In poetry appreciation, the most headache for students is the analysis of techniques. One of the reasons is that students lack technical knowledge. In view of this, the author has the idea of detailing poetry techniques. This paper mainly talks about one of the commonly used expressive techniques of poetry-the combination of reality and fiction.
First, what are "virtual" and "real"
The "emptiness" in ancient poetry refers to those imaginary images and ethereal realms that are intuitively invisible but can be appreciated between the lines; "Reality" refers to the real images, facts and reality existing in the objective world.
Second, the use of "emptiness" and "reality" in ancient poetry
1, the scene in front of us is real, and the imaginary scene is empty. Take Yulinling as an example:
The cicadas in autumn are so sad and urgent, facing the pavilion, it is in the evening and a sudden rain has just stopped. All the doors are full of emotions. I miss that place and the blue boat urges me to send it. I held my hand and cried for years, but I was speechless.
These poems are all about the real situation, and they are all "empty".
Thinking of returning to the south this time, this journey is another road. Thousands of miles away, it is misty, and the night sky is a vast night fog.
These three sentences are half empty and half real.
Where did you wake up tonight? Yang Liuan, morning breeze and waning moon.
These three sentences are all imaginary scenes, written in vain.
2. The real scene is true, the past scene, the world of gods and ghosts, and dreams are all empty. Take Niannujiao Chibi nostalgia as an example;
The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow.
This is what Su Shi saw when he visited the Chibi Collection outside Huanggang, which is also a "reality".
A white figure with a feather fan came face to face, and while talking and laughing, the enemy warships burned to ashes.
These three sentences reproduce the historical picture of burning Chibi, which is obviously not the real scene in front of us, so it is empty writing.
3. The image is real and the abstraction is virtual; Finite is real, infinite is empty.
Take Youmei as an example:
A river flows eastward.
This sentence, write melancholy. Sadness is very abstract, but Li Yu turned it into "a spring water", surging and overwhelming, turning abstraction into image and emptiness into reality.
Another example is "the garden is not worth it":
But this spring spring, after all, can't be caged. Look, there is a pink apricot sticking out of the wall.
These two words, with less wins more, show infinite spring with limited red apricots. This is to turn reality into reality.
4. The side is real and the front is virtual. With Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha Qiu Si":
Small bridges and flowing water.
This sentence reflects people's lonely and desolate mood with a warm scene.
Thirdly, the function of the combination of reality and fiction in ancient poetry.
Tang Biao in the Qing Dynasty put it incisively in Reading Composition Spectrum: "The article is not realistic enough to explain the meaning and truth, nor is it empty enough to express it around, so it is often appropriate to combine it with reality." In view of the short space and limited capacity of poetry, the poet seeks the combination of reality and fiction, which makes it rich in connotation and endless in extension.
Such as: Du Fu's "The banks of the Yellow River were recaptured by the imperial army";
The news of this distant western station! The north has been recovered! At first, I couldn't stop crying on my coat.
Where are my wife and son? There is not a trace of sadness on their faces. However, I packed my books and poems crazily.
On a green spring day, I began to go home, singing my songs loudly and drinking my wine.
Come back from this mountain, pass another mountain, go up from the south and then go north-to my own town! .
The first two couplets are realistic. When the poet first heard that the land in the middle of Sichuan was "gathering thistles in the north", it meant that the nest of the "An Shi Rebellion" that had been entrenched for eight years was destroyed, and Du Fu couldn't help crying all over! This is sadness.