The cicadas in autumn are so sad and urgent, facing the pavilion, it is in the evening and a sudden rain has just stopped.
All the accounts are not in the mood. I miss places and Lanzhou to urge me to send them.
Holding hands and looking at each other, tears swirled in my eyes until there were no words at last, and a thousand words stuck in my throat and I couldn't say it.
Thinking about thinking, thousands of miles of smoke, dusk, chutiankuo.
Love hurts and leaves since ancient times.
What's more, it is a cold autumn festival.
Who knows where I am when I am awake tonight? There is a breeze and a waning moon on the bank of Yangliu.
This is a long time, people who love each other are not together, and I even expect to be satisfied with the good weather and scenery in name only.
Customs are strange, who to talk to.
This word is an eternal masterpiece to express the feelings of parting, and it is also an outstanding representative of Liu Ci and graceful Ci in Song Dynasty. In the poem, the author expresses his true feelings when he leaves Bianjing to say goodbye to his lover, which is touching. The first one is about the scene of parting, and the second one is mainly about the scene of parting. The whole poem is full of ups and downs, which is one of the "Top Ten Songs of Song and Jin Dynasties" popular in Song and Yuan Dynasties. Write the first three sentences about another time, and point out the place and order of the festivals. Book of Rites &; S226 The Moon Order says, "The moon in Qiu Meng is chilling." It can be seen that the time is probably July of the lunar calendar. But the poet does not describe the natural scenery purely objectively, but through the description of the scenery, the rendering of the atmosphere, the feelings come out of the scene, and the meaning is deep. Autumn, twilight, showers and cold, what the poet sees and hears is bleak everywhere. The phrase "the pavilion is late", with a knife inserted in the middle, was very depressed and swallowed, which more accurately conveyed this bleak situation. The description of these three sentences also paves the way for the "not in the mood" and "in a hurry" in the following two sentences. In Doumen Drinking on Credit, Jiang Yan wrote: "Du Dong drinks on credit, and Jingu sends guests off." His lover held a farewell banquet for him in the pavilion outside Doumen, but the poet was not interested in wine and food. Next, I said, "homesickness, urging hair in Lanzhou". These seven words are completely realistic, but they describe the typical environment and typical psychology with refined pens: on the one hand, I miss it, on the other hand, I urge hair in Lanzhou. How sharp such contradictions and conflicts are! Here, the "blue boat urges hair" uses a straight pen to write the urgency of parting. Although not as touching as they are, it is straightforward and helps to deepen feelings. Then the words "holding hands and staring with tears, but speechless and choking" came out in generate. There are only eleven words, the language is popular, the feelings are deep, and the image is realistic, just like the present. What a close call! The poet's inner monologue of "reasoning" stuck in his throat. The word "year" is used very well here. When you read the sound, as a leadership case, you will naturally turn from "choking" to "thousands of miles" below. After the word "read" is used with the word "go", it shows more and more strong feelings. After reading a word, I feel that the road is endless, and the road is Xiu Yuan. "A Thousand Miles Down" has harmonious colors and picturesque scenery. It is called "smoke wave", "twilight" and "heavy", and the color is as thick as one layer; It is both "a thousand miles" and "wide", and a journey is far like a journey. It tells the parting feelings of lovers when they break up.
The first movie says goodbye, and the next movie says goodbye. Let's make a general discussion first, from individual to general. "Affectionate sadness and parting have existed since ancient times" means that sadness and parting have existed since ancient times, not from the beginning. Then, the phrase "it is more worthy of being left out in the cold and clear autumn festival" means that when it comes to the cold and desolate autumn, the feelings left behind are more important than usual. The word "clear autumn festival" is mapped to the first three sentences. Before and after taking care of it, the needle and thread are extremely dense; The three empty words titled "Gengnakan" strengthen the emotional color, which is more obvious and profound than the first three sentences. "Tonight" comes from the last sentence, which is the early warning strategy of the whole article. It became a famous sentence in the history of Liu Yong's Guangyao Ci. These three sentences should be to imagine the situation on the journey tonight. I thought that a leaf boat would dock soon, and the poet woke up after drinking, only to learn that Xi Xiaofeng was blowing rustling willows and willow branches were hanging high. The whole picture is full of sad atmosphere. The coldness of the guests, the quietness of the scenery and the sadness of parting are all completely condensed in this picture. This scene is like a small meticulous picture frame, which is beautiful. Liu Xizai, a Qing Dynasty man, said in Introduction to Art: "Words are a bit erotic. Liu Yiqing's Yulin Order says:' Since ancient times, feelings have been hurt and separated, and it is even worse to neglect the Qing Autumn Festival. Who knows where I am when I am awake tonight? The last two issues of' Yang Liuan, Xiaofeng and the waning moon' were cold, and the last two sentences were stained with' Tonight'. Between points, there can be no other words separated, and aphorisms become dead. "In other words, these four sentences are inseparable, set off each other, set off each other. If you insert another sentence in the middle, it will destroy the integrity of artistic conception and the unity of image, and the next two epigrams will lose their luster. "It's going to be a year" has been changed into a love story. In the days of gathering, they will always feel happy in prosperity; But another day, year after year, even if there are good days and good scenery, it will not arouse the interest of appreciation, but will only increase the trouble. Even if it is full of emotions, who can enjoy it together? The remote control should "read" the film; The word "nian" is similar to "tonight", closely linked in time and thought, and advanced step by step. "Even if there are thousands of customs in Qian Qian, who should I talk to? "To sum up the whole word with questions is like running to rein in the reins, with a tendency to live but not live; Another example is that many people have returned to the sea, and there are still unfinished things.
The reason why this word is used in moxibustion is because it is quite unique in art and has achieved great success. As early as the Song Dynasty, it was recorded that in touching and graceful words, "Only one hundred and seventy-eight girls got married, with red teeth, singing' Yang Liuan, the wind is dying. The formation of this style depends on the creation of artistic conception. Poets are good at applying the traditional scene blending technique to slow words, and express their feelings of parting through the picturesque realm, which constitutes the realm of poetic beauty and causes readers a strong artistic infection. Although the whole poem is written directly, the narrative is clear and the scenery is well written. The theme is rendered with concrete and vivid natural scenery pictures that can touch sadness, and the difficult scenery is hard to reach and natural. The last two sentences make the finishing point and add color to the whole word, which is an eternal famous sentence among the moxibustion population.
Flowers-burying poem
Flowers fade, flowers fly all over the sky, who pity the red incense?
Soft silk floats in the spring pavilion, and the falling wool touches the embroidered curtain.
The daughter in the boudoir cherishes the spring dusk, full of sorrow and nowhere to complain.
Hoe out the embroidered curtain with your hands and endure falling flowers again and again.
The pods of willows and elms come from wheat straw, regardless of whether peaches float with Li Fei.
Peaches and plums can be delivered next year. Who do you know in the boudoir next year?
When the fragrant nest was first built in March, Liang Jianyan was so heartless!
Although the Ming dynasty can peck flowers and feathers, it is not easy for people to go to Liang's empty nest.
360 days a year, the wind and sword are threatening.
How long can it be glamorous? Once adrift, it's hard to find.
Flowers are easy to see but hard to find, and those who bury them suffocate in front of the steps.
I stole the flower hoe and shed tears, but I saw blood stains on the branches in the sky.
The cuckoo was silent at dusk, and the lotus hoe returned to cover the heavy door.
Blue light shines on the wall, and cold rain knocks on the door, which is not warm.
The strange farmer's ass is twice as depressed, half pity and half chagrin.
Flow spring suddenly to bother, and to silence.
Last night, a sad song was played outside the court. Do you know it is a flower soul and a bird soul?
The soul of a flower and a bird is always hard to stay, and the bird is ashamed of itself without words.
May slaves have wings on this day and fly to the end of the sky with flowers.
After all, where is Xiangshan?
Hide the wind without a trick.
It's better to be clean than trapped in a ditch.
I died today and was buried, but when will I be buried?
The man who buried the flowers is laughing today, but who did he know when he buried them?
Let's see the residual flowers of spring gradually falling, which is the time when beauty dies of old age.
No sad songs for me, I don't know what happened!
Meaning:
The flower has withered and withered, and the wind has blown it all over the sky. The bright red color has faded and the umami flavor has disappeared. Who sympathizes with it? Soft spider silk seems to be broken and connected, floating between pavilions in spring, and catkins flying all over the sky come with the wind and are covered with rusty flower curtains. The girl in the boudoir, facing the last spring scenery, is so sorry, full of melancholy, and there is nowhere to put her sadness. Holding this flower hoe in his hand, he opened the curtains and walked into the garden. The flowers in the garden fell all over the floor. How can I bear to walk around them? Willows with clear signs and shallow pods only show off their wheat straw, regardless of the fall of peach blossoms and the flight of plum blossoms. When the spring returns next year, the peach and plum trees will bloom again, but who will be left in the boudoir next year? In March of the Spring Festival, swallows have picked flowers, and the nest of flowers has been padded. Swallow on the beam, you are too heartless to treat flowers. Although you can pick flowers and peck grass next year, how can you think that the owner of the house is dead, the nest is down and the beams are empty?
There are 360 days in a year. What are the days like? The cold wind like a knife, the frost like a sword, mercilessly ravage the flowers, how long can the bright spring flowers last? Once it's gone, there's nowhere to find it. It's easy to see when the flowers bloom, but it's hard to find once they fall. Standing in front of the steps, I was full of worries, but I was worried about the man who buried the flowers. He held the hoe tightly in his hand and wept secretly. The empty branches seemed to be stained with blood.
The cuckoo cries her blood and tears in obscurity, and the miserable dusk is coming. I went home with a flower hoe and closed the boudoir door. The cold light shone on the empty wall, and people just fell asleep. The spring rain knocked on the window, and the bedding on the bed was still cold. People wonder what makes me so sad today, partly because I cherish the beautiful spring scenery and partly because I am angry at the hasty departure of spring scenery. Come without saying a word, go without saying a word. I don't know where I heard the sad song last night. I don't know whether it is the soul of a flower or the spirit of a bird, but neither the soul of a flower nor the spirit of a bird can be preserved. Ask birds, birds don't talk, ask flowers, flowers bow their heads and be shy.
I hope I can grow a pair of wings from now on and fly to the end of the sky with flying flowers. But even if you fly to the end of the sky, will there be a mound of buried flowers? It is better to put away the delicate bones of flowers with bright sachets and bury your peerless romance with clean hedges. Originally, you were born clean and died clean according to your noble figure, so as not to get a little dirty and be abandoned in a dirty river ditch.
Flowers! I'll bury you when you die today. Who knows when I will die suddenly? I buried the flowers that fell on the ground today, and people laughed at me for being stupid. But when I die, who will bury me? Look at the withered spring scenery. Flowers are falling from the branches. That's when the girls in the boudoir get old and die. Once spring goes and spring comes, the girl becomes an old lady, and the flowers fall and people die, and the flowers are strangers.
Precautions:
(Excerpted from the 27th episode of A Dream of Red Mansions: Cui Diting, Yang Fei Opera, Butterflies Buried in Fragrant Tombs, Swallows Crying, and Red Surplus)
Famous comments
Song of Burying Flowers is the representative of all the sad songs that Lin Daiyu encountered in her life, and it is also an important work by Cao Xueqin to shape this artistic image and show her personality characteristics. Like The Daughter of the Lotus, it is a text that the author tries to copy. This song, which imitates the style of the early Tang Dynasty, is lyrical and artistically successful.
This poem is not only sad and sad, but also has a feeling of oppression. "Liu Cong Fang Fei is long, no matter whether the peach is floating or Li Fei", there are resentment against the cold world and attachment to human feelings; "360 days a year, the wind, the sword and the frost are pressing each other hard", isn't that an indictment of the ruthless reality that has persecuted her for a long time? "May Nong give birth to wings and fly to the end of the day with flowers. After all, where is Xiangshan? There is no trick, a cup of pure land protects the wind. It is better to be clean than to be trapped in a ditch. " It is the kind of aloof character who is unwilling to be humiliated and defiled and unwilling to bow his head and yield when the fantasy of freedom and happiness cannot be realized. These are its ideological values.
Another value of this poem is that it provides important clues for us to explore the tragedy of Baodai in Cao Xueqin's works. Jia Xu originally had a comment on writing: "I read" Buried Flowers "until three or four o'clock, and its sadness and regret made people forget their life experiences, so I can't approve it any more." There is a guest day:' Mr. Wang is not a treasure owner, how can he write? "It is that every word is double-circled, and the word is immortal, but it is difficult to express each other's meaning. Once you meet Brother Yu, you will be recognized again. Oh, hey! What I want to stop is also from "Stone", so stop writing and wait. "
It is worth noting that it is pointed out in the comment on writing that it is impossible to comment on this poem without reading Yu Xiong Hou Wen; It is precisely the "post-essay" related to this poem that makes the critics "stop writing and wait". There is no doubt that the so-called "post-essay" refers to the writing of Daiyu's death in the second half of the lost manuscript. If this poem only symbolizes the misfortune of a fallen beauty in general, then you don't have to wait for the next one; Only when what is written in the poem is not general, but mostly related to the plot of Daiyu's death later, it is necessary to emphasize that after reading the following words, I will go back and deepen my understanding of this poem. It can be seen that Burying Flowers is actually a poem written by Lin Daiyu. This can be proved by the quatrains in tihongloumeng, which were written by the author's contemporaries and probably by the author's friends. The poem says:
A sad funeral poem seems to come true.
Andrew died for a wisp of love, fan HongLing again?
"It seems to be true" can only be said by people who know the plot of Daiyu's death written by the author.
In the past, we thought that Yi Ming might not be able to read the whole novel like Yan Zhi. Now, it seems very likely that he finished reading the second half of the manuscript, or at least listened to the people in the author's circle who talked about the main plot in the second half in detail. If we say the later things mentioned in Ming Yi's quatrains, such as "gathering like spring dreams and scattering like smoke" and "there is no aura under the stone", we can still speculate; Then, it is impossible to write a poem describing poverty like "Wang Sun is skinny" and a poem describing his conviction like "Shamed on the unfortunate Skillen".
The same is true of the last two sentences in the poem quoted above: He said that he really hoped that the novel "Die for Love", which came back from the dead, would save Daiyu, make Bao and Dai two lovers soul mates, and reconnect the red silk rope cut by the old man at the end of the month. Imagine, as long as the "sink cup" can rise, the "HongLing" can continue, which is different from the reason why the sequel later imagined the tragedy of Bao and Dai because of involuntary marriage! If everything is as written in the sequel by Cheng Weiyuan and Gao E, Baoyu already belongs to him. What's the use of "sinking" Daiyu? Does "Continued HongLing" make her aunt Bao Er?
This poem "Nong buries flowers and laughs today." Who did he know when he was buried? ”？ ..... "The last few sentences, such as the book repeated several times, with special emphasis, even learned to recite poems by writing parrots. It can be seen that the day when beauty dies of old age is really the time when spring flowers fall, not the comparison of function words. At the same time, it is said here that "we won't know who it is until we bury him", and it is said in front that "whoever dies with fragrance has pity on jade" and "a wandering is hard to find" and so on So there is no doubt that Daiyu died in a very miserable and lonely situation like Qingwen. At that time, not everyone was busy holding a wedding for Baoyu, so there was no time to take care of it. On the contrary, Baoyu and Xifeng were both exiled because of avoiding disaster. It was a day when "the family was ruined and everyone died, and each family sought more happiness." In the poem, "both willows and pods come from weeds, regardless of whether peaches float together" still means this.
"In March, the fragrant nest has been built, and Liang Yanyan is too ruthless. Although we can peck flowers next year, it is difficult to grasp the meaning of the sentence "no one can go to the empty nest of Liang", which is between solvable and unsolvable. Now, if you look at it in a prophetic way, it will be more clear. Probably in the spring, Baodai's marriage is basically settled, which is the so-called "fragrant nest has been built." However, in autumn, something happened, just like Liang Zhongyan flew away mercilessly, and Baoyu was forced to run away from home. Therefore, she lamented that "the soul of flowers and birds is always hard to stay" and imagined that she could "give birth to wings" and walk with her. She cried for a day and a night, and finally all her tears ran out. "
From this point of view, it is completely appropriate to compare "Flower Fall" with Daiyu and "Human Death" (exile). Whenever Baoyu encounters the so-called "ugly disaster", someone else will be unlucky. First Jin Chuaner, then Qingwen, and finally sealed Daiyu. Therefore, there is a pun in the poem that "clean and clean is better than being trapped in a ditch", which can be used to dissect and show integrity. When Baoyu returned to Jiafu in the autumn of the following year, Hongyi Courtyard was "red, thin and green" (fat comment), and Xiaoxiang Pavilion was a desolate scene of "rustling leaves and loneliness" (fat comment). Daiyu's boudoir was full of excitement with Baoyu, only to see a "cobweb covered with carved beams" (fat comment refers to Baochai's residence). "Although you can peck flowers next year, you can't go to the empty nest of beams!" Isn't that what it means? The above are just some details that can be confirmed from the clues mentioned in the fat review, and may not be so appropriate. But this poem and Baodai's tragic plot must take this into account, which is probably not subjective; In fact, the poem "seems to come true" doesn't stop there. Daiyu's Autumn Window Farewell and Peach Blossom Walk also have this nature. The former seems to say unfortunately that she left Baoyu later, while the latter seems to be a preview of her "want to cry without tears" (fat comment) ending.
Some people say that "burying flowers" comes from two poems by Tang Yin (A Dream of Red Mansions). Poetry is of course borrowed from others, but the relationship between "source" and "flow" of literary and artistic creation cannot be confused. When it comes to the use of some words, sentences and artistic styles in previous works, it is really unnecessary to look for them in the collections of Ming people. Isn't it enough to borrow and use some well-known poems such as "The colors change this year, who will bloom next year" and "Flowers are similar year after year, and people are different year after year" in Liu Xiyi's "Waiting for the North Pulsatilla" in the early Tang Dynasty? That is, if the plot of burying flowers, it may not follow the story of Tang Yin's peony flower "filling the tip and burying the east bank of the medicine column". Cao Yin, the author's grandfather, wrote a poem "A peach blossom buried in a lonely grave for a hundred years". Isn't that enough to inspire his thoughts? But these are all "streams", only used. They can neither represent the main spirit of poetry nor replace the author's creation divorced from real life. What's more, as mentioned above, the author's ingenious writing in this poem does not lie in the lingering words that hurt spring and cherish flowers on the surface.
The poem "tihongloumeng" in the Qing Dynasty said: "A sad poem seems to be realized unconsciously." This lyric poem by Daiyu is actually a prophecy that reveals her fate. Like a fragrant and delicate flower, she quietly opened, was tortured to death in the storm, and quietly disappeared from the world. To say that this poem is a prophecy does not mean that every word implies the specific experience of Daiyu in terms of its overall thinking.
Of course, the negative depression in Burying Flowers is also extremely strong and can not be ignored. It has a bad influence on readers who lack analytical thinking ability. Although this kind of emotion is completely in line with Lin Daiyu's ideological character formed by her artistic environmental position, after all, because the author consciously expresses his life experience through the mouth of the person he loves, to some extent, it exposes the weakness of his thoughts. We sympathize with Lin Daiyu, but at the same time we also see that this sentimental aristocratic lady is very fragile in thoughts and feelings.
If we think about "funeral poems" in connection with the fate of all young women in Fu Rong, we think it is not only a poem by Daiyu, but also a poem by Daguan Garden. Although their specific experiences in the future are different, there is no difference in "no luck in life", and they are all registered in the "unlucky department". With the decline of the Jia family, all the girls in the Grand View Garden have to get stuck in the dirt and ditches, and there is no good end.