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Ci Pai name
"Su Mu Zhe" was the name of a song written by Jiaofang during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. It came from the Western Regions. Curtain, one word is "Mo" or "Mo". Hui Lin's "Su Mo Zha Mao" in Volume 41 of "The Sound and Meaning of All Sutras" revised: "'Su Mo Zhe' is also a Hu language from the Western Regions, and it is said to be "Sa Mo Zha". This play originally came from the Western Qiuci Kingdom, and it still exists today. Qu. In this country, "Huntuo", "Damian" and "Pu Tou" are also used as Ci tunes. The lyrics of the song were originally in the form of seven-character quatrains (such as the five "Suma Zhe" poems written by Zhang) to accompany "Huntuo Dance". "New Tang Book? Song Wuguang Biography" records that Lu Yuantai wrote to Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty: "Bijian Fangyi's Prime Minister was in the "Huntuo Team", and the horse was dressed in Hufu, which was named "Su Mo Zhe"." It can be seen that this song was still spread in China during the Tang Dynasty Before Xuanzong. Later it evolved into long and short sentences. Among the lyrics of Dunhuang tunes is "Su Mo Zhe", which has sixty-two characters in double tone. The people of the Song Dynasty continued to use this style. Volume 14 of "Ci Pu" states that "Song Ci Gai has a new sound due to the name of the old song", which is wrong. This poem is "Don't Hate" in Volume 3 of Huang Sheng's "Selected Poems of Sages of the Tang and Song Dynasties".
廄平平, 平仄仄, 任仄平平, 仄仄平仄. 廄廄平平廄廄, 廄廄平平, 仄仄平平廄.
廄廄平平廄廄, 廄廄平平, 仄仄平平廄.
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[Edit this paragraph] Su Muzhe·Fan Zhongyan
Author: Fan Zhongyan
The sky is blue, the leaves are yellow on the ground, the autumn colors are in waves, and the waves are green with cold smoke.
The mountains reflect the setting sun and the sky meets the water, and the fragrant grass is ruthless, even outside the setting sun.
The soul of the dark country, the thoughts of the journey. Unless every night, good dreams leave people to sleep.
Sitting alone and leaning high in the Mingyue Tower, the wine fills my heart with sadness, turning into tears of lovesickness.
Translation
The blue sky is filled with white clouds, and golden leaves cover the earth. The autumn scenery is reflected in the blue waves on the river, and the water waves are covered with cold smoke and green. The distant mountains are bathed in the sunset sky and connected to the river. The grass on the shore seems to be ruthless, and it is outside the setting sun. The sad and sentimental soul of a foreign country, chasing the sorrow of living in a foreign land, can only let people fall asleep every night unless it is a sweet dream. Don't rely on yourself when the bright moon shines on the tall buildings. I picked up a glass of wine to wash away my sorrow, but it turned into tears of lovesickness.
Notes
1. Sadness, depression and sorrow; Sadness refers to the pain of homesickness that makes people feel ecstatic. The soul of a dejected hometown is adapted from Jiang Yan's "Farewell": "Those who are dejected and ecstatic are just farewells."
2. Thoughts on the journey: Putting aside the sad thoughts of the journey. Chasing, here means clinging to something. Thoughts, moods, feelings.
3. Yeyebutei, which is the inversion of "except every night". According to the meaning of this article, it should be "unless good dreams keep people sleeping every night." Here is a pause in the beat.
The sky is filled with white clouds and yellow leaves are everywhere. The autumn scenery is reflected in the blue waves on the river, and the water waves are covered with cold smoke and green. The distant mountains are bathed in the sunset sky and connected to the river. The grass on the shore seems to be ruthless, and it is outside the setting sun.
The sad and sentimental soul of a foreign country pursues the sorrow of living in a foreign place. Only sweet dreams can keep people asleep every night. Don't rely on yourself when the bright moon shines on the tall buildings. I picked up a glass of wine to wash away my sorrow, but it turned into tears of lovesickness.
Appreciation
Fan Zhongyan was a famous official of the Song Dynasty. While he was politically and militarily powerful, he also did not lose his elegance. This word is graceful and affectionate. The content is about the feeling of homesickness while traveling. The subject matter is general, but the writing style is unique. The scenery described in the upper column is broad and profound, and the viewpoint is from top to bottom, from near to far.
Since Huainan Xiaoshan's "Recruiting Hermits" "The kings and grandsons have traveled here and never returned, and the spring grass has grown luxuriantly", "grass" is often inseparable from separation, and its seasonal characteristics are secondary.
The words above are all scene language, and only the word "merciless" points out the melancholy, which is as if it is for the scene, leaving no trace.
The main theme of the poem is directly revealed, because "the grass is ruthless" introduces the sadness of separation and lovesickness.
The word "chai" especially shows the form of lingering sadness.
The two sentences "Wine brings sadness to my heart" express the depression of being unable to relieve my worries. The poem "Yu Jie Xing" also said: "The sad heart has been broken and there is no reason to get drunk. The wine has not yet arrived, and the tears first form;
This poem uses a large scene to describe sadness, and has a unique and tragic atmosphere. Qing Dynasty Based on the specific images in the poem, Zhang Huiyan and Huang Liaoyuan believed that the poem was not about homesickness, but actually used the vast autumn scenery to express concern for the country.
The third chapter of the fourth volume of "The Romance of the West Chamber" by Wang Shifu of the Yuan Dynasty. "Farewell at the Long Pavilion" [The main palace is in good condition] says: "The sky is blue, the ground is yellow flowers, the west wind is strong, and the geese from the north are flying south. Whoever comes in the morning and is drunk in the frost forest will always shed tears when leaving. "It is inspired by this word.
The first two sentences of the upper column point out the season, and depict the vast, rusty autumn scenery of Liao Kuo from high and low angles. The third and fourth sentences, from the green Tian Guangye writes about the autumn water that connects the sky and the earth. The autumn color refers to the blue sky and the yellow leaves. The blue sky and the golden earth stretch into the distance, connecting the Miaomiao Autumn River at the end of the world. , shrouded in a green layer of cold smoke.
The mist is originally white, but because it connects to the blue sky above and green waves below, it is the same color as the blue sky from a distance and is indistinguishable. It is like the so-called "autumn water has the same color as the sky", so it is said that "the sky connects the water". The word "cold" highlights the feeling of autumn that the green mist gives people. These two sentences have a far-reaching realm, and cooperate with the lofty realm of the first two sentences to form an extremely brief and colorful autumn color picture.
The last three lines of the poem further connect heaven, earth, mountains and water through the setting sun and grass, and the scenery extends from where you look to the end of the world in your imagination. There is a strong subjective emotional color in these three sentences describing the scenery, and the word "love" is used as a powerful rendering and foreshadowing for the transition from the scenery description in the upper column to the lyrical expression in the lower column.
The film closely follows the end of the world, directly highlighting the "soul of hometown" and "thoughts of travel". Home soul, that is, the feeling of homesickness, has a close meaning to "sickness of travel". The two sentences describe my homesickness and melancholy, and the melancholy of traveling abroad overlaps and continues. The textual dialogue between the upper and lower parts is emphatic, and the protagonist has been living in a foreign land for a long time and is deeply homesick for his hometown.
The following three and four sentences may seem to mean that homesickness and travel worries sometimes disappear, but in fact they mean that they are always bothering me. Written in this way, the word formation is unique and the expression expresses the meaning more profoundly and gracefully. The sentence "Mingyue" states that I can't fall asleep at night because I am worried about traveling. Even though the moonlight is bright and the night view on the high building is beautiful, I can't go to watch it because leaning on the railing and looking out alone will make me feel more wistful.
The last two sentences are about being unable to sleep at night, so I resorted to drinking to drown my sorrow. However, as soon as the wine entered my sad heart, it turned into tears of lovesickness. The desire to relieve my lovesickness only made the pain of lovesickness even more intense. These two sentences are deeply lyrical and the language is fresh and natural. As I write this, the smoldering homesickness, travel worries, and foreign objects have reached their climax, and the words have come to a sad end.
The upper column describes the scenery, and the lower column is lyrical. This is a common way of combining structure and scene in Ci. The particularity of this poem lies in the unity of beautiful scenery and tenderness, that is, the unity of vastness, beautiful scenery and deep and sincere feelings. Poems about homesickness and separation are often expressed through the bleak autumn scenery, but this poem goes the opposite way. The scenery is described as broad and beautiful. On the one hand, it shows the poet's broad mind and love for life and nature. In turn, it highlights the sadness of separation. On the other hand, it makes the feelings expressed in the poem appear soft and bone-like, deep and sincere without being decadent. .
[Edit this paragraph] Su Muzhe·Zhou Bangyan
Author: Zhou Bangyan
Burn agarwood to relieve the heat. Birds call out for the clear sky, and they peek into the eaves at dawn. On the leaves, the sun rises and the rain falls, the water surface is clear and round, and the wind lifts them one by one.
My hometown is far away, when will I go? He lives in Wumen and has been traveling in Chang'an for a long time. Do you remember each other in May? In a small boat, I dreamed of entering Furongpu.
All notes
1. Liao: burn.
2. Agarwood: A precious spice that sinks when placed in water, so it is also called agarwood. Its fragrance can ward off bad smells.
3. Shushu: humid heat. Shen Yue's poem "Xiu Mu Jie Hui": "Linchi is clear and humid in summer, and the sky is open to look at the high autumn."
Humid: moist and humid.
4. Dawn: When it is almost dawn.
Invasion: asymptotically.
5. Su Yu: It rained last night.
6. Wind lotuses: Sikong Tu's poem "Two Poems by Wang Guan": "The wind lotus is like drunkenness and dancing flowers, and the sandbirds ruthlessly accompany the guests."
7. Wu Gate: In ancient times, Wu County was also called Wu Gate, which is now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Here, Wu Gate generally refers to the Jiangnan area. Zhou Bangyan is from Qiantang, Zhejiang Province.
8. Chang'an: Originally refers to present-day Xi'an. This place was the capital for a long time before the Tang Dynasty, so later generations often refer to Kyoto. The word refers to Bianjing, now Kaifeng, Henan.
9. Furongpu: There is a stream leading to a lotus pond. Tang Zhang Zongchang's poem "Princess Taiping's Pavilion at the Banquet": "Sweeping the laurels at Furong Pu, blowing the Xiao Mingyue Bay."
Pu: waterside.
Appreciation
Zhou Bangyan's poems are famous for their richness and fine workmanship, but this poem "Su Muzhe" "Hibiscus comes out of clear water, and the carvings are naturally removed", fresh and natural, is one of the most popular poems among halal poems. A few exceptions. This poem was written between the sixth year of Yuanfeng of Shenzong (1083) and the first year of Yuanyou of Zhezong (1086). At that time, Zhou Bangyan had been in the capital for a long time. He was in the rising stage of his life from entering the capital to being a student of Taixue to being the official of Taixuezong. The poem focuses on writing about the wind and the lotus after the rain, introducing the dream of returning to one's hometown, expressing the feeling of homesickness, and the meaning is relatively simple.
Shangqiu first writes about burning incense indoors to relieve the heat, then writes about the birds on the eaves calling for sunshine, and then writes about the swaying of wind and lotus outdoors. The wording is lively and fresh, the structure and meaning are coherent and natural, and the viewpoint changes are very layered. The vivid description of the lotus in the poem was rated by Wang Guowei in "Human Words" as "the person who can really understand the divine principle of lotus", which is the swan song of writing about lotus.
The next step is to look at the clear garden on the water in May, and the scene of the wind and lotus lifting is reminiscent of the scenery in May in Wumen, my hometown. The small boat, dreaming about Furong Pu, and the feeling of lovesickness are vivid. .
In this poem, the upper part describes the scenery, the lower part expresses emotions, and the paragraphs are very clear. Write about a quiet place together, burning incense to relieve the heat, taking the meaning of the natural coolness of the mind, or suggesting taking a pair of coolants in a busy place. Two sentences describe a quiet place and the mind is calm. Three or four sentences describe the noise in the silence, "birds call for clear sky", the word "call" is extremely expressive, implying that it rained last night and will be sunny today. "The saying of "peeping at the eaves at dawn" is even more sentimental. Birds peeking at the eaves tell people the joy of the new weather, which is vivid and elegant. The sentence "on the leaves" is fresh and beautiful.
"The water surface is clear and round, and the wind lifts the loads one by one", then the movement is manageable. These three sentences are actually interactive syntax, the combination is extremely clever, and the sound is moving. It is written on a clear and round lotus leaf, with the raindrops from last night still remaining on the leaf, gradually drying up in the morning sun. When a gust of wind comes, the lotus leaves dance in groups. It is like a shot in a movie, with a sense of time. The view. When the word "lift" is added to the sentence, the whole sentence stands up. The moving scene is like life. In this way, when we look back at the time we spent together "burning agarwood and cooling off the heat", it should be a day's work, and starting from "birds calling out the clear sky" is the scene of the first dawn of the morning, and then pushed from the side of the house to the Outdoors, the lotus pond is a new sunny scene. Looking at the first two sentences again, time seems to be getting longer. The summer is like a year, disappearing with fragrance, and the silence is palpable. The meaning is rich and implicit, which foreshadows the homesickness of the guests who have been here for a long time.
Xia Qian expresses his heart directly, the words are like words, without any embellishment. He stayed in "Chang'an", which was actually Bianjing (now Kaifeng) at that time. Zhou Bangyan originally entered the capital as a Taixue student and presented "Biandu Fu", which was appreciated by Shenzong. He was promoted to the official position of Taixue, but he still did nothing, and he could not help but miss his hometown. "My hometown is far away, when will I go?" When pointing out the location, "I live in Wumen and have been traveling in Chang'an for a long time", which actually means it is better to go back. Immediately following "Does the fisherman miss me in May?", instead of saying that I miss my hometown and friends, I write about whether the fisherman misses me. This is a deeper way of writing from the opposite side. One sentence and two sentences, "A small boat, dreaming of entering Furongpu" means rowing a small boat into the lotus pond in a dream. It actually ends with a fictitious dream scene, which is fictitious but real and unpredictable
The realm formed by this poem is indeed as Zhou Ji said: "Shangqiu, if it is intentional or unintentional, makes people feel divine." "Dazzling." ("Selected Poems from the Four Scholars of the Song Dynasty") And Zhou Bangyan's mind is as Chen Shi said: "You don't have to win with words, but the words will win by themselves. It also shows that Mr. Yun Shao has a calm mind." set". This shows that Zhou Bangyan's poetry is famous for its elegance, and he is also regarded as a master of poetry. Although his poetry is of exquisite craftsmanship, his superb ideological realm is actually a solid foundation for his poetry.
Translation:
Burn agarwood (precious spice) carefully to eliminate the hot and humid summer heat. The chirping of birds calls for a sunny day (there is an old saying that the chirping of birds can bring rain), and at dawn I secretly listened to their "speech" under the eaves. The first sunshine on the lotus leaves has dried up the overnight rain, and the water surface is clear and round. Each lotus leaf stands out against the morning breeze.
(Seeing this scenery) I think of my distant hometown. When can I go back? My family is originally from the Wuyue area (today's Qiantang), and I have lived in Chang'an for a long time. In May, my childhood friend in my hometown was thinking about me. I rowed a boat and came to the lotus pond in my dream (the poem refers to the West Lake of Hangzhou).
[Edit this paragraph] Su Muzhe·The sea and the sky are one color
On a late spring night, the plum blossoms are raining, and the wind is blowing. The courtyard of the Ming Dynasty was miserable, with fragments of fragrant souls scattered and scattered in the mud.
The soft hands are exposed, the piano is played quietly, the hands are lowered and the eyebrows are lowered, thinking about playing. Who can my daughter tell her thoughts to? The flowing water flows through the clouds, and they look at each other speechless.
[Edit this paragraph] Su Muzhe·Snow Floating Lotus
The cold wind is clear and the bright red is falling. The moonlight is like poetry, and the water has thousands of waves. The sky is high and the water is wide beside Longtan. Poor residual lotus, Fangfei is lonely.
In this life, love leads to the wrong one. Reincarnation after another life, love will end in this life. Staring at the cold pond, the sound of wind breaks. I don’t love day and night, I just want this promise.
Theme: Shangque rises from the lonely lingering lotus in autumn. Xia Que writes about the confusion of love in this life, and the promises made in this life, only waiting for the next life. It writes endless sadness and helplessness.
[Edit this paragraph] Su Muzhe·Old Friendship
Leng Youzi
Cuiyun Mountain, the clear water is cold, the rain falls silently, and no words of return are remembered .
It is unique that cold mountains and rivers are not yet warm. The clouds dispersed and the wind stayed, and the boat was left behind as the sun set.
The lonely flute is silent, the heart is not broken, there is no intention to go or stay, and there is no words to return home?
Only one drinks to drown his sorrows. The clouds leave without leaving a trace, and the clear rain returns late!
[Edit this paragraph] Su Muzhe·Acacia Girl
Leng Youzi
Wearing a green gown, drinking strong wine, holding a long sword, riding a horse as fast as wind.
The figure is as strong as a dragon. In the wind and rain, where are the rivers and lakes?
Willow-leaf eyebrows, cherry mouth, body as light as smoke, who has to work to clean clothes?
Worrying and missing. The moon sets and the sun sets, forgetting each other in the rivers and lakes.
[Edit this paragraph] Su Muzhe · Lovesickness in the Night Rain
The night is vast and full of stars, the night ices the soul, and the stars accompany people to sigh.
I regret that we met and knew each other too late, regret that the passing years have passed, and regret that it is difficult to sleep.
The wind is blowing, the rain is continuous, the wind is cool and the sleeves are cold, and the rain accompanies people's longing.
I miss the flying swallows, the mandarin ducks, and the Xiao Honglian.
— "Jian" and "xiu" both refer to the girl I miss, and "Xiao" is her name.
Su Muzhe (Banshe Diao) [Song Dynasty] Zhang Xian
The willows are soft and the flowers are few.
The sound of the carved plate is clear, with a light Jiangnan tone.
On the slanting sun, the two poles remain green. The horse's feet are heavy,
and it is close to Qingmen Road. The dust is gone and people are gone.
Looking back at the flag pavilion, the red dress gradually becomes smaller.
Don’t be surprised that Anren’s head turns gray early.
If heaven has feelings, it will eventually grow old.
(Note: One word is missing in □)
Zhang Xian (990-1078), named Ziye, was born in Wucheng (now Huzhou, Zhejiang). In the eighth year of Tiansheng (1030), he became a Jinshi. He successively served as the governor of Suzhou, the county magistrate of Wujiang, and the judge of Jiahe (now Jiaxing, Zhejiang). In the second year of Huangyou (1050), Yan Shuzhi Yongxing Army (today's Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) was established as a general judge. Later, he became known to Yuzhou and Guozhou as a garrison member. He knew Anlu from taste, so he was called Zhang Anlu. In the first year of Zhiping (1064), he became an official as a minister and a doctor. He died in the first year of Yuanfeng at the age of eighty-nine. Zhang Xian "is capable of poetry and music, and will never fade into old age" (Volume 2 of "Shilin Poetry Talk"). Most of the content of his poems reflects the poetry and wine life of scholar-bureaucrats and the love between men and women, and also reflects urban social life. Linguistic skill.
He entertained himself by climbing mountains and rivers and composing poems. Ci is as famous as Liu Yong. He is good at Xiaoling and slow Ci. His words are subtle, skillful and full of emotion. The themes are mostly about male love and female love, lovesickness and farewell, or reflect the leisure life of feudal literati. Some fresh and profound little words are written very emotionally. At first, the poem "Xing Xiangzi" contained the sentence "Things in my heart, tears in my eyes, people in my mind", so people called him "Zhang Sanzhong". Later, he cited three words that he was most proud of in his life: "The clouds break and the moon comes, and the flowers make their shadows" ("Fairy"); "The delicate and lazy woman rises up, and the curtain rolls the shadows of flowers" ("Returning to the Court"); "The soft willow sways and falls." Light and shadowless" ("Peony Cutting"), known as "Zhang Sanying" in the world. There is a line in "A Cluster of Flowers" that "thinking carefully is not as good as peaches and apricots, but it is better to marry the east wind", which depicts the psychological activities of a resentful girl in a boudoir in a very delicate and vivid way. He Shang commented in "Wrinkle Shuixuan Ci Hua" that this poem is particularly "unreasonable and wonderful". Poetry is also famous in contemporary times.
His Ci is implicit and upright, rich in imagery, and concise in nature. It has a huge influence on the history of Wanyue Ci in the Song Dynasty. He is a contributor that cannot be ignored in the transition from Xiaoling Ci to Manan Ci. Chen Tingzhuo, a Ci theorist in the late Qing Dynasty, commented on Zhang Ziye's Ci: "The talent is not great but the emotion is abundant. It is different from the Qin, Liu, Yan, and Ou schools. It has its own wonderful realm. This family is indispensable in the CI world." ("Ci Forum Cong") "Words") Chen Tingzhuo also said: "Zhang Ziye's poetry is a big shift from ancient to modern times. In the past, it was Yan, Ou, Wen and Wei. Although the body and segment were present, the voice and color were not developed. After that, it was Qin and Liu, Su, Su and Wei. Xin, for Meicheng and Baishi, is vigorous and vigorous, and the atmosphere is new, but the ancient meaning is gradually lost. There is a hint of subtlety, but there is also a hint of progression. It is not like Haosu Niliu. Although the scale is small, the style is ancient. Since the time of Ziye, the style of Wen and Wei has not been the same. "("Bai Yuzhai Ci Hua") It clearly pointed out Zhang Xian's position in the history of Ci.
Mr. Zhang enjoyed wealth, poetry, wine and many good stories throughout his life. His friend Su Shi gave him a poem that describes his life: "The poet is still there when he is old, but when the prince returns he is busy." It is said that Zhang Xian still married an 18-year-old woman as his concubine when he was 80 years old. At a family dinner, Su Shi once again wrote a poem to ridicule: "The eighteenth bride and the eighty-year-old man, with pale hair and red makeup. Mandarin ducks sleep in pairs at night, and a pear tree presses the begonia."
Su Muzhe< /p>
Mei Yaochen
The embankment is flat and the villa is smokey. The green leaves are green and lush, and the river is dawning after the rain.
Only Yu Lang was the youngest. The spring robe is tied to the ground, and its tender color is suitable for photographing.
Take the long pavilion and get lost in the long road. It's a shame to blame the king and his grandson for not remembering the early return date.
After all the pear blossoms have fallen, spring has come again. The setting sun is all over the place, green and smoky.