Combined with related questions, this paper briefly discusses the questioning angles of several classical poetry appreciation questions in order to provide help for candidates.
First, ask questions from key words.
Understanding the key words in poetry is the first step to appreciate poetry. Only by fully understanding the key words in classical poetry can we appreciate poetry more accurately. Therefore, understanding key words has become a questioning angle of classical poetry appreciation.
For example: 1. Read the following Tang poem and complete the questions after the poem.
Mujiangyin
Bai Juyi
A sunset gradually sank into the river, half green and half green. On the third night of September, the dew is like a pearl and the moon is like a bow.
Question: The sunset shines on the river, and the poet said "paving the way" instead of "taking pictures". How is the expression effect?
Analysis: Classical poems often contain feelings in the scenery, and each poem has its artistic conception, which is closely related to each other. Only by fully understanding words can we better understand the artistic conception of poetry. According to the poem, at this time, the sun is close to the horizon and almost shines on the ground, so paving the road is more accurate and vivid. The use of the word "shop" can better show the softness of the autumn sunset and the calmness of the river, giving people a sense of leisure.
Second, ask questions in key sentences.
The so-called key sentence refers to the "poetic eye" sentence in poetry, that is, the sentence that can reveal the theme and artistic connotation of poetry. These sentences play a key role in expressing the theme, deepening artistic conception and highlighting the image. Only by accurately grasping these key sentences and in-depth analysis can we find the key points to cut into the whole poem and further grasp the connotation of the whole poem.
For example: 2. Read the following words and complete the test.
Genglouzi
Wen tingjun
Jade furnace incense, red wax tears, partial according to painting hall Qiu Si. The eyebrows are thin, the eyes are thin, the clouds are residual, and the night is long and the pillow is cold.
Buttonwood tree, it is raining in the middle of the night, and the hobby that never leaves is bitter. Night after night, one after another, empty steps fall into the light.
Q: "buttonwood, it rains in the middle of the night, and it's hard to leave." What do you mean? What are the characteristics of lyricism?
Analysis: The angle of this question is the key sentence to appreciate ancient poetry. This sentence plays a key role in the text, which means: the cold rain in the middle of the night in autumn drops on the buttonwood. Who can understand this parting? Point out the connotation of this poem. This sentence is what people have heard, describing the scenery, and the feelings and scenery are integrated into one. Until dawn, there is no continuous autumn rain, just like the departure of the protagonist.
Third, doubt the artistic conception of poetry.
Poetic artistic conception is the artistic realm of poetry formed by the creation and connection of various images. It is an intriguing artistic realm formed by the organic combination of the poet's thoughts and feelings with the things or pictures described in the poem. It is highly contagious. Poetry appreciation focuses on understanding the artistic conception of poetry. If you can understand the artistic conception of poetry, you can accurately understand the thoughts or feelings expressed in poetry. Therefore, exploring the artistic conception of poetry has become an examination point.
Example: 3. Read the following words and complete the test.
A butterfly in love with flowers
Yan Shu
The threshold chrysanthemum worries about smoke and tears, the curtain is light and cold, and the swallows fly away. The bright moon doesn't know how to leave sorrow and hate bitterness, and shines obliquely on bamboo households.
Last night, the west wind withered the trees, and I went up to the tall building alone and looked at the horizon. Want to send colorful stationery and rulers, where do you know?
Question: (1) In the first part of Ci, how did the poet express the bitterness of "retaining hatred"?
(2) "Last night, the west wind withered the green trees, and I went to the tall building alone to look at the horizon." Artistic conception of sentences
Parse: (1) omitted. (2) The angle of this question is to appreciate the artistic realm of ancient poetry. A: The trees withered overnight because of the west wind, which shows that the west wind is chilling, the scenery is bleak and people are lonely. Not only that, the poet unexpectedly showed a vast and boundless realm. "A person is in a tall building, watching the end of the world." From the sadness of the narrow curtain courtyard to the vision of a broad realm. Therefore, although the three sentences contain sadness and sadness that you can't see, the feelings are solemn and stirring, without a trace of delicate and decadent atmosphere; Language cleanliness is ahead of China, using pure line drawing. The weather is vast and the realm is high.
Fourth, questions come from expression skills.
Classical poetry attaches great importance to expressive skills. Appreciating poetry, we should also analyze the expressive methods of poetry. To accurately distinguish the expressive skills used in poetry, we must master all kinds of expressive skills and their functions, understand related rhetoric and master related terms. In the setting of test questions, doubts are often descriptive or lyrical.
Example 4. Read the following Tang poems and complete the test.
Early Spring in the Capital: Arriving at Zhangji
Han Yu
There is a lot of silk in the sky above the avenue, which is as delicate and moist as butter. The grass is vaguely connected in the distance, but it looks sparse in the near future.
This is the most beautiful season of the year, far better than the late spring of the green willow.
Question: In what ways does the poet describe the color of early spring grass? (Chifeng unified examination in 2003)
Analysis: The angle of this question is to appreciate the expression skills of ancient poetry. First of all, the poem writes about the existence of grass from the perspective of change. Looking from a distance, there is a faint green, which is the grass color in early spring. You can't see it when you get closer. Photograph the distance and the distance, and convey the spirit in the air. Secondly, compare "tobacco willow" with "spring grass" to highlight the color of early spring grass with hazy beauty.
Fifth, questions from thoughts and feelings.
Emotion is like human blood and water of flowers to poetry. This is the life of poetry. The ancients said: Poetry expresses ambition. No matter how a poet writes a poem, he is expressing his feelings. Therefore, to appreciate poetry, we must accurately grasp the author's thoughts and feelings. To accurately grasp the author's thoughts and feelings, we must know people and discuss the world, understand the relevant background of the times, grasp the poetic image, put people first, and savor the poet's feelings. In the setting of test questions, it is often doubtful to accurately grasp the author's thoughts and feelings.
Example: 5. Read Wang Anshi's poem "Preface to Langtaosha" and complete the test.
Both Yi and Lu failed. They both experienced poverty. One is a fisherman and the other is a farmer. If you hadn't met at that time, you would be a hero.
Tang Wu meets, and the wind is like a tiger and a dragon. Wang Xing was just joking. Until today, thousands of years later, who is striving for merit?
Note: It refers to Yi Yin, who helped the Tang Dynasty destroy the summer, and Lu merchants, who helped the Shang Dynasty destroy the business. Wang Anshi filled in this word and is carrying out political reform.
Q: This is a poem about history. All works about history should express the author's thoughts and feelings. What kind of feelings does this poem express for Wang Anshi? (Tongliao unified examination questions in 2003)
Analysis: The angle of this question is to appreciate the thoughts and feelings of ancient poetry. This paper holds that the great achievements of Yi Yin and Lu Shang are not only their own talents, but also their openness. Wang Anshi was carrying out his own thought of political reform. Of course, he had to win the support of the Song Emperor first. Therefore, this word shows Wang Anshi's hope and his determination and courage to execute the annotation.
6. Questioning from the style and genre.
Style is the poet's distinctive artistic characteristics and creative personality in his creation. Different poets have different styles, and the same poet also has different styles in different creative periods or different works. Therefore, appreciating the style of poetry has become a doubtful point in the college entrance examination.
Example: 6. Read the following words and complete the test.
Linjiangxian? Su Shi returned to Lingao in the evening.
I drank Dongpo in the evening and woke up drunk. It seemed like midnight when I came back. The child is short of breath. You shouldn't even knock, just listen to the sound of the river.
I have hated this body for a long time. When will I forget the camp? The night is calm. Since then, this ship has passed away, and Jiang Hai spent the rest of his life.
Question: (1) Author Su Shi created the style of Song Ci School. We have read his masterpiece.
(2) This word is commonly used by poets in writing techniques.
(3) The artistic style of this word is (Zibo unified examination in 2003).
Analysis: The angle of this question is to appreciate the style of ancient poetry and others. Reference answer: (1) Boldness, "Niannujiao? Red Cliff Nostalgia and Water Tune? Mid-Autumn Festival; (2) Silence stands by sound, and static scenery stands by moving scenery; (3) bold and elegant.
Seven, from the image analysis of doubt.
Like novels and plays, poetry can also shape images, but the difference is that images in poetry can be both characters and lyric protagonists, and most of them are scenes or things depicted in poetry. In any case, the images in poetry are full of the poet's thoughts and feelings. Therefore, only by truly understanding the image of poetry can we better understand the thought of poetry. Therefore, the analysis of images in poetry has become a doubtful point in the college entrance examination.
Example: 7. Read the following Tang poems and complete the test.
Xue Jiang
liu zongyuan
There are no birds flying over those mountains, and there are no traces of people in those paths.
A boat on the river, a fisherman wearing his webworm moth; Fishing alone is not afraid of snow and ice.
(1) The first two sentences of this poem describe the environment.
(2) Try to analyze the image of "Li Weng" briefly. (Baotou unified examination questions in 2002)
Analysis: the angle of this question is to analyze the image of ancient poetry. By reading this poem, we can see that the first two sentences describe a vast, cold and quiet environment.
In this environment, the old fisherman is not afraid of the cold and snow, forgets everything and concentrates on fishing. Although his body is lonely, his personality is particularly lofty and arrogant, even a little awe-inspiring. This illuminated and beautified image of fisherman is the sustenance and portrayal of Liu Zongyuan's thoughts and feelings in real life.
Eight, doubt from the conceptual structure.
The first condition to appreciate poetry is to understand the work, that is, to understand the overall structure of poetry, including the writing idea of poetry, as well as the common structural methods of poetry, such as improvisation, lyricism, and discussion by events. Therefore, when reading poetry, we should not only pay attention to the writing methods such as expressing emotion by borrowing scenery, expressing ambition by supporting things, but also pay attention to the unit division, the generalization of structure and the care before and after. Therefore, analyzing the structure of poetry has become a doubtful point in the college entrance examination.
Read the following words and complete the test.
Yongmei's Land Tour
Outside the bridge, the plum blossoms are lonely, no matter what. Twilight arrival, plum blossom is helpless, already exhausted, but also subject to wind and rain.
Plum blossoms don't want to compete for blooming, and the envy and rejection of flowers don't care. Even after autumn, when it is ground into dirt and turned into dust, plum blossoms still emit fragrance as usual.
Q: How does this word express the poet's ambition and sentiment? (Chengdu unified examination questions in 2003)
Analysis: The angle of this question is to analyze the structure of ancient poetry.
The whole word adopts the method of expressing ambition by supporting objects, and the words and expressions write out the style charm of plum blossom and the noble character of plum blossom. In fact, this is the author's self-portrayal, which shows the bone glue of this person's character, the character of never interacting with people who compete for favor and flatter, and the pride of not being afraid of flattery and destruction.
9. Questions from language arts.
The language of poetry is the basic element of poetry, just like the door of literature. Only by fully appreciating language can we explore the truth, goodness and beauty of the literary palace. Therefore, the skills of choosing words and making sentences, the use and effect of figures of speech, the vividness, vividness, implication, conciseness and the overall style of language have all become the test points of the college entrance examination.
Example: 9. Read the following Song lyrics and complete the test.
Medicinal plants of Solanaceae
Zhang Xian
For the sake of Jiahe's minor strain, he slept sick and didn't go to the government meeting.
"Water Tune" was drunk and listened to several times, and I woke up drunk in the afternoon. Send away spring, when will spring come back? Near dusk mirror, sad past years, past and future empty.
On the sand and the poultry pond, the clouds break the moon to make a shadow, heavy curtains cover the lights, the wind is uncertain, people should be quiet first, and tomorrow should be a full house.
Question: In the first film of the word (1), the two words "Chun" in the sentence "When will Chunchun go back" have different meanings in combination with the context. The "chun" of the former refers to the latter.
(2) Wang Guowei commented that "clouds break through the moon to make a shadow" and the word "noisy" made the realm come out. "Please talk about the beauty of the word' Nong' from the perspective of refining words.
Analysis: The angle of this question is to examine and appreciate the language art of ancient poetry.
The previous one of (1) refers to the season, a great spring. The latter refers not only to the fleeting time, but also to the beautiful past youth time. And (2) in the specific case of a cloudy late spring night, clouds are shrouded and dusk is confused, so the richness of flowers may not be fully displayed. But suddenly, unexpectedly, the clouds opened and the bright moonlight suddenly appeared on the earth. Coupled with the help of the wind, the flowers not long ago were swept away under the moon, making their beauty and beauty disappear at once, which naturally brought unexpected relief to the world. A word "Nong" conveys this unique modality.
X. doubt from the use of allusions
The ancients often used allusions to express their thoughts and feelings in their works, either vividly and strongly, or implicitly. The use of allusions can not only make the language concise, but also increase the richness of content, vividness and implicitness of expression, so college entrance examination questions are often questioned when using allusions.
For example: 10. Read the following poem and then answer this question.
A brief and pleasant meeting with my brother-in-law, "meeting by chance, just for separation".
After nearly ten years of war and displacement, adults meet unexpectedly. I didn't know my name for the first time. I was surprised when I first saw my name. I called my name and remembered that old face.
Talking about the changes of the world after parting, I have been talking about the temple bells at dusk. Tomorrow you are going to climb the old Baling Road in Qiushan. I wonder how much weight there is?
Q: Of all the things that happen with the tide, what does "the thing of the sea" mean? How does the author say goodbye?
Analysis: The angle of this question is to examine and appreciate the art of using allusions in ancient poetry. The "vicissitudes of life" here uses the allusions of vicissitudes of life, showing the changes of individuals, relatives and friends and society in the past ten years, and also revealing the author's infinite feelings about social unrest.
The author didn't use the word "don't" in his poem, but thought of the scene of my cousin's long trip on Baling Road, which was blocked by heavy mountains in late autumn, showing the melancholy mood of "no future", echoing the first sentence of "ten years without chaos".