Who is the guest?
(Common interrogative pronouns: Who, He, An, Who, Hu)
2, negative sentences, pronouns as objects, and then prepositional objects.
1) But if you are not the king, you will have nothing.
As the object of a verb, it comes first in a negative sentence.
2) Ancient people were not bullied.
No one lied to me before; As the object of verb bullying, the pronoun remainder comes before the negative sentence)
3. "Shi" and "Zhi" are the symbols of preposition object, which are used to emphasize and highlight the object.
1) What's the problem? /What does Jiang hate?
(symbol as the object of preposition)
2) Is innocence too much?
(symbol as the object of preposition)
(B) adverbial postposition (prepositional phrase postposition/prepositional structure postposition)
1, greedy for money;
2. Pei Gong, Sajima and Cao Wushang made people talk to Xiang Yu;
3. tell the truth;
4, longer than the minister;
5. I must see the general again here;
6, because of playing repeatedly;
7. Fan Kuai covered the shield on the ground.
(3) Judgment
1, this son of heaven is also angry;
2, Chu Zuobo, Xiang Fu also;
Therefore, those who are sent to guard the customs should be prepared for other thieves to come in and out.
4. It is unjust to hit people when they have great achievements;
5. Pei Gongshen Fan Kuai also;
6. Continue the death of Qin today;
(D) Fixed sentence patterns
1, which is more than ...:
2. Nothing in the army is interesting: Nothing: Nothing ...;
3. Wang Xiang didn't respond: it was used for ...;
4. Why ... Why? Why?
China classical Chinese knowledge points II
Chen Qingbiao's knowledge points
First, interchangeable characters
1, Su Su was murdered.
Min, Tong Min, what are you worried about?
2. Weird and lonely.
Zero ding, calendar "independence", lonely face.
I have six out of forty this year.
Yes, through "again" and more.
Second, the flexible use of parts of speech
1, I can't report it.
Above: Nouns as adverbials, upward.
2. I was overwhelmed by the fear of dogs and horses.
Dogs and horses: Nouns are adverbials, like dogs and horses.
3, there is no close relative living outside.
Foreigner: Nouns as adverbials, outside the home.
3. There is no answer outside the door.
Inside, nouns as adverbials, at home.
4. Later, Liu became ill.
Day: Nouns as adverbials, day after day. Benedict: Adjectives are aggravated as verbs.
5. I was killed.
Xiong Min: It is unfortunate that adjectives are used as nouns.
6. The accusation is humble.
Humble: Adjective used as a noun, a humble person.
7. I am less ill.
Sick: Nouns are used as verbs to get sick.
8.( 1) Smelly appearance. 2 worship the table.
Smell: use the verb make ... smell and do ... know.
Third, the word is polysemy.
(A) the function word "to"
1 used as a preposition
1) indicates the tools and methods used or relied on by actions and behaviors. It can be translated as "use", "take", "rely on", "basis", "follow" and "use (rely on) ... identity".
The accusation is very humble.
By, preposition.
I have a gift for showing it.
Use, take and preposition.
Wang Yi, Deputy Marshal of Fenyang
because ...
2) indicating the reason, preposition.
I am in danger/I need support.
But it's a pity that Liu Ri is dying in Xishan/I just dare not waste it, because.
Step 2 use as a conjunction
The relationship between the rich and the poor is close, and the table is tied.
I sincerely worship the relationship between the table and the thing.
I can't bear to have a riot today, but I want to mess up the emperor's affairs to show the relationship between purpose and purpose.
Wood is flourishing and water is trickling, which indicates the relationship.
(2) The function word "zhi" is used as an auxiliary word.
(1), placed between the attribute and the head word, indicates modification.
A close relative who has no career outside is not within five feet of the door. Between center and center.
The minister's hard work, the people who are not alone in Shu and the herdsmen in the two States are obvious to all. Between center and center.
(2) Used between subject-predicate structures, it cancels the independence of sentences and does not translate and auxiliary words.
I'm in a dilemma. It's a mess. Can't translate
(C) the text focuses on grasping the substantive words
1, when
(1) works in the East Palace. Act as a verb.
(2) I was born as a meteorite and died as a grass. Affirmation, adverb.
2. Life
(1) Quit to die. Dating, noun.
(2) People's lives are in danger. Life, life, nouns.
(3) More interdependence. Life, survival, noun.
Step 3: Last
(1) has neither an uncle nor a brother. Cooperate with "you" to play a joint role, which is quite dry "you" and conjunction.
(2) The remaining years have no end. End, end, verb.
(3) I am willing to support it. End, verb.
(4) The notional words indicating the change of official positions.
1, except for appointment and conferring, generally refers to withdrawing the old post and conferring a new post.
2, reward, is a special decree issued by the emperor, giving official positions, titles or titles.
3. Selection and promotion. "Beyond" means "beyond the box".
4. change officials.
5. Sacrifice, conferring official positions and appointment refer to the emperor conferring official positions.
6, migration, change of office, refers to the general transfer.
7. The demotion of an official is equivalent to demotion.
On the 8th, Miao pointed out that Beijing was appointed.
9. Leave your post. Zhang Hengchuan: "I left my post as a historian and returned five years later."
10, Hu, abolish exemption, dismiss from office. "Biography of Qu Yuan": "Qu Yuan is in mourning, and the later Qin Dynasty wants to cut Qi and kiss Chu."
1 1, release, exile. Sometimes, it also refers to the transfer of Beijing officials to other places, such as Tan Sitong, "that is, the magistrate of Ningxia was released and promoted to Ningxia Road."
12, promotion refers to the promotion and appointment of officials. For example, Zhuge Liang's "Teacher's Watch": "In the palace, everything is one, and it is not appropriate to be the same."
13, sealed up and removed from office. For example, "Shubo Chicken Personnel" and "The emissary was arrested and defended, threatening to seize his official position".
14, strike, recall office. "Shu Bo chicken thing" "throw another insult to the king, make it."
15, reply, restore the old post. "Tibetan emissary to restore official position" in Ji Bo Shi Zhe
Fourth, key sentence patterns
(A) fixed sentence patterns
1, neither an uncle nor a brother. "Bi … finally …" is the collocation of the conjunction "Bi" and "finally", which means more than one aspect and can be translated as "Bi … and …" or "Bi … also".
2. hope "Have something …" and "have nothing …" are relative formats. It means "people (things, things) and ...". The word "suo" must follow a verb. "Suo" and the verbs behind it constitute the nominal structure of "Suo" and act as the object of "You".
3. I don't have a grandmother, even today; Grandma Chen Yuan, the years have no end. "Wuye" is a combination of the verb "Wu" and the preposition "Yi", which is also written as "Wuye", meaning "omnipotent" and "omnipotent".
4, so I just dare not waste it. "Shi" is a conjunction object-object phrase, that is, the inversion of "Shi", indicating the result or conclusion. Used at the beginning of a clause or sentence (sometimes after the subject) to connect clauses or sentences that explain the reasons, which can be translated as "so" and "so".
5, the minister's hard work, Shu is not alone, and the herdsmen in Erzhou know that the emperor's reality is * * *. "Non-independence", a conjunction, means that there are further meanings besides what is said. The last clause used in complex sentences can be translated into "not only", "not only" and "not only".
(2) Passive sentences
1, Liu Suying is ill. Baby, be entangled ...
2. The garrison called, Hangu lifted Hangu Pass and was conquered.
2. If it belongs to all and is captured by others, it means passivity.
3. I belong to the present, and "doing" is passive.
4, physical death and hand injury, laughing for the world "passive".
5. "Yu" means being passive regardless of time.
6. Qin Cheng was afraid that he wouldn't get it, but what he saw was bullying. "Look" means passive.
Knowledge points of classical Chinese 3
Duan Taiwei's anecdote knowledge points
First, interchangeable characters
1. No, don't call. Qiè, using "promise" means satisfaction and happiness.
2. The vertebral pot is on Yingying Road. Vertebra, pass the "mallet", hit and smash.
3. Qiu's judgment is embarrassing. Xun, preach "Xun" and humble.
4. In and out of the neighborhood. Yi, tong "Taihe", now Shaanxi Wuren.
Second, the flexible use of parts of speech
1. Stab the wine Weng and the bad brewer with a blade. Bad: cause to use, make ... bad.
The first battalion made a lot of noise. A: Nouns are verbs. Put on your armor.
3. I trapped you. Dilemma: To put ... in a difficult position.
4. if you can't reach it, you will achieve your goal. Da: Use verbs to express it.
5. Cracked clothes and wounds. Clothes: nouns are used as verbs and wrapped in clothes.
6. Why do you want to hit Guo with chaos? Use, corrupt.
Third, the word is polysemy.
(A) the function word "and"
1 as a conjunction
I will not avoid death. Why don't I quit drinking? Still, still, the table gives in.
Life is like Nanshan stone, four bodies are healthy and straight, and the table is knotted.
2. As adverbs
Do something? Will,
Sin and deputy marshal will
Nearly ninety years old.
I swear I won't part and go home for the time being. Let's just wait.
Step 3: Fixed usage
Husband: put it at the beginning of the sentence, indicating that the following is further discussion.
Moreover, the world is not small and weak, and Yongzhou is solid and self-sufficient. In addition, in addition
Besides, between heaven and earth, everything has its own owner. In addition, in addition,
(B) the function word "then"
1, used as a conjunction
1) table, just, then.
There are many tourists if you are near, but few people if you are far away.
2) Table hypothetical relationship, if, if.
If you go in, you can't go home, but if you go out, you will be invincible, and the country will die.
3) indicates a turning point, but, but, yes.
On it, it is shameful and chaotic.
2. Used as an adverb to express judgment, yes, yes, yes.
This is the magnificent view of Yueyang Tower.
(c) The notional word "sincerity"
1 used as a noun
The emperor felt very sincere, and ordered the boasting second son to be sincere: noun, sincerity.
2. Used as an adverb
This sincerity is also the sincerity in the autumn of life and death: adverbs, affirmation, certainty, certainty.
Step 3 use as a conjunction
Public sincerity orders people to be sincere with capital: combination means hypothesis and truth.
(d) The notional word "solid"
1, my husband is strong and solid, close to Gu Fei: adjective, the city wall is impregnable.
2. Consolidating the country does not depend on mountains and rivers.
3, the heart of a single husband, more and more arrogant and solid: adjectives, stubborn, stubborn.
4. Lin Xiangru's solidity: adjectives, fortitude and persistence.
5, people are inherently mortal, or heavier than Mount Tai, or lighter than a feather: adverb, originally, originally, of course.
(e) The substantive word "appropriate"
1, a boat trip in Lin 'an, Yu Zi is for you: verb, go. ...
If you are poor and have this daughter, it is appropriate to return to China: verb, the woman gets married.
3, there is no proper rhyme, naturally love Qiu Shanshi: verbs, fit, adapt
4. Suitability and horizon from the top view (from the top view, it is just the same as horizon) Suitability: adverb, just right.
5. Get the official letter and see you tomorrow: adverb, just now, just now.
Fourth, key sentence patterns
(1) prepositional object
1, who wants to blame: in interrogative sentences, the interrogative pronoun "who" is the object of the verb "blame", so it comes first.
2. Why is the interrogative pronoun "He" used as the object of the preposition "One" in Heaven and Earth, so it is a preposition?
elliptical sentence
1. Tell (Shangguan) and (Shangguan) not to be ambiguous. Omit the object of "tell" and the subject of "prohibit"
2. (Gong) I went to be a soldier, and Gong is the subject "Gong".
3. Wei Xiao, the former prefect minister, was a poor minister, and Rong, the secretariat minister, was a scholar. Omit the predicate of "minister"
Worship (for) a doctor/minister (for) a horse. Omit the predicate of "minister"
4. The object of the verb "smell" is omitted, and both places mean "emperor".
5. Personally, what is omitted by the verb "Gao" with an object.
6. Agronomy Annals warns to omit the object of the preposition "one"
7. Take Zhisinong as an example, and omit the object of the preposition "one".
However, this power is enough (but not for the sake of), because people can laugh at omitting the clause "but not for the sake of"
Knowledge points of classical Chinese in senior high school;
★ Summary of high school Chinese knowledge points
★ Summary of knowledge points of classical Chinese in senior high school.
★ Summary of classical Chinese knowledge points in senior three.
★ Summary of Knowledge Points of Classical Chinese in Senior High School by People's Education Edition
★ Summary of knowledge points of classical Chinese reading in college entrance examination
★ A complete collection of knowledge points of college entrance examination Chinese classical Chinese.
★ Knowledge points of classical Chinese in senior one.
★ Organize the knowledge points of classical Chinese in senior three.
★ Knowledge points of classical Chinese in college entrance examination