The Biography of King Gesar is a great heroic epic created by the Tibetan people in China. By describing the heroic achievements of Gesar, the hero, who was not afraid of violence, difficulties and obstacles all his life, with amazing perseverance and magical power, he fought in all directions, subdued demons, cured violence and benefited the people, enthusiastically eulogized the great struggle of justice over evil and light over darkness. In a broad background, this epic reflects the major historical stage of the development of ancient Tibetans and their basic social structure with great momentum and superb artistic skills; Expressed the people's good wishes and lofty ideals; Described the complex ethnic relations and the process of their gradual unification; Reveal the inevitable trend of social and historical development; It also reflects the religious beliefs, customs and moral concepts of the ancient Tibetan people, and has distinctive national style and local characteristics.
The Biography of King Gesar is structurally composed of the history of birth, the history of demonization and the Department of Hell. When folk artists rap, they often sum up the whole content of the epic in three sentences: "The heaven above sent messengers to the world, and all kinds of disputes in Middle-earth, and the hell below completed the karma." "God sent messengers to earth" means that the gods discussed in heaven and decided to send Gesar, the son of the gods, to subdue evil spirits, suppress the strong and help the weak, and save the people from suffering. "All kinds of disputes in the middle world" tells the whole process of Gesar from birth to death. This part shows Gesar's heroic achievements in his life, and it is also the main part and essence of the epic. "Going to hell to complete karma" means that Gesar completed his mission, rescued his mother who went to hell and all the suffering beings, and then returned to heaven.
Formally speaking, Gesar has two kinds of books: one is a chapter book and the other is a book, which is called "Zong" in Tibetan. The so-called chapter book is to concentrate Gesar's life achievements in one book and divide it into several chapters, such as Guide's chapter book, Ladakh's chapter book, and some Mongolian Gestler biographies, all of which belong to this category. Some so-called fascicles expand a plot and a story in fascicles into an independent one with a complete beginning and end; Some tell new stories outside the chapters and become independent articles; Some parts of the book are also derived from the new parts of the book, and the short stories of a big story set are separated from most small parts. Gesar is the core of all departments, and they are all part of Gesar. Together, it constitutes a magnificent heroic epic Gesar.
In Tibetan areas, it is mainly circulated among the people in the form of partial editions, and each partial edition has many different versions. For example, a horse race is king, there is a woodcut and several manuscripts. Different artists have different rap books. Different texts have their own characteristics. When we calculate the number of parts, lines and words in Gesar, a partial edition, no matter how many different editions there are, is only one. If the different texts are calculated separately, the length of Gesar will be even more vast.
Judging from the current collection and arrangement, there are more than 80 manuscripts and woodcuts, and dozens of folk artists often sing. To sum up, there are at least about 100 songs,1000000 lines and1000000 words, excluding different texts. Gesar is indeed the longest heroic epic in the world.
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