I had an upright character when I was young, but pursuing worldly fame and fortune changed my original appearance. The change that goes against my ambition seems like just yesterday. In a flash, more than 20 years have passed and I am now the age I am now. Worldly experience makes me dare not face the aloofness of youth, and my tired body and mind make me ashamed to mention my upright and firm past. The clumsy loss of officialdom, followed by the entanglement of illness, finally gave me the opportunity to return to my birthplace. Following the emperor's order, he went to the seaside to serve as an official, and took a circuitous route to the old manor. Climbing over one cliff after another, the endless flowing water rushes up and down endlessly. The mountains are high and steep, with countless overlapping peaks, and the rivers are winding and the islands are endless. White clouds embrace the abrupt and gloomy overhanging rock peaks, and elegant and beautiful thin bamboos and ivy creep on the clear ripples. The buildings are built beside the swirling river, and the terraces and pavilions are backed by high cliffs. I wave goodbye to my neighbors and will be transferred back after three years of service. Plant some white elms and catalpa trees for me, and don’t let me down my wish to return to my roots and live forever.
Xie Lingyun (385-433), Han nationality, was from Kuaiji, Zhejiang. He was originally a member of the Xie family in Chen County. The grandson of Xie Xuan, a famous general in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was nicknamed "Ke" and was known as Xie Ke. He also granted the title of Duke Kang Le and thanked him, Duke Kang, and Kang Le. A famous landscape poet, his main creative activities were in the Liu and Song Dynasties, and he was the founder of the landscape poetry school in the history of Chinese literature. The main achievement lies in landscape poetry. Starting from the spiritual movement, landscape poetry has become a major genre in the history of Chinese literature.
Passing Shi Ningshu
Era of the Southern and Northern Dynasties
Author Xie Lingyun
Five-character poems
My hair is bound to my heart, The things were pushed and moved.
It seems like yesterday that I violated my will, and it is now the second century.
The phosphorus is Xie Qingkuang, and the tired body is ashamed of Zhenjian.
Clumsy and disease rely on each other thinly, and those who still need to be quiet will have trouble.
Cut the bamboo to guard the sea, and sail across the old mountains in vain.
The journey to the mountains is difficult, and the water is wading all along the way.
The steep rocks and ridges are stacked together, and the islands are continuous.
White clouds embrace the quiet stone, and the green Xiaomei is clear and clear.
The building is near the Huijiang River, and the base of the temple has been built on top.
Waving my hand to tell the hometown song, I will return home after three years.
I am a tree with tangerines, and I have no words to say.
"Passing the Ningshu" was created in the Southern Song Dynasty. The author Xie Lingyun was the founder of the Chinese landscape poetry school. He came from a famous family and was talented, but his official career was bumpy. The whole poem is divided into three levels. The first level is from the sentence "Tie your hair" to "Those who still have to be quiet", which repeatedly expresses their own aspirations. The sentence "cutting the bamboo" to "building the base of the temple was once at the top" is the original description of the old house and the management of the old residence. The following four sentences of "waving hands" express his desire to retreat to his hometown once his term of office is over. From the beginning of the Yuanxing period (402-404) to the time when he was demoted to write poems (422), Xie Ke went from being a weakling to a young man and becoming more mature. This was close to the "second era" (the 12th year of the first era, so this is a number) The years are the most prosperous period of life. However, for the poet who "claims that his talent is suitable for participation in power" ("Song Shuben Biography"), it turns out to be a lot of ups and downs. Liu Yu's growing power was already a bad luck for the Xie family, a hero of the Jin Dynasty, but he was "on the wrong team" again and again in the unpredictable political situation. He first joined the army with Liu Yu's political rival Liu Yi as a reporter. As a result, Liu Yi was executed. Xie Hun, his uncle and mentor who was lucky, also rebelled and brought disaster at the same time. Although he survived, it was difficult for him to gain trust. After the Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty, although he was already famous at that time, he was only regarded as a literary courtier by the emperor. Liu Yu was dying of illness, and a dispute over the succession broke out. He set his sights on the second prince Liu Yizhen, but he was wrong again. When the young emperor came to the throne, Yizhen was pushed to Liyang. His good friend Yan Yanzhi was released to Shi'an, and he was demoted to Yongjia. Twenty years passed by like flowers, and the endless emotion was triggered by the old house, and rushed out, which became the emotion in the first eight lines of the poem. He repeatedly stated that he had little ambition to be upright and loyal, and entered the officialdom by mistake, which was actually contrary to his original intention and stained with dirt. This was of course a wise statement inspired by the fact that his ancestors lived in high places and far away from disaster; but because in fact, these twenty years were He failed to pursue his achievements and his aspirations were shattered, so the "clear space" he called could not be as satisfying and peaceful as Naizu's ambitions when he retired after his achievements. From the poem's description of the early official scene twenty years ago, it seems like yesterday; from the example of a famous official from the Han Dynasty who suffered from many setbacks in the officialdom, it is not difficult to see his "clear and open" spirit. The deep anger. The so-called "clumsy and disease rely on each other weakly, and still have to be quiet", on the surface it means that the clumsy official and the disease gave him the convenience of returning to his roots and reviving his life, living quietly in a mountain villa to fulfill his original intention; but in fact it is this "quiet man" "A subtle expression of inner injustice. This kind of deep anger inspired by the ancestors' deeds and virtues and coming out of the clear air is the consistent meaning of the whole poem. It flows into the description of the scenery on the second level, and finally stops as the third level of warning to the folks. , the vow to return to the mountain and live in seclusion after serving for three years. This vow was very poisonous. Li Shan's note on this poem in "Selected Works" says: "The Biography of the Zuo Family says: 'In the early days, (Lu) Ji Sun planted six trees for himself outside the east gate of the futon.' Du Yu (note) ) said: "枧, if you want to make a coffin for yourself." Lu Xiang noted: "枞枧, the name of the tree. The people in the village said: Plant this tree for me on the grave, and you will not let me down." The words of his wish. '" He expected to go into seclusion, but actually said that he wanted to be buried after death. The more serious the vow, the deeper the resentment in his heart became.