Ping and Qi are the summary of "straight" and "twisting" in Chinese pronunciation, and are the rules for the beauty of poetry.
Chinese has tones, and the coordinated matching of ups and downs can make poetry read with a musical beauty. In the long-term development process of ancient poetry, people actively explored the method of matching levels and obliques, and by the Tang Dynasty, a rigorous and perfect rhythm was formed.
The ancients divided the "tones" of the pronunciation of Chinese characters into four categories, each represented by the tone of a character itself: 1. "Ping" itself is the straight tone, and Chinese characters with the same tone are called "ping tones"; 2. "Shang (pronounced shǎng)" itself has the tone of "high-low-middle", and the Chinese characters with the same tone are called "Shangsheng"; 3. "Qu" itself has the tone of "high-low", and the Chinese characters with the same tone are called " "Qusheng"; 4. In ancient times, the pronunciation of "Ru" was short and sharp, and the Chinese character with the same pronunciation was called "Rusheng". Among the four ancient tones, only the flat tone is straight and is classified as "flat"; the three tones of "up", "lai" and "in" are either curved or short and are classified as "flat". ——This is the "Ping and Qi" of the old rhyme.
Modern Mandarin uses Beijing pronunciation as the standard pronunciation. Beijing pronunciation incorporates the pronunciation of northern ethnic minorities, without the "entering tone"; the flat tone has changed, and is completely straight, with the pronunciation of the word "yin" Represented by the pronunciation of the word "Yang", it is called "Yinping", and the slightly raised type is represented by the pronunciation of the word "Yang", called "Yangping". The original entrance sounds were changed into different tones. Therefore, Yinping and Yangping are "ping", and the rising and falling sounds are "廄". ——This is the "pingqi" of Xinyun.
The rhythm of modern poetry stipulates the level and obliqueness of each word in a poem. When writing poetry, you need to choose words with qualified tones according to the meter.
A simple example:
A kind of five-jue rhyme stipulates that the first two sentences of Ping and Qi are (comparative sentences):
Ping Ping Ping Qi and Qi, (Ming Zheng Jinsu Zhu)
p>
廄廄廄平平.
(In front of Sushou Yufang)