What poems were there in ancient China to express accusations against rulers?

1, "Peacock Flying Southeast" is the first narrative poem in the history of China literature, which is as famous as "Mulan Poetry". Based on a marriage tragedy in Lujiang County (now Anhui Province) during the reign of Emperor Xian in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Originally a folk song, it may have been polished by later literati.

The story tells the story of a young woman named Liu Lanzhi who was beautiful, kind, intelligent and hardworking during the Jian 'an period at the end of Han Dynasty. After she married Jiao Zhongqing, the couple respected each other, loved each other and had deep feelings. Unexpectedly, the stubborn mother Jiao looked at her with unhappy eyes, was critical in every way, and bullied her into firing her. Jiao Zhongqing was forced by her mother's orders, but she had to persuade Lan Zhi to stay away from her family until she tried to take her home in the future. When they broke up, the two vowed never to lose each other. Who knows that after Lan Zhi returned to her mother's house, her flattering brother forced her to remarry the son of the satrap. Jiao Zhongqing rushed to the scene, and the two agreed to "meet under the grave". On the wedding day of the satrap's son, both of them died of double suicide. Through the love tragedy of Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing, Peacock Flying Southeast accuses the evil of feudal ethics, paternalism and the concept of gate valve, and expresses the reasonable desire of young men and women for their independence in marriage and love. Liu Lanzhi, the heroine, is faithful to love and has an uncompromising struggle against feudal forces and feudal ethics, which makes her a rebellious female image in the history of literature and is praised by young men and women in later generations.

2. Chedian is a narrative poem written by Du Fu, a great poet in Tang Dynasty. The whole poem is divided into two sections with the boundary of "and bystanders ask you questions every time": the first section is a chronicle of tragic farewell; The second paragraph expresses the dissatisfaction of recruiter Ji Yan. This poem has profound ideological content. Through the recruiter's reply to the old man, it poured out the people's hatred of the war, exposed the long-term military battle of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and caused great disasters to the people. The whole poem contains emotion in the narrative. In the narrative order, the uneven levels echo back and forth, the order changes, and the clever use of turning sentences and idioms has produced thrilling artistic effects. The poet wrote new poems on Yuefu and current affairs, and made pioneering contributions to the New Yuefu Movement in the middle Tang Dynasty.

3. Three officials and Three Farewells, namely Xin 'an official, Shi Haoguan official, Tongguan official, newly married, homeless and resigned, are Du Fu's works, which profoundly describe the sufferings of people in troubled times and the loneliness of life experience. It expresses the author's sympathy for the war-torn people and his accusation against the rulers.

4. Guo Fengwei Feng Shuo Shu is one of The Book of Songs, a collection of realistic poems in ancient China. There is little difference between ancient and modern views on the theme of this poem. The ancients thought it was "stabbing", but today people think it is against exploitation and yearning for the promised land. The poem consists of three chapters, each with eight sentences, which is purely a metaphor, and the metaphor of the exploiter is accurate and straightforward. It also expresses accusations against the rulers.