"Cattle and sheep have fallen for a long time, and each one is in Chai Men." The faint afterglow of the sunset filled the remote mountain village, and flocks of cattle and sheep had already returned from the fields, and every household was shut up in Chaifei and reunited with each other. The first couplet is from The Book of Songs, "The evening has passed, and the cattle and sheep come down". There is only one word "long" in the sentence "cattle and sheep come down for a long time", which naturally reminds people of leisure in the mountain village in the evening; However, "About Chai Men" makes people imagine that people enjoy family happiness from a lonely and indifferent village. This reveals a kind of homesickness and love for relatives. The moon rises quietly, and the poet stares at this quiet mountain village, and can't help but feel the sadness of missing his hometown:
"The wind and the moon rise at night, and Jiangshan is not the hometown." Autumn night, the evening breeze is cool, the bright moon is in the sky, and the mountains and rivers in western Qin are picturesque in the moonlight, but they are not the scenery of their hometown! A faint sentence has a sense of sadness. Du Fu used awkward sentences in this couplet. The word "Zi" should be flat, but it is voiced, and the word "Fei" should be flat. Zi and Fei are the key words in the sentence. Once rescued, they seem to be full of waves. It was because they obeyed the needs of the content that they expressed their yearning for their hometown deeply and euphemistically. Although the mountains and rivers are beautiful, they are not home. This "self" and "non" implies a kind of helpless emotion and a strong homesickness.
The deeper the night, the quieter people are. The poet looked at autumn scenery, a mountain village with homesickness, as if it were covered with a layer of cold color: "The stone spring flows into the dark wall, and the grass dew drops into the autumn roots". The word order of these two sentences is deliberately misplaced. The original sentence sequence should be: "dark spring flows on the stone wall, and autumn dew drops on the grass roots." It means that the cold moonlight is scattered all over the mountains and rivers, the deep spring water is gurgling on the stone wall, and the dew on the autumn night is condensed on the grass roots, crystal clear. How sad and clean the artistic conception is! Give people a feeling of sadness and depression. The dislocation of word order not only makes the tone more sonorous and harmonious, but also highlights the "stone spring" and "grass dew", which makes the poems expressed by "flowing dark walls" and "dripping autumn roots" more peculiar and rich. From the lonely and quiet night scene, a feeling of dying is faintly revealed.
The scene is so deserted that the poet can't help but walk back to the house silently, sitting alone with bright lights, and his heart is even more sad and sad: "Why do you need flowers when your head is white and bright?" Du Fu lived in Shu for nearly ten years, and he was old and sickly in his later years. Now, his gray hair and bright lights complement each other, and he still has a long way to go back to his hometown. Therefore, although the colorful flowers in front of him seem to bode well, the poet is not only unhappy, but also very upset. The sentence "why" is humorous and sad. On the surface, it looks like a layer of self-comfort, but in fact it is full of bitterness.
"Love words can be subtle and have a turning point. Only Ling Du won." Wang Fuzhi's comments on Du Fu's poems just illustrate the artistic features of this poem. The poet's sense of aging and the sadness of missing his hometown are not positively expressed in his poems. He just euphemistically said, "Why are there so many flowers?" He lightly blamed snuff for the good news, as if he had no good luck at all and could not touch it. This kind of writing is really tortuous, subtle and intriguing, giving people a more vivid impression and profound feeling, which can be said to have reached a perfect artistic situation.