(2) First, it is to show the tranquility of the countryside and your carefree state of mind. The masterpiece in this respect is the first song of Return to the Garden. This poem was written in the second year after the poet retired from Pengze. It mainly describes the happy mood after resigning and returning to the field and the joy of living in the countryside. The fifth poem "Drinking", "Building a house is under human conditions", describes his leisurely seclusion.
(3) Secondly, Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems enthusiastically eulogize agricultural labor and the friendship established with farmers. The representative work in this respect is the third song of Returning to the Garden (Planting beans in Nanshan), which truly expresses his mood of participating in labor and his desire to plant crops in time. The poem "Early Rice Harvest in September, Geng Xusui" describes Geng Xu's happy mood and interest in the autumn harvest.
(4) Third, Tao Yuanming still has a small number of pastoral poems reflecting rural poverty and his poor life. The representative work in this respect is the fourth poem "Returning to the Garden" (A Journey to Yamazawa), which reflects the dilapidated and desolate countryside after war, famine or plague, and reflects the real situation of the countryside at that time.
(5) Fourthly, Peach Blossom Garden Poetry and Peach Blossom Garden Story are the new developments of Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems. This is the work of his later years. From official career to pastoral, and from pastoral to taoyuan, it is the poet's further pursuit of ideals. In his early years, the ideal of "helping students greatly" was shattered in his official career, so he pinned his obese ideal on the countryside and lived in seclusion as a farmer. After working in the countryside for a long time, life is getting poorer and poorer, and life is becoming more and more difficult to maintain. He also learned more about farmers' thoughts and wishes. In this way, the social ideal of a utopian peach blossom garden is gradually formed. The society of Taohuayuan is simply a society where everyone works and is self-sufficient without exploitation and oppression, and it is also a free, rich and peaceful society.
(6) Tao Yuanming's poems and epics inherited the tradition of Ruan Ji and Zuo Si, and around the contradiction between being an official and retiring, they showed the anguish that the ideal could not be realized, and the noble character of not colluding with the rulers, and also exposed the darkness of social politics in a tortuous way. Most poems, such as Miscellaneous Poems and Reading Shan Hai Jing, belong to this category. The second poem of Miscellaneous Poems (Sunset on the Xijiang River) describes his grief and indignation, indicating that the poet is still in the depression of seclusion. For example, the tenth poem of Reading the Classic of Mountains and Seas eulogizes the spirit of revenge of Jing Wei and Xing Tian, which is the expression of the poet's own anti-violence feelings.