Tao Yuanming was the most outstanding writer in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. He has made great achievements in all fields of literature, and his poems have the greatest influence on later generations, especially his masterpiece Pastoral Poetry. Tao Yuanming wrote many "pastoral poems" in his life, which is a portrayal of his life ideal.
Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems mostly describe beautiful and quiet rural scenery, expressing his carefree mood and feelings about rural life. Five "Returning to the Garden" are one of the representative works of the poet's pastoral poems. There is a poem in the poem "Little without Folk Rhyme", which expresses the poet's happy mood after he resigned and retired, and shows his eager pursuit of a quiet and beautiful pastoral life and a carefree seclusion life.
This poem describes the courtyards and thatched cottages under the shadow of elms and peaches and plums, and the villages under the shadow in the evening, where smoke from kitchen chimneys rises and beats against mulberry trees. Although the landscaping is ordinary, it shows a quiet and simple pastoral scenery.
"Drink? The poem "In the Humanistic Environment", which built a house, describes his leisurely seclusion life of "picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and seeing Nanshan leisurely". Migration? The poem "What a Beautiful Spring and Autumn Day" describes his leisure time in farming and the joy of hanging around with his friends. Read Shan Hai Jing? Xia Meng's poem Long Grass and Long Trees describes his pleasure in reading books after busy farming.
Xia Meng is lush in this season, and my home is surrounded by green trees. Birds seem to be satisfied with their food. I love my thatched cottage. After farm work, I often come back to read my favorite books. Live in a secluded village lane, away from the noise, even if old friends drive back. Enjoy spring wine and pick vegetables from my garden. The drizzle blows from the east, accompanied by a fresh breeze. Pan-browse "Biography of Zhou Wang", flowing all over the mountains and seas. Pitch to the end of the universe, what if you are unhappy!
In addition to describing the rural scenery, Tao Yuanming also describes the hardships of labor, his own hardships and the depression of the countryside, which is more realistic. Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems have a unique style in art, and the most prominent performance of this style is: plain and natural. Tao Yuanming can write extremely ordinary life scenes in simple language and create a unique poetic mood.
Tao Yuanming's pastoral language is like the spoken language of farmers, but his artistic image is vivid and distinct. Su Shi, a great poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote:
Poems in Yuan and Ming Dynasties are slow at first glance and interesting to read. Such as:' a warm and distant village, the smoke in a market in Iraq. Dogs bark in deep alleys, chickens crow and mulberry trees jump. "He also said,' Pick chrysanthemums under the east fence and see Nanshan leisurely'." If the rate is high, it will have a beautiful meaning and can be achieved. For example, a great craftsman carries a kilo without an axe. If you don't know, you will die of exhaustion.
The images in Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems are very beautiful, and the poet is very careful in the choice of images. He chose primitive and simple images and rejected literati images. Choose more beautiful images that are detached, quiet, stable and can give people a warm feeling.
In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, when Tao Yuanming lived, poetry pursued beauty and attached importance to embellishment. Tao Yuanming, on the other hand, created a new artistic realm by writing simple, natural and meaningful poems, such as "Qifeng Sudden". Hong Zeng, a native of Southern Song Dynasty, wrote:
I tried to comment on Tao Gong's poems. The language is plain and profound. If it withers outside, it is actually the crown of a real poet.
Tao Yuanming's pastoral poetry broke the dull law of metaphysical poetry, opened up a new world of poetry creation, made "pastoral poetry" an important genre in China's classical poetry, and made great contributions to the development of pastoral poetry in later generations. In addition to pastoral poems, Tao Yuanming's drinking poems and nostalgic poems are also quite successful. Tao Yuanming is the first poet who wrote a lot of drinking poems in the history of China literature. His 20 "Drinking" is the upper class whose voice is "intoxicating" or upside down; Or expose the decadent darkness of the world; Still reflect the sinister occupation.
Tao Yuanming's poems chanting for the bosom are represented by 12 miscellaneous poems and 13 reading the classics of mountains and seas. 12' s miscellaneous poems mostly show Tao Yuanming's political depression after his retirement and express his noble personality of not going with the flow.
The poem 13 in Reading the Classic of Mountains and Seas expresses the same content as the poem 12 in Miscellaneous Poems by reciting the wonders in the Classic of Mountains and Seas. For example, in the tenth poem, Jing Wei and Xing Tian are praised for their "fierce ambition" to express and show that their ambition to save the world will never die.
Tao Yuanming
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