"Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty" contains one volume of Yang Juyuan's poems, totaling more than 150 poems, several of which are also found in other people's poetry collections. The author found that among the large number of poems he gave to others and sang in return, the majority were about the military life in the frontier fortress. Yang Juyuan served for five or six years as Liu Ji, the military governor of Youzhou, and Zhang Hongjing, the military governor of Hezhong, for five or six years. Therefore, most of his poems wrote about life in the frontier fortress barracks, describing the desolate and cold scenery outside the fortress, and showing the marching and fighting of the border guards. Life scenes such as hunting and hunting express their heroic spirit of serving the country by killing enemies. For example, "Gift to History of Kaifeng": "The sky is low and the weeds are on the battlefield. Deng Ai knows in his heart that the battlefield is wide. The drum horns return to the dawn of the frosty field, and the flags are high to the cold snow peaks. The five battalions rise towards the water and red dust, with a sword facing the wind in the daytime. Once from Fu Fu The poet conquered the vast territory, and the Qixi Tibetan tribe was afraid of the golden saddle. "The poet narrated the experience of Kaifeng swearing to kill the enemy and marching on the battlefield, showing the momentum of the Tang army to frighten the enemy. Another example is "He Pei She Ren Guan Tian Shangshu Goes Hunting", which describes Wei Bo Jiedushi envoy Tian Hongzheng's majestic hunting postures of "flying in the dust" and "bending his bow to open the moon". When reading, it feels like a shuo wind blowing on your face. The five-character rhyme "He Lushe Renxi Zhang Yuanwai sent twenty rhymes to the border after returning from Beifan" describes the scene of Tang Dynasty officials returning from a mission to Beifan and completing the mission of peace with the Rong. It expresses the envoy's willingness to live in friendship with neighboring countries. The desire for peace and stability on the frontier. The poet gave a vivid and realistic description of the scenery of the frontier fortress and the customs and habits of the northern ethnic minorities.
During the Mid-Tang Dynasty, the separatist situation between vassal towns was extremely serious. They attacked each other or colluded with each other, and even claimed the title of king and founded the country, changed their title to Jianyuan, and fought against the Tang Dynasty. Yang Juyuan hated the domination of the feudal town deeply. He wrote many poems praising the Tang Dynasty's victory in quelling the rebellion in the feudal towns and expressing his political stance of opposing separatism and supporting unity. The ideological content of these works is of progressive significance. In July of the first year of Changqing (821), Tian Hongzheng, the military envoy of the Chengde Army at that time, was killed by Wang Tingcuo, the military envoy of the Yamen. The king claimed to have stayed behind and launched a rebellion. Mu Zong used Pei Du as the envoy to lead the army to conquer. In November, Pei Du defeated thieves in Huixing Town. In February of the following year, Mu Zong issued an edict to "wash the snow", that is, to pardon Wang Tingcuo's crime. Yang Juyuan wrote a poem "The Holy Grace Washes the Snow in Zhenzhou and Sends it to Mr. Pei": "The sky uses the spring light to wash the green forest, and the dust of war is collected and the shadow of the flowers is seen. It is the virtue of a king to live well, so why not endure death? "Zeng He Jieyun went over the fence, but he still heard that the two flags came into the camp yesterday, and Xiao Xiang was speechless and wet with tears." The poet praised Pei Du with enthusiasm. He led the army to suppress the rebellion and performed great righteousness on the thieves and chieftains. The opening line is majestic and heroic, and the concluding line "Xiao Xiang is speechless and wet with tears" expresses Pei Du's excitement and complex mood, which is generous and heroic and shocking.
Yang Juyuan is good at lyricism and narrative. In many of his poems about border defense and counterinsurgency, he was able to seamlessly combine lyricism and narrative, using narrative to express emotion and narrating within lyricism, thereby outlining each and every vivid image of heroic generals. The five-character rhyme "To the Veteran Next Door" describes a veteran who has been fighting for ten years in the harsh environment of a lonely city in a desert and a moonlit night. He has "golden sores for thousands of miles" and has repeatedly made military exploits but has not been rewarded. In the end, he "exerted all his strength" Poor countryside". The poem ends with the chant: "The old bird is saddened by the sea, and the eagle is in decline but misses the frost. There is a solitary sword in my spare time, and I open the box and touch my clothes." This poem exposes the ignorance and ruthlessness of rewards and punishments of the rulers, and praises the sincerity of the veterans to devote themselves to the country. The characters are vivid and the mood of the poem is tragic. It can be read together with Wang Wei's famous seven-character song "The Journey of the Veteran". Qilu's "Two poems sent by Ji Xun from Taiyuan to Li Guangyan's servants in the past" written by Qilu says: "The jade plug contains a sad sight of the flying geese, and Beiyuan has a new edict to worship Long Xiang. Brothers are true flying generals in this world, and the brave tigers feel like home when they return. The drum horns are floating in the wind. Qi, the flag reflects the water and shines with autumn light. The source of the river is still strong in the center of the earth, smiling towards the sky thousands of miles away. Zheng Situ. I once heard that the enemy was defeated by the enemy, and he wrote a poem to suppress the corrupt Confucianism. He knew that the enemy had an opportunity, so he did not bother to talk about Yin Fu. "(Part 2) The character Li Guangyuan in the poem is similar to him. His elder brother Guangjin made outstanding contributions in conquering Tibet and suppressing the rebellion. Therefore, Guangyuan became a Situ and joined Tongzhongshu's family to pacify affairs. The poet praised him as a "long sword that relies on the sky" and a "true flying general", and also admired him for his ability in both civil and military affairs. In the seven-rhythm poem with strict rhythm, the poet skillfully and freely used techniques such as poems, allusions, and discussions. With his majestic and unrestrained pen and ink, he integrated scene description, narrative, and lyricism, and wrote about this great general. The instrument is majestic and full of energy. In addition, "Gift to General Zhang" writes about the young general "The sword of the independent camp is frosty", and "Gift to Hun Ju Zhongyun" writes "The moon is blooming in the wilderness of Ma Pan, and the wild geese fall in the cold field with arrows in the clouds". Hun Ju, the son of the famous general, They can capture vivid and expressive images and highlight the majestic appearance of the characters.
Frontier military poetry is an important variety of Tang poetry and a wonder in the history of ancient Chinese poetry. In the poetry world of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, outstanding frontier poets emerged, represented by Gao Shi, Cen Shen, Wang Changling and others. In the Dali period, there were also Li Yi, who was good at writing seven unique poems about frontier fortresses, and Lu Lun, who wrote a group of five unique poems about military affairs. After the Dali calendar, frontier fortress military poems became increasingly rare. However, Yang Juyuan created so many frontier fortress military poems during the Yuanhe and Changqing years. Although his artistic innovation is insufficient and his achievements are not as good as those of Gao, Cen, Wang, Li and others, they are commendable. , worthy of attention.
It can be seen from Yang Juyuan's poems on various themes that he is a poet who is concerned about the country and the people, has a sense of justice, and is clear about love and hate. His five-rhythm poem "Deng Ningzhou City Tower" goes: "Song Yu was originally sad for autumn, but now he is climbing up the stairs. Going down to Qingbo City, this meaning is heavy and lingering. In the evening, the chrysanthemums are on the cup, and the cold mountains are full of sorrow.
Therefore, the pass is not inland, and it is a shame for the Han family. "After the Anshi Rebellion, the land of Hehuang was lost to Tubo. Tubo continued to harass Guanzhong, so that the old pass of Ningzhou, which was originally inland, became a frontier fortress, which aroused the flames of shame and anger in the poet. During the Mid-Tang Dynasty, eunuchs controlled the government and acted unscrupulously. , did whatever he wanted. Yang Juyuan did not directly criticize the eunuchs' crimes in his poems, but when loyal ministers such as Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen were demoted for disobeying the eunuchs, Yang Juyuan wrote "Send to Bai Sima of Jiangzhou" and "Send to Yuanjiu of Tongzhou" with great sympathy. "Shi Yu" and other poems are given to each other to give comfort and encouragement to frustrated friends. These two seven-line poems are imprinted with the poet's ancient heart and deep friendship, which can really make people cry. Yang Juyuan also has some poems that show his sustenance in chanting objects and describing scenes. It reflects the poet's own tranquil state of mind and noble character, such as "Bamboo on the Pond": "A clump of beautiful flowers surrounded by clear waves. The air is moist and the smoke is heavy in the evening, and the light is leisurely and the autumn dew is abundant. The green clouds enter the sparse willows, and the clear shadows touch the round lotuses. Yan Langgan is solid in his years, and his heart is full of phoenixes. "The poet placed the green bamboo in the environment of twilight autumn colors, clear waves and cool dew, and set it off with sparse willows and round lotuses. At the end, he wrote that the gentleman's bamboo among the trees hopes that the phoenix among the birds will fly to accompany him, implicitly expressing elegance and refinement. Yang Juyuan also wrote a number of poems with the theme of Wen Ying listening to music, such as "Winter Night Accompanying Qiu Shiyu and Listening to Cui Xiaoshu Playing the Qin", "Listening to Li Ping Playing the Koonhou", and "Listening to the Zheng in the Snow". , "Listening to the Qin in the Monastery", "Hearing the Orioles at Spring Dawn with Mr. Wu", etc., which express his high sentiment and taste for beautiful music, and also pioneered the theme of music poetry. In the late Tang Dynasty, Zhang Wei included Yang Juyuan in the "Poet's Host and Guest Picture". The "Qi Ya Zheng" group is discerning.