Meng Haoran spent the first half of his life mainly staying at home to study with relatives and adapting his own poems. Once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. At the age of 40, you should travel to Beijing and return to Xiangyang. When I was in Chang 'an, I made friends with Zhang Jiuling, Wang Wei and Wang Changling. There is a poem title. After roaming in wuyue, the landscape is extremely poor, so as to solve the frustration of official career. He died of overeating. Meng Haoran's poems are mostly five-character short stories with limited themes. He writes more about landscapes, pastoral areas, seclusion and travel. Although it is not without cynicism, it is more of a poet's self-expression. He and Wang Wei also said that although his poems were not as broad as Wang's, they had unique artistic attainments, and he was the pioneer of the pastoral poetry school in Tang Dynasty after Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun and Xie Tiao. Meng Ke's poems are unpretentious, cordial and true, full of life breath and wonderful and complacent interest. Such as "Autumn Boasts Send Zhang Wu", "Passing the Old Village" and "Spring Dawn", which are light and elegant, integrated and elegant. Meng's poems are based on broad-mindedness and broad-mindedness, but there is also a vigorous and free spirit, such as Dongting Lake Newspaper, Clouds and Clouds, and Yueyang City Trapped, all of which are vigorous and free, overlooking everything. But this kind of poem is rare in Meng's poems. Generally speaking, the content of Meng's poems is thin, and it is inevitable to be embarrassed by the length. Meng Haoran [1] has collected 263 poems, but some of them are works of others. All the old and new books in the Tang Dynasty have been circulated. Also known as "Wang Meng" with Wang Wei. Li Bai said: Master, I cheer you from my heart, and your reputation has risen to the sky. When the ruddy youth gives up the importance of hats and chariots, you choose pine trees and clouds; Now whitehead. Drunk moon, a dream saint, bewitched by flowers, you turned a deaf ear to the emperor and the mountain, how I long to reach you, they are pure and pure.
A lifetime of setbacks.
Meng Haoran was born in 689 AD (the first year of Yongchang in Wuhou). Born in a thin and constant scholarly family in Xiangyang City, he studied hard since childhood. When I was young, I lived in seclusion and studied in Lumen Mountain. Between the ages of 25 and 35, in order to enter the business, leave their families, travel far, roam the Yangtze River valley, make friends, and pay homage to public officials and celebrities. In the 12th year of Kaiyuan (724), because Xuanzong was in Luoyang, he went to Luoyang to seek an official position. He stayed in Luoyang for three years and got nothing. [2]40 years old, when he was in Chang 'an, he should be the best scholar. He once wrote a poem named Gong Qing in imperial academy, and he wrote for it. He has a close friendship with Wang Wei. Legend has it that Wang Wei once invited himself into the office, just as Xuanzong arrived, Haoran fled to the bed. Wang Wei didn't dare to hide it. According to the facts, Xuanzong was ordered to see it. Haoran recited his poem to the sentence "I was exiled by a wise ruler because of my mistakes", and Xuanzong was very unhappy. He said, "You don't want to be an official, and I haven't abandoned you. Why should you accuse me?" Put it back in Xiangyang. After roaming in wuyue, I was extremely poor. In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), Han Chaozong was appointed as the secretariat of Xiangzhou. He was very appreciative of Meng Haoran, so he invited him to dinner and recommended him to the court. Meng Haoran missed the appointment with Han Chaozong because he was drinking with friends. In the 25th year of Kaiyuan, Zhang Jiuling became the long history of Jingzhou, which led to the shogunate. Before long, he returned to his former residence. In 740 AD (the 28th year of Kaiyuan), Wang Changling was demoted to Xiangyang to visit Meng Haoran. They met happily. Meng Haoran has a poisonous sore on his back. He will be fine. He died because he indulged in feasting and eating fresh food.
Honest and ambitious
Meng Haoran was born in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He was useful to the world in his early years, but he was politically frustrated and lived in seclusion for life. He is an honest and clean man, and he doesn't like to please others. His Geng Jie disobedience and naive and noble sentiments are admired by contemporary and later generations. Li Bai praised him and said: "The beauty is unlucky, so don't focus on the car, but on the clouds; Now, with white hair and high mountains, I am eager to reach you (A Message to Meng Haoran). Wang Shiyuan said in the preface to Meng Haoran that he was "handsome in appearance and handsome in spirit; Rescuing patients, resolving disputes, in order to establish righteousness; Irrigation of vegetables and bamboo is noble. " Wang Wei once painted his portrait in the pavilion in Yunzhou, named "Haoran Pavilion". Later generations respected him and refused to call him by his first name, so he changed his name to "Meng Ting" and became a local scenic spot. It can be seen that he is famous among ancient poets. Wang Wei, Li Bai and Wang Changling are all his good friends, and Du Fu and others have a good relationship with him. Seclusion was a common tendency at that time, but it was only an expectation to others, at best a temporary adjustment or overdue compensation, but it was a complete fact to Meng Haoran. Among the complicated factors that constitute this fact, the historical and geographical background of hometown may be a very important point.
Contradiction between officials and hidden officials
Meng Haoran's life, wandering in the contradiction between seeking an official and retiring, ended his desire to seek an official until he hit a nail. Although he lived in seclusion in the mountains, he still had contacts with Zhang Jiuling and other dignitaries at that time, and also had friends with poets Wang Wei, Li Bai and Wang Changling.
Others' comments
Wen Yiduo commented on Meng Haoran in this way: Like many literati with hermit tendencies at that time, Meng Haoran initially lived in seclusion for a romantic ideal and a sacred tacit understanding with the ancients.
Meng Haoran's poems broke away from the narrow realm of responding to the system and praising things in the early Tang Dynasty, expressed more personal embrace, brought fresh breath to Kaiyuan poetry circle, and won the admiration of people at that time. Li Bai praised him as "the mountain, how I long to reach you, and you only pay tribute to Qingfen here", and Du Fu praised him as "the poems and songs of the Qing Dynasty can be passed down as much as possible". It can be seen that he was famous at that time. Less than ten years after his death, his poems were edited twice and sent to the "secret room" for preservation. The existing collection of Meng Haoran.
In troubled times, such as the era of Pang Degong (a famous figure in the Eastern Han Dynasty), it is the only way out for people with special personality to go into the mountains to collect herbs and never come back. But is it necessary for Meng Haoran, who was born in the prosperous era of Kaiyuan? However, why did my friend extend his quoted hand again and again, but it was rejected? Even in the end, an interview in this state made Han Chaozong make an appointment to go to Beijing together. Finally, he got drunk, bored Han Gong and others, and left alone in a rage? Just like many literati with hermit tendencies at that time, Meng Haoran initially lived in seclusion for a romantic ideal and a sacred tacit understanding with the ancients. This time, there is no doubt that the object of tacit understanding is Pang Degong. Meng Haoran certainly can't turn his back on Pang Gong for the sake of Han Chaozong. Lushan Mountain forbids him. His own home is in Lumen Mountain, where Pang Gong lives in seclusion. He will never be allowed to do that. The moonlight at the deer gate made the mountain tree appear, and I suddenly came to the seclusion of exile. Lonely mountain road and quiet forest road, only hermits come and go gracefully here. The Night Song of Deer Gate is the work of Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. This poem expresses the poet's seclusion feelings by describing what he saw, heard and felt when he returned to Lumen Mountain at night. According to the time and space order, the whole poem wrote two scenes, the riverside scene and the mountain scene. The former scene focuses on the dynamic description of Zhong Ming, Zheng Du, Xiangjiang Village and Guilumen. The second part focuses on the static description of the moon, rock gate and pine path, moving first and then static, so as to set off the static state, write the static scene of Lumen, show the poet's quiet state of mind, and at the same time hide in the quiet and refined seclusion interest. The whole poem is fluent in brushwork, simple in language and sincere in feelings.
Who the hell is this stranger? Pang Gong's spirit or the poet himself? I'm afraid he couldn't tell himself at that time, because psychologically he had been assimilated by sages. Pang Degong in history gave him inspiration, and Lumen Mountain in geography gave him convenience. With these two important conditions, the fact of seclusion is much easier to complete. In fact, the home of Lumen Mountain has already made seclusion a fait accompli. As long as you change your mind and admit that you are the heir of Pang Gong, you will become a character in the Biography of Gao Shi. Perhaps, it is the historical and geographical environment of Xiangyang that makes Meng Haoran old all his life. Meng Haoran is Meng Haoran of Xiangyang after all. Literary works
Meng Haoran's life experience is relatively simple, and the theme of poetry creation is relatively simple. Meng's poems are mostly five-character short stories, mostly pastoral poems and secluded poems, and most of them are in the mood of serving immortals. Although it is not without cynicism, it is more of a poet's self-expression. He and Wang Wei also said that although his poems are not as extensive and profound as Wang's, they have unique artistic attainments.
Meng Haoran statue [2]
Meng Shi's poetry is not carving, but thinking, full of wonderful self-satisfaction interest, not frugality and poverty. He is good at exploring the beauty of nature and life, immediately understanding the scene and writing his true feelings at the moment. For example, Qiu Deng Wan Shan sends Zhang Wu, Summer is in the South Pavilion, Guo Zhuang, Night Sleeping in Jiande, Night Song of Deer Gate, etc. , naturally become muddleheaded, but the artistic conception is clear and full of charm. Du Fu said that his poems and sentences in the Qing Dynasty were as good as in the past ("boring"), but he also praised why he wrote so many poems and often praised Bao Xie ("celebrating"). Pi Rixiu, however, said: Mr. Wang's works are full of praise when he meets the scenery, regardless of the strangeness, which makes those who pollute and bind the population have no interest in doing nothing, and those who lose to others are unfortunate. Xiao Yan in the Northern Qi Dynasty' the lotus is exposed, and the willow is in the middle of the moon'; Mr. Wang has Wei Yun Lian Han, Shu Yu Wu Tong. Wang Rong's "the sun shines brightly, the wind is moving and the spring is turbid"; The king said, "The fog of clouds and dreams has trapped Yueyang." . He Xun's poem is' dew wets the grass in the cold pond, and the bright moon reflects the Huai River'; Mr. Wang has "the wind sends lotus fragrance, and the bamboo leaves drip." This is better than the ancients. His lyrical works, such as "Returning to the South Mountain at the End of the Year", "Feeling on the River at the Beginning of Cold", "Climbing the Wild Mountain with Friends", "Xunyang Looking at Lushan Mountain at Night" and "Talking about Wanshan", etc. Often touched by the ethereal spirit, the brushwork is like nothing, but the meaning is profound and inexhaustible. Yan Yu uses Zen as a metaphor for poetry, which means that Haoran's poetry is wonderful (Cang Shi Hua Bian). Wang Shi Lu in Qing Dynasty introduced Yan's Introduction and quoted the theory of verve. Wang Meng, the ancestor, once cited Haoran's poem "Xunyang Looking at Lushan Mountain at midnight" as a model, saying: At this point, the poem is empty, and politics is like a gazelle, and there is no trace to be found. The painter called yipin. On the basis of inheriting Tao and Xie, the pastoral poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty has made new development and formed a school of poetry. Among his masterpieces, Meng Haoran is the longest. He is the pioneer and has great influence on that time and later generations. His poems are based on a clear and broad mind, but there is a strong and relaxed atmosphere in his poems (Tang Yingui alluded to Pu Yin). For example, "Clouds dream and fog around Yueyang Tower" (hereinafter referred to as "Dongting Lake to Premier Zhang") and Du Fu's "There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south, looking at the world endlessly" (hereinafter referred to as "Climbing Yueyang Tower") have become famous sentences that imitate the scenery of Dongting. In Qing Dynasty, Pan Deyu once pointed out that Xiangyang's poems, such as' East Xuzao Zhao', surprised the birds. Lying down in Pukou to smell the fish, the radial sound is dark, and the sunrise weather is divided, which shows that the rivers and lakes are wide and the boat knows the wind. Hanging seats for the morning hair, in the lake. See the middle stream, and press Jiujiang Bear. In the morning, the incense burner rises and the waterfall sprays Chen Hong. You are full of energy and look down on everything. You can't just watch and speak clearly. However, this is rare in Meng's poems and cannot represent the main aspects of his style. Generally speaking, the content of Meng's poems is thin, which makes him trapped by space. Su Shi said that his rhyme is high and short, such as making good wine without material (quoted from Chen Shidao's Houshan Poetry), which is quite to the point.
Although Meng Xiangyang is the founder of Tangshan water poems, his achievements are not as good as Wang Wei's. Why? One is because of his talent, and the other is because his poems are often not as lofty as Wang Wei's. Meng Haoran has never been an official in his life, and his heart is unwilling. This situation often appears in his poems, which makes his poems cold and frugal. Wang Moshu, however, was an official all his life. After many twists and turns, he had a profound understanding of the changes of the world. This emotion originated from poetry is often interesting and difficult to pursue.
Although, Meng's poems have their own merits. His poem Far Away not only inherits Tao Qian's thoughts, but also does not diminish Wang Wei. For example, in the wilderness in the south, because the leaves are falling, the wind blowing from the north makes the water cold. And a gust of wind in the leaves on both sides of the strait, the moon crossing my solitary sail and other sentences are really ethereal and indifferent, and they are worthy of being excellent works in landscape poetry.
Meng Haoran's poems describe rural scenery and express his love for farm life, which are simple and touching to read. He and Wang Wei are the representatives of pastoral poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
anecdote
-Who says there is only one way to succeed in life?
In the sixteenth year of Xuanzong Kaiyuan (728), Meng Haoran, a 40-year-old poet, came to Chang 'an, the capital, to take the Jinshi exam, but he came last. Needless to say, he is extremely depressed at this time. When he lived in seclusion in Xiangyang, Hubei Province, he studied and wrote hard. In thirty years, he really wrote a lot of articles, which was highly praised by the poet Wang Wei and Prime Minister Zhang Jiuling, and made Meng famous in Chang 'an. But he didn't actually pass the exam. It is not difficult to imagine that his heart is naturally more depressed.
Previously, Meng remembered that at a poet's party, because there was a couplet in his poem, "It's a light river man, raindrops are sparse, and phoenix trees", which won the unanimous appreciation of everyone, thinking that it is difficult for ordinary people to write such beautiful works. In this respect, the poet is naturally quite conceited. But fate likes to play with him, and he failed in this exam that he thought was a shoo-in!
He also wanted to write directly to the emperor and ask for an interview to gain fame, but the poet with lofty nature was hard to say at the moment; Therefore, things are dragging on in such hesitation. However, if he comes back empty-handed, it is undoubtedly very reluctant. After all, the purpose of coming out this time is far from being achieved. So he wrote a poem called "Going to Zhongnanshan at the end of the year" at the residence of his good friend Wang Wei to express his predicament.
Wang Weigang finished writing this poem and came in and took a look at Meng's new work:
Don't write to the North Yard again, let me go back to the old hut in the old Nanshan.
I have no reason to decide to give up my point of view. My old and many sick friends have stopped practicing.
The frequency of white hair is that people are getting more and more every day, and spring is coming to force them to die.
So I lay awake and meditated. The moon is round and the window is empty. ①
Just after reading it, Wang Wei appreciated it, but he felt very sighed. It's not that he doesn't want to help his friends, but how can he do a real big favor now? While thinking hard, suddenly a little one rushed to report to Wang Daren: The Emperor is here! Hearing this, Wang Wei couldn't help but panic. How did he recommend Meng Haoran not to violate the imperial edict? At this time, Meng Haoran was undoubtedly more nervous. He wants to meet the emperor, but only now. What about his identity? ……
At this moment, Xuanzong's footsteps are getting closer and closer; Seeing that Xuanzong wanted to push through the door, Wang Wei pointed to Meng Haoran under the bed and gave him a gentle push, while he hurried out to meet the emperor. When Xuanzong was seated, Wang Wei dared not hide the poet Meng Haoran in this room; Because he knew what would happen if the emperor knew about this "crime of deceiving the monarch".
Xuanzong learned that Meng Haoran, a famous poet, was here at the moment, and he was very happy to say to Wang Wei, "I have long known the name of this man's poem. Since he is here, why not come out and meet him! " In this way, now there is a letter from Meng Haoran who came out to visit the emperor. Xuanzong kindly asked Meng Haoran, "Did Ai Qing bring a poem?" Meng hurriedly played: "I came in a hurry, not by accident." Xuanzong smiled and said, "A poet, can anyone not write on the spot? What is it that Qing gives me a song on the spot now? " In this way, Meng Sui sang the poem he had just written in cadence:
Don't write to the North Yard again, let me go back to the old hut in the old Nanshan. I was expelled by a wise ruler because of my mistake. ...
Just before he heard "I was exiled by a wise ruler because of my mistakes-",Meng Haoran finished reading the whole poem and Xuanzong became very impatient. He waved his hand rudely and told Meng to stop. "You know, just qing not to ask officer! In fact, I didn't dislike Qing, but Qing actually framed me in the poem? ! "With that, he asked Meng to return. ②
Meng Haoran, a poet who was flatly rejected on the road to seeking an official position, had to leave the capital Chang 'an in frustration. However, due to his outstanding poetic talent, he has always been the object of almost unanimous appreciation by critics, which was probably unexpected by Xuanzong. There are undoubtedly many roads in life, and the so-called "all roads lead to Rome" is its intuitive expression; The poet Meng Haoran's final achievement also proves that he can still be one of the outstanding figures in the history of China literature without being an official. Of course, this is by no means accidental, because the poet did not give up life! Because as long as you are self-respecting and eager to be strong, even the most powerful person can't help you move forward!
Generally speaking, this poem does not belong to the "five laws" of modern poetry, although it has been selected as the "five laws" in almost all anthologies, such as the famous Three Hundred Poems of Tang Dynasty. The meter of Gai's first sentence is "even flat", and the word "Gui" at the end belongs to rhyme. Although the word "Gui" in antithetical sentences is flat, it does not seem to belong to the common format of "difficult to save every sentence". However, this poetic style is quite common in Meng Haoran's collected works, and there are many in Li Taibai's collected works, which seems to be regarded as a special "modern poem" outside the normal meter. (2) This is adapted from the Book of the New Tang Dynasty, but it is actually adapted from the Book of the Tang Dynasty. For example, The Chronicle of Tang Poems thinks that Meng is recommended, while Jia Shi Zong Gui is recommended by Li Xiang. If you report a story that is different from a rumor, it is also true.
Meng Haoran was the first poet who devoted himself to writing landscape poems in Tang Dynasty. He mainly writes landscape poems, and he is one of the representatives of the pastoral school of landscape poems. In the early stage, he mainly wrote political poems and frontier fortress ranger poems, and in the later stage, he mainly wrote landscape poems. Today, there are more than 200 poems, most of which were written when he wandered, and some of which were written when he visited his hometown Wanshan, Xianshan and Lumen Mountain. There are also several poems describing rural life. The geographical scope of this poem is quite extensive.
Landscape is the most important theme of poetry in the Southern Dynasties, which has experienced long-term development and made remarkable achievements. By Meng Haoran, landscape poetry has been promoted to a new height, mainly in the following aspects: the relationship between emotion and scenery in poetry is not only a mutual foil, but also a close combination of water and milk; The artistic conception of poetry is more pure and clear because all unnecessary and uncoordinated elements are eliminated; The structure of the poem is also more perfect. Meng Haoran prefers water rafting during his trip, as he himself said: "For many mountains and rivers, he often goes boating." ("Jing Tan") His poems often describe the beauty of Jiangnan water towns and the interest caused by roaming, such as:
The scenery is clear, bright and radiant. Clarify what is in the water of love. If you are in the pot, what can you do? Whitehead fisherman, Xinhua makeup artist. Look at each other like acquaintances, but you can't talk. (Rowing in the West Field)
Fishing and sitting on a rock, the water is clear and the heart is idle. Fish swam around in the shade of trees, and apes hung on the branches to fight. The story of the goddess Yu Pei is said to have happened on this mountain. Because I don't have such a chance to take risks, I will come back and sing oars in the moonlight. ("Wan Shan Tan Zuo")
Poetry not only plays a documentary role, but also combines the poet's fresh feelings and naive reverie. In his eyes, whether it is the figure bathed in the afterglow of the sunset or the fish and animals playing on the underwater shore, everything he sees seems to have turned into a knowing and kind smile. These poetic scenes do have a crystal clear feeling.
The artistic conception of Meng Haoran's landscape poems is full of vitality and tranquility. But he can also express his greatness with magnificent writing. For example, "Li Peng Lake sees Lushan Mountain": "The moon is dizzy in space, and the boat knows the wind. Hanging seats for the morning hair, in the lake. Mid-stream is KuangFu, potential pressure Jiujiang bear. Thick ink and heavy colors condense, and the sky is empty. On the first day of the incense burner, the waterfall sprayed Chen Hong ... "Pan Deyu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, took this poem and fishing in Putan in his early years as examples, calling Meng Zhi's poem" heroic and overlooking everything "("Yang Shi Hua "), which showed its important characteristics of exuberance.
Yin Kun, a famous poetry critic in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, likes to use the word "Xiang Xing" to talk about poetry. When commenting on Meng Haoran's two poems, he also said that "whatever the image, it is also true" (see He Ji Ling). The so-called "towards the star" means that the poet's emotion and spirit control the image, making it integrate with the vibration of the poet's mind, thus gaining life, personality and vitality. It is a common feature of Meng Haoran's poems to emphasize "looking to the stars". This can be seen more clearly by comparing several different works.
The autumn water rises and almost blends with the shore, mixing water and sky with the sky. Ozawa's water vapor transpiration on the cloud soil is white, and the waves seem to shake the whole Yueyang. I'm going to cross the water to find a boat and paddle. It's a shame to return home in the sacred age. Sitting around watching other people's hard river fishing can only envy the fish caught in the fish. (Message from Dongting Lake to Premier Zhang)
The mountain was dark when it saw it, and the darkness of the mountain flowed eastward, day and night. The wind on both sides of the strait rustled the branches and leaves, and the moonlight reflected on the river, a boat on a river. Jiande's scenery is good, but it's not my hometown. I still miss my old friends in Yangzhou. Recalling those two lines of tears that I couldn't restrain, I looked at the west side of the west bank and sent sadness to Yangzhou. (From a berth on Tonglu to a friend in Yangzhou)
Stop the boat in a foggy small state, when new worries come to the guest's heart. The vastness of the wilderness is deeper than trees, and the moon is very close to the moon. (Night parking on Jiande River)
These three poems are all about rivers and lakes, but their personalities are different. The first song was written by Meng when he applied for the Zhang Jiuling shogunate. He was excited to have a chance to try his ambition. He once wrote "Grateful to Play the Crown, Keep Peace and Stay Poor" (Shu Huai Yi Jing Yi Hao Tong) and "It's not too late for an old friend to die now" (Send Ding Dafeng Jinshi to Zhang Jiuling). It is this high-spirited emotion that made him write such a magnificent famous sentence as "Clouds, dreams and fog around Yueyang". The second and third songs were written on the day when I traveled to southern wuyue after I was down and out. The former wrote his own sad inner turmoil with the turbulent scenery of the wind and the river, while the latter wrote the feelings of lonely wanderers with the quiet scenery of the wild Qingjiang River. Their spirits are very different. Taking "Xing" as the essence and "Image" as the essence, highlighting the subject's emotional feelings, unifying the two and constructing a complete artistic conception are the important contributions of Meng Haoran's landscape poems.
The language of Meng Haoran's poetry is "light language but not light taste" (Shen Deqian's Poems), which does not communicate the strange and the different, but avoids the common. Some of his poems are often refined in simple descriptions, but the dense latitude and longitude seem to be inadvertently displayed, showing high artistic skill. For example, his masterpiece "Passing through the Old Village": Prepare chicken rice for me, old friend, you entertain me on your farm. Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city. Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops. Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.
Throughout the narrative, it seems to be homely, which is similar to Tao Yuanming's "Drinking" and other poems, but Tao wrote ancient style, but this poem is close to it. The couplet "We see green trees around your village, and the mountains in the distance are light blue" makes the finishing point to outline the typical environment of a village surrounded by green mountains and trees. There is also a five-line poem "Spring Dawn" that women and children can recite, which is also a subtle feeling of cherishing spring in natural language.
In addition, Meng Haoran often breaks through the limitation of the inherent formula in the use of poetic style, which makes him have a different interest. For example, in the poem "Looking at the boat in the middle", the flat and parallel tones are all in pentatonic format, but China's couplets are not parallel prose, which is full of ancient charm. Hu Yinglin's "Poems for Poetry" holds that such poems are "naturally short and ancient in the Six Dynasties, and if they rhyme, they will feel detached." Another example is going back to Lumen Mountain in the evening: the bell in the temple of the mountain rang the coming of night, and I heard people in the fishing city hobbling on the ferry. People walked along the shore to Jiangcun village, and I also returned to Lumen by boat. The moonlight at the deer gate made the mountain tree appear, and I suddenly came to the seclusion of exile. Thatched doors and pine paths are lonely and quiet, and only strangers come and go.
This is a poetic poem, but it only writes down the journey all the way home at night, without extravagance. The scale of his writing system is similar to that of modern poetry, which absorbs the concise language of modern poetry and highlights the sentence structure of chorus, which is quite exciting to read.
These are different from the ancient body and full of free and easy feelings, which is also one of the manifestations of Meng's creation.
4 Wang Mengshi School
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In the prosperous Tang dynasty
The school of poetry represented by Wang Wei and Meng Haoran formed in the prosperous Tang Dynasty is also called "Wang Meng Poetry School". This school is as long as the poems of Tao Yuanming and Schell (Xie Lingyun and Xie Tiao), with pastoral scenery and secluded life as the main theme, and its style dilutes nature. Other important poets of this school include Chu Guangxi, Chang Jian, Zuyong and Pei Di.
Wang Wei, Chinese characters and strokes. Hedong people. Painting and calligraphy. My brother and I are both very talented. Kaiyuan nine years. Jinshi Zhuo Di's music is too cheerful. Tired of sitting, I joined the army and became a shopkeeper in Jeju. Li right picks up bones, supervises remonstrances, fills vacancies on the left, and is also the treasurer. Worship the official department card shark. The end of tianbao. To give something. An Lushan is trapped in two capitals. Wei is what thieves get. Give yang medicine. Detained in Bordet. Lushan banquet concentrated Bichi. Qian Wei wrote a poem to mourn, and he heard it in action. Thief ping. Third-class conviction of thief and official. Tehara. Responsible for awarding prince Zhongyun. Transfer to middle school, middle school, middle school. Thanks again. Go to Shangshu Youcheng. Wei is famous for his poems Kaiyuan and Tianbao. The door of kings, Xu,. All the people greeted them. Song Wenzhi Wangchuan Villa.
In the spring morning, I woke up easily.
Mountains and rivers are absolutely victorious. With Taoist friend Pei Di. Honest communication. Play the piano and write poems. Whispering all day. Devote oneself to being a Buddha. The dragon borrowed Zen in his later years. One day. I suddenly want to write a book and calculate a paper. No brothers, no lifelong relatives. Abandon the pen and die. To the secretary in charge. Bao Yingzhong. Dai zhong asked. I often sit in the music played by Wen Wei for the king. Today's geometry. Collect six volumes of poetry. Four volumes. On the table. Answer the cloud. The qingbo family ranks first. The name is Dai. The reverse line is elegant. Chu's long speech. Poets return to beauty. Catalog. Sigh deeply. Yin [dorri] said that Uygur poetry is beautiful and elegant. The meaning is new and rational. Become a pearl in spring. Draw on the wall. Su Shi is also a cloud. There are pictures in Uygur poems. There are poems in the painting. Meng Haoran's poems got rid of the narrow realm of chanting things in Lu and Tang Dynasties, expressed more personal hugs, brought fresh breath to Kaiyuan poetry circle and won the admiration of people at that time. Li Bai praised him as "the mountain, how I long to reach your side". Wang Wei once painted himself in Yunzhou Cishi Pavilion, which was later called "Meng Pavilion". Meng Haoran was famous both before and after his death. Meng Haoran was the first poet who wrote landscape poems in the Tang Dynasty and the forerunner of Wang Wei. His travels are vividly described, and Dongting Lake's letter to Premier Zhang is magnificent.
key word
Seclusion, wandering, trouble. The poetic style is light and natural, and he is good at five-character ancient poems.
Five representative works
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Spring Morning
Sleeping sickness in spring unconsciously broke the morning, and the chirping of birds disturbed my sleep.
How many flowers fall after a stormy night.
Guogurenzhuang
This old friend prepared a delicious meal and invited me to his hospitable farm.
Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city.
Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops.
Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.
Hanjiang's early pregnancy.
Leaves fall to the south and the north wind is bleak.
My home is wandering by the river, and the sea of clouds is far away.
Tears of homesickness in the journey, see the back of the sail on the horizon.
The smoke in the wind blurs where the ferry can be, and the vast river ripples in the sunset.
Looking at Dongting Lake from afar —— addressed to Premier Zhang
The autumn water rises and almost blends with the shore, mixing water and sky with the sky.
Ozawa's water vapor transpiration on the cloud soil is white, and the waves seem to shake the whole Yueyang.
I'm going to cross the water to find a boat and paddle. It's a shame to return home in the sacred age.
Sitting around watching other people's hard river fishing can only envy the fish caught in the fish.
See the night view of Lushan Mountain in Xunyang.
After crossing thousands of miles of river, I haven't met a famous mountain yet.
When I parked my boat outside Xunyang, I saw the censer peak was unusual.
I have read Biography of Hui Yuan, and its dusty traces will always make me miss it.
Although Vihara's residence is close at hand, there is no bell.
Send Wang Changling to Lingnan.
Dongting is far and near, and maple leaves are in early autumn.
The first sheep is loved by the public, and Jia Yi in Changsha is worried.
There is nothing wrong with the soil, but there is something wrong with the local flavor.
I have been suffering from a chronic disease, which is even more fascinating.
I have been writing with the same pen and inkstone for several years, but now it is different.
Where is the spirit now? Acacia hopes for bullfighting. [2]
Six other poets and Meng Haoran
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Yellow Crane Tower —— Meng Haoran's farewell on his way to Yangzhou
Tang Libai
Old friends frequently waved to me, bid farewell to the Yellow Crane Tower, and traveled to Yangzhou in this beautiful spring filled with catkins and flowers.
My friend's sail shadow faded away and disappeared at the end of the blue sky, only seeing the first line of the Yangtze River and heading for the distant horizon.
Message to Meng Haoran
Tang Libai
Master, I cheer you from the bottom of my heart. Your fame has risen to the sky.
In the rosy youth, you gave up the importance of hats and chariots and chose pine trees and clouds; Now whitehead.
Drunk moon, sage of dreams, bewitched by flowers, you turned a deaf ear to the emperor.
Gaoshan, how I long to reach you, that's all.
Jixing (6)
Du fu in Tang dynasty
I pity Meng Haoran, short brown is long night.
You don't have to write poetry, but you often make Bao Xie.
Qingjiang old fish, spring rain sugarcane.
Every time I look at the clouds in the southeast wind, it makes me sad.
Spend the night on Jiande River.
meng haoran
Stop the boat in a foggy small state, when new worries come to the guest's heart.
The vastness of the wilderness is deeper than trees, and the moon is very close to the moon.
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This is a poem with artistic characteristics, which expresses the worries of traveling and is also a famous landscape painting in the Five Wonders. It takes only 20 words to paint a fresh and bright parking map of Qiu Jiang at night. The first sentence of the poem not only points out the place to stay in the journey, but also implies the poet's melancholy, so the next sentence positively tells the theme of "and the day is getting shorter and shorter, remembering the old days". "How wide the world is, how close the trees are to heaven, and how close the moon is to the water! "What a beautiful and elegant ink painting it is. Poetry is art and beauty. This poem is about the sadness of travel, which makes this kind of "sadness" extremely beautiful, fresh and clear, elegant and quiet.
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Jiande River: Xin 'an River flows through a section of river near Jiande, Zhejiang.
7 Meng Haoran's Tomb
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Meng Haoran's tomb is at the south foot of Dongfeng Forest in Xiangyang City (Xiangcheng District). Meng Haoran (689- about 740) was born in Xiangyang and Xiangzhou (now)
Stone statue of Meng Haoran in Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province [1]
Xiangyang City, Hubei Province). A famous poet in Tang Dynasty, known as Meng Xiangyang in the world. In his early years, he lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. At the age of forty, he should be a scholar, roaming in Jianghuai wuyue for several years. Later, he was the chief of staff of Zhang Jiuling, the governor of Jingzhou, and soon retired. The style of poetry is desolate and the artistic conception is clear. As famous as Wang Wei, he is called "Wang Meng" and praised by Li Bai and Du Fu. There is Meng Haoran's collection. Hubei Tongzhi records that his tomb was "destroyed" in Tang Dezong period (780-805), which saved Shi Fanze from the pain of "carving a tablet" and "sealing the tomb". Mounds in the late Qing Dynasty. The current height exceeds 1 m, and the base is about 3 meters in diameter. It's well preserved.