After the founding of New China, the United States continued to assist Chiang Kai-shek militarily, and at the same time supported the reactionary forces of Korea, Vietnam and other countries, and established an encirclement against China. On June 25th, 195, the Korean Civil War broke out. The United States adopted the policy of armed intervention. On June 27th, US President Truman announced that he would send troops to North Korea and ordered the US Navy's Seventh Fleet to invade the Taiwan Province Strait. On the same day, the United Nations Security Council passed a resolution under the manipulation of the United States, Britain and other countries, and the United Nations Member States should send troops to follow the American army into the DPRK. On June 28, Mao Zedong delivered a speech, calling on "the people of the whole country and the whole world to unite and make full preparations to defeat any provocation of American imperialism." On the same day, Zhou Enlai issued a statement on behalf of the China government, strongly condemning the crimes committed by the United States in invading North Korea, Taiwan Province and interfering in Asian affairs. Call on "all mankind who love peace, justice and freedom in the world, especially the oppressed nationalities and people in the East, to stand up in unison and stop the new aggression of American imperialism in the East."
On July 1th, 195, the Korean People's Movement Committee against American Aggression against Taiwan Province and Korea was established in Beijing, and on the 14th, it issued the Notice on Holding the Movement Week against American Aggression against Taiwan Province and Korea. The movement to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea began to spread throughout the country, forming its first climax.
On September 15th, 195, 75, United Nations troops led by the United States landed at Incheon Port on the west coast of Korea. Since then, the Korean People's Army has suffered heavy losses and turned to a strategic retreat. On October 1st, the US puppet troops crossed the 38th parallel, then invaded Pyongyang and continued to invade the Yalu River on the border between China and North Korea.
Since August 27th, American planes have repeatedly invaded China's airspace for reconnaissance and bombing. Faced with this situation, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made a decision to resist US aggression and aid Korea and defend the country at the request of the Korean Party and government. On October 8, 195, Mao Zedong, on behalf of the Central Military Commission, ordered Chinese people's Volunteer Army to go to the DPRK to participate in the war. On October 19th, Chinese people's Volunteer Army, with Peng Dehuai as the commander and political commissar, began to cross the Yalu River from Anton (present-day Dandong), Changdian Estuary and Ji 'an respectively, and entered the Korean War. From October 25 to December 24, the Volunteers, together with the Korean People's Army, fought two battles in succession, wiped out more than 5, enemies, recovered Pyongyang on December 6, and drove the enemy back to the vicinity of the 38th parallel, initially reversing the war situation in North Korea.
On October 26th, 195, the China People's Committee for Defending World Peace against American Aggression (China People's General Association for Resisting US Aggression and Aid Korea) was established. Branches have been established in various administrative regions, provinces and cities, or the original Committee for Defending World Peace and the Committee against US Aggression have been merged and reorganized into branches to resist US aggression and aid Korea. On November 4th, China's * * * production party and the democratic parties jointly issued a declaration, "vowing to fully support the just demands of the people of the whole country and support the people of the whole country to fight for the sacred task of resisting US aggression, aiding Korea and defending the country on a voluntary basis." From 4th to 11th, the National Federation of Natural Sciences, the National Science Popularization Association, the Social Science Research Association, the All-China Women's Federation, the All-China Youth Federation and other people's organizations issued declarations respectively, supporting the joint declaration of the Central Committee and the democratic parties, and calling on the masses to actively participate in the movement to resist US aggression and aid Korea and defend their country. On November 27th, Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference held a joint meeting with the democratic parties, and on December 1st, it issued the Notice on the Agreement of the Democratic Parties and People's Organizations to Comfort Chinese people's Volunteer Army and the Korean People's Army Movement. On December 22nd, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Central People's Government and the General Political Department of the People's Revolutionary Military Commission jointly issued the "Instructions on Launching the New Year's Campaign of Supporting the Government, Caring for the People and Supporting the Army's Subordinate Members". On February 16, 1951, Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference sent a telegram calling for the movement to resist US aggression and aid Korea to "further spread and penetrate into every village, every institution, every school, every factory, every shop, every street and every ethnic group's inhabited area." On March 14th, the General Assembly of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea issued a circular, saying, "Efforts should be made to popularize the practical work and publicity and education work of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, so that everyone everywhere in the country can receive this patriotic education and take an active part in this patriotic action." Since then, the movement to resist US aggression and aid Korea has entered a stage of more popularization and in-depth development.
On January 14th, 1951, the General Assembly to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea issued the Notice on Comfort for Korean People's Army in Chinese people's Volunteer Army and Relief for Korean Refugees. On the 15th, People's Daily published an editorial, calling on people all over the country to actively participate in the patriotic fund-raising campaign. By May 3th, the people of the whole country had donated more than 118.6 billion yuan, over 77, condolence bags and over 1.26 million condolence items. From early April to mid-May, a condolence delegation from China people, composed of representatives from democratic parties, people's organizations and people from all walks of life, went to all parts of North Korea to express condolences to Chinese people's Volunteer Army, the Korean People's Army and the masses.
On June 1, 1951, the General Assembly of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea issued a circular calling on compatriots from all walks of life in China to donate planes and cannons. Since then, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, the All-China Women's Federation, the Central Committee of the Youth League, the All-China Youth Federation, the China Red Cross and other people's organizations have issued declarations and circulars, calling on compatriots from all walks of life to actively donate. By September 25, * * * had donated 2,481 aircraft, and the donation amounted to 997 billion yuan.
from December 31, 195 to January 7, 1951, the volunteers launched the third campaign, wiping out more than 19, enemy troops. From January 25th to April 21st, the Volunteers launched the fourth campaign, wiping out 78, enemy troops. On April 11th, MacArthur, the "Commander-in-Chief of the United Nations Army", was removed from his post and was replaced by Li Qiwei, commander of the Eighth Army invading North Korea. From April 22 to June 1, the volunteers won the fifth battle, and * * * wiped out more than 82, people.
On July 1th, 1951, the United Nations military and China and North Korea held talks for the first time in Kaesong, North Korea. The United States conducted political blackmail at the negotiating table, demanding that the military demarcation line be drawn in the area north of the 38th parallel controlled by the Chinese and North Korean troops. Later, there was a complicated situation of talking and fighting in the Korean battlefield. On August 18th, the U.S. military concentrated eight divisions and launched a "summer offensive", and then launched an autumn offensive on September 29th. At the same time, the US Air Force carried out the so-called "strangulation war" and bombarded the rear and rear transportation lines of the Chinese and Korean people's armies on a large scale day and night in an attempt to cut off the supply of grain and ammunition to the front line of the Chinese and Korean people's armies and force the Chinese and Korean sides to accept their negotiation conditions. After the heroic battle of the Chinese and Korean people's armies, by the end of October, the enemy's offensive had been crushed and 25, people had been wiped out.
At the beginning of p>1952, the U.S. invading army openly violated international conventions and spread a large number of animals and insects with plague, cholera, typhoid fever and other infectious diseases in northern Korea and northeastern China, in an attempt to fundamentally weaken the combat effectiveness of the Chinese and Korean soldiers and civilians with the so-called "germ warfare". On February 24, Guo Moruo, chairman of the General Association to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, issued a statement calling on the people of the whole country to mobilize and resolutely denounce and stop the crime of spreading bacteria by the US military. On March 8, Zhou Enlai issued a statement to protest against the use of bacteriological weapons and the violation of China's airspace by the US government. In order to defeat American bacterial weapons, the Chinese and Korean people mobilized urgently, launched epidemic prevention and health campaigns, and took various measures to mobilize all possible manpower, material resources and medicine to put out poisonous insects with bacteria. The germ warfare in the United States aroused great public indignation among people all over the world, and made the United States completely trapped in the defendant status of condemnation and trial by people all over the world. On April 28th, "General Bacterium" Li Qiwei stepped down, and American general Clark took over as "Commander-in-Chief of the United Nations Army". America's "germ warfare" failed.
On June 23rd, 1952, the US air force invaded North Korea and bombed the Yalu River hydropower plant in China on a large scale. On July 11th, the US Air Force bombed and strafed Pyongyang, a peaceful city in North Korea. Protests and denunciations were held in various parts of China to expose and protest this atrocity of the United States. The United States attempted to obstruct the repatriation of all prisoners of war from China and North Korea, and brutally destroyed and persecuted the Chinese and North Korean prisoners it captured, causing great indignation among the Chinese and North Korean people. From February to October, 1952, People's Daily published many editorials and statements, exposing and condemning the crimes of persecuting prisoners of war by the US military. The people of the whole country have also actively set off protests and demanded the release of all prisoners of war.
Clark launched the Battle of Shangganling on October 14th, 1952, in order to save the defeat and force China and North Korea to accept the negotiation terms of the United States. The US military has invested more than 6, troops, dispatched 3, planes and more than 17 tanks, and used 18 artillery battalions to attack the Shangganling position with less than 3.7 square kilometers. During the 44-day fierce battle, the US military fired 2 million shells and 5, bombs at Shangganling, and launched more than 9 charges. However, the volunteer soldiers held their positions. In this campaign, the volunteers wiped out 27, enemies. From mid-May to mid-June, 1953, Chinese people's Volunteer Army cooperated with the armistice negotiations and launched two offensive operations, destroying more than 4, people. On July 13th, the People's Army of China and North Korea launched the jincheng battle, wiped out more than 5, people and recovered 178 square kilometers of land.
On July 27th, 1953, the Korean Armistice Agreement was signed in Panmunjom.
The United States signed the Agreement on Military Armistice in Korea with the representatives of China and North Korea in Panmunjom on July 27th, 1953. The Korean War, which lasted for 3 years and 32 days, ended. The Chinese and North Korean armies wiped out more than one million enemy troops, including 39, American troops, shot down and injured more than 12,2 enemy planes, sank and injured 257 enemy ships, and destroyed and seized countless enemy combat materials. At this point, the China People's Movement to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea also ended successfully.
After the armistice in Korea, Chinese people's Volunteer Army helped the Korean people to do a lot of work for post-war recovery and construction. In October 1958, Chinese people's Volunteer Army completely withdrew from North Korea and returned to the motherland.
In p>1984, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China rehabilitated the captured volunteers and implemented the policy.