Mount Emei Yuege
Dynasty: Tang Dynasty
Author: Li Bai
Original text:
In the autumn of the first half of Mount Emei, the Pingqiang River reflected.
In the evening, Qingxi went to the Three Gorges, but the four gentlemen did not see Yuzhou.
Translation:
In front of the steep Mount Emei, there is a half-moon suspension. The flowing Pingqiang River reflects the bright moon. Set out by boat at night, leave Qingxi and go straight to the Three Gorges. Miss you, hard to meet, reluctant to part with Yuzhou.
Precautions:
⑴ Emei Mountain: located in the southwest of Emei County, Sichuan Province.
(2) Semi-circular autumn moon: a semi-circular autumn moon, that is, the first quarter moon or the second quarter moon.
(3) Shadow: the shadow of moonlight. Pingqiang: Qingyi River, northeast of Emei Mountain. Originated in Lushan, Sichuan, it flows through Leshan and flows into Minjiang River.
(4) Evening: Tonight.
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In the 13th year of Kaiyuan (725), Li Bai made it on his way out of Shu. This poem has clear artistic conception, simple language and smooth rhyme. The whole poem is one of Li Bai's masterpieces with beautiful artistic conception and natural style.
The poem begins with "Emei Mountain Moon", pointing out that the season of traveling far away is in autumn. The word "autumn" is upside down at the end of the sentence because of its rhyme. Autumn is crisp and the moonlight is bright ("autumn moon is bright"). The word "autumn" also describes the beauty of moonlight, which is natural and wonderful. The moon is only "half a circle", which reminds people of the beautiful artistic conception of the castle peak spitting the moon. There is Pingqiang River in the northeast of Emei Mountain, now Qingyi River, which originates from Lushan County, Sichuan Province, flows to Leshan County and joins Minjiang River. The second sentence "shadow" refers to the shadow of the moon, and the verbs "enter" and "flow" form a linked predicate, indicating that the shadow of the moon is reflected into the river and goes with it. Life experience tells us that no matter how the river flows, the moon shadow in the water is fixed. "When the moon is gone, I will go." Only when the viewer goes down the river will he see the wonderful scenery of "shadow into the river" Therefore, this sentence not only describes the beautiful scenery of Qingjiang River reflected by the moon, but also describes the darkness of sailing in autumn night. Artistic conception can be described as ethereal and wonderful.
There is someone in the second sentence, and the person in the third sentence has appeared: he is leaving Qingxi Station overnight, entering the Minjiang River and heading for the Three Gorges. Young people who "go to the countryside with swords and shadows and leave their loved ones to travel far away" will be reluctant to leave their hometown. Seeing the moon on the river is like seeing an old friend. However, the bright moon is not an old friend after all. I can only "look up at the bright moon and send my feelings for thousands of miles." The last sentence, "I miss you, but I can't see Yuzhou", can be described as infinite separation.
Five place names are used in the poem in succession, which are ingenious and leave no trace. The poet passes through Emei Mountain-Pingqiang River-Qingxi-Three Gorges-Yuzhou in turn, and the poetic scene gradually unfolds a map of the Shu River for readers. Apart from the "Emei Mountain Moon", there is almost no more specific description of the scenery in the poem; Except for the word "four kings", there is no lyric. However, the artistic image of "Emei Mountain Moon" runs through the whole poetic realm and becomes a catalyst for poetic sentiment. It has rich implications: the mountains and the moon accompany Wan Li, which can be seen every night, making the feeling of "missing you" deeper and deeper. The bright moon is approachable and unattainable, which is a symbol of missing friends. Where there is a bright moon singing, where there is a feeling of missing friends in the river, which is intoxicating. Using five place names in a row can make a trip in an exquisite place, which is both heroic and homesick. The language flows naturally, just like "clear water produces hibiscus, natural carving"
Originally, the expression of time and space changes in short quatrains is quite limited, so the general writing method is not to transcend time and space at the same time. The time and space span expressed in this poem is really free. There are five place names in twenty-eight words, and the word * * * is twelve, which is unique among the ten thousand quatrains in the Tang Dynasty. It means "four words in the place name are five, and the ancient and modern eyes are the last words, and they never tire of repeating them" (in Wang Linzhou's language). The reason is that the poet's experience of swimming in the river and his yearning for his friends are permeated in the poetic realm, and the symbolic artistic images of mountains and moons are everywhere, unifying a vast space and a long time. Secondly, the treatment of place names is also full of changes. "Emei Mountain Moon" and "Pingqiang River" are attached to the scenery by place names and are useless; "Faqingxi", "Xiangsanxia" and "Xiayuzhou" are all practical, but their positions in the sentence are also different. I can't feel the trace when I read it. It's wonderful in chemical engineering.
Brief introduction of the author
Li Bai (70 1 ~ 762), whose name is Taibai, is a violet layman. He is the most unique and greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan. He has the reputation of "poetic immortal" and is also called "Du Li" with Du Fu. His poems are mainly lyrical, showing the arrogant spirit of contempt for powerful people, expressing sympathy for people's sufferings, being good at depicting natural scenery and expressing his love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland. The poetic style is magnificent and bold, the imagination is rich, the language flows naturally, the melody is harmonious and changeable, and it is good at absorbing nutrients and materials from folk literature and myths and legends, which constitutes its unique magnificent and gorgeous color and reaches the peak of poetic art in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. There are more than 1000 poems, including 30 volumes of Li Taibai's Collection.