Common sense of literature
Poetry is a rhyming style, which can be sung with music. In linguistics, a word is the smallest language unit that can be used freely. Ci, as a kind of poetry, is a new literary style that rose in the Tang Dynasty (Ci originated in Sui and Tang Dynasties). In the Song Dynasty, after a long and sustained development, it entered its heyday. Ci originated in Tang Dynasty and flourished in Song Dynasty.
Ci, also known as Quzi, long and short sentences and poems, is a kind of songs and poems filled with feasts. Poetry and words belong to the category of verse, but poetry is only used for chanting and words are used for singing. Ci is a unique form of poetry, which was originally sung with music. A word is characterized by a long and short sentence. There are different names for the tunes of inscription poems, and there are regulations on the total number of sentences, the number of sentences, the number of words and the level of each sentence. Words are divided into poems, middle tones and long tones, and are divided according to the number of words. Small orders are under 58 words; 59 to 90 words are alto; Words above 9 1 are long sounds. Ci school is divided into bold school and graceful school. His works show different styles. The representative writers of the bold school are Su Shi and Xin Qiji. The representative writers of graceful and restrained school are Liu Yong, Qin Guan and Li Qingzhao.
2. Qinyuanchun Changsha Reading Notes
Qinyuanchun Changsha is full of magnificent autumn scenery. Aesthetically speaking, the beauty of sublimity is manifested in the external aspect, which is embodied in magnificent scenes such as tall, vast, majestic and magnificent. Kant, a German philosopher, divided sublimity into two categories: mathematical sublimity, such as the volume of mountains; The sublimity of mechanics is like the momentum of a storm. Chernyshevski, a famous Russian literary critic, also said: "One thing is much bigger than everything compared with it, and that is sublime." Confucius also linked "greatness" with sublimity and praised: "greatness! Yao is the king. It is majestic, only the sky is the biggest, and only Yao is the best. " This kind of sublimity, broadness and magnificence is vividly reflected in the description of mountains and rivers in Chairman Mao's poems. Qinyuanchun Changsha is one of the best articles. The first half of the word focuses on scenery. "Independent cold autumn, Xiangjiang River north, Orange Island." First of all, the author puts himself in the broad background of autumn sky. At the same time, he brought readers into the lofty realm of late autumn. From a distance, he said, "the mountains are all red and the forests are all dyed red." The author not only sees the maple forest in Yuelu Mountain in front of him, but also thinks of Cotinus coggygria in Xiangshan, Beijing, Ubuntu, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Acer, Quercus, and countless mountains in the motherland that turn from green to red. It is more splendid than the spring flowers in February and more magnificent than the colorful clouds dancing in June. Close-up: "The river is clear and transparent, and hundreds of people compete for it." Autumn waters are crystal clear. In autumn, Jiang Bibo, the Xiangjiang River at the foot is more crystal clear in autumn, such as green jade and transparent crystal. On the river, Qian Fan is contending for hair and a hundred people are contending for crossing, which is silent and full of vitality. Look up, "eagle! In this transparent and shallow river, groups of fish are swimming freely with their fins swinging. In just four short poems, the author describes a three-dimensional and vast south of Wan Li and colorful autumn colors, just like the colorful landscape paintings of Guan Shanyue, a famous contemporary Lingnan painting school. It is worthy of "driving away from the mountains and focusing on the sea" (Li Bai's "Dangtu Zhao Yan Shaofu Pastel Landscape Song"). A Close Talk about Wan Li (Du Fu's Song of Wang Zai's Painting Landscape) and the northern scenery described by the author's another word "Spring Snow in Qinyuan" are unprecedented panoramic landscapes in classical poetry. The sublime beauty of a glorious youth is reflected in the heart, which is the reflection of a great and noble soul. It is pointed out that sublimity is "the echo of a great mind". The second half of the word focuses on lyricism, which is an expression of the echo of a great mind. This expression is first induced by memories. "I took a hundred couples to travel and recall the past years. "The author remembers walking, swimming and talking about world events with my classmates and friends in Orange Island. Recalling the unforgettable eventful years, this word was written in the late autumn of 1925, about the time when Comrade * * * left Hunan for Guangzhou, the center of revolutionary activities at that time. * * * Comrades studied and worked in Changsha many times from191to 1925. Such as the Revolution of 1911, the First World War, the October Revolution in Russia, the May 4th Movement and the founding of China. , are all major changes affecting the world situation. Such years, such as one towering peak after another in the historical mountains, "are just classmates and teenagers, in their prime;" The spirit of scholars, Fang Qiu. "In this eventful year, the author and his classmates, such as Cai Hesen, He Shuheng and Zhang Kundi, are young, high-spirited, talented, high-spirited and enthusiastic. The poet skillfully used "Zhuangzi Tian Zifang" in which "the husband is the most, facing the sky, diving down the grave, swinging eight strokes, and the gas remains unchanged. "Free and unrestrained mind. (Fang Qiu means free and unrestrained, but it means vigorous and powerful. In the past, it was explained that "free and unrestrained" was criticism and refutation, and "Fang Qiu" was an expert authority, which was inaccurate. ) "Advice, inspiring words, and the shit Wan Huhou. This is the further concretization of "eventful years" and "free and unrestrained Fang Qiu". He published articles that fanned the flames, criticized the darkness, preached the truth, and despised the "Wan Huhou" at that time-warlords were like dirt. During this period, Comrade * * * organized the Hunan Students' Federation and Xinmin Society in Changsha, opened evening classes for civilians, cultural bookstores and self-study universities in Hunan, participated in activities against Yuan Shikai's claim to the throne, led the expulsion of Zhang and other warlords, and especially founded Xiangjiang Review and Marx. In order to establish the China in 192 1, we made ideological and organizational preparations in Hunan. These are not only "swords, but also the quality of cutting vinegar." "The troubles of young people should be floating clouds." (Li He's "To Wine") The poet and his companions' worries about the cloud can be said to be straightforward, like the Yangtze River, surging down, magnificent and stirring. Finally, the waves stopped the ship's flight. One explanation is that "hitting the water" means swimming, struggling to paddle in the rapids, and the waves will even stop the fast-moving ships. I always feel that this artistic conception does not conform to the spirit of "fighting for the present" praised by the author. I prefer the transformation of "mid-stream hitting water", that is, "mid-stream hitting water" The Biography of Zu Di Chin: Zu Ti. "Later, the" Six Classics "became synonymous with vowing to revive the motherland. What is said here is that the poet should ride the wind and waves in the tide of the new era, forge ahead with his oars, and vow to revitalize China's lofty aspirations and lofty sentiments. After reading it, people seem to hear a patriotic heart, pounding, and thus feel the reflection of a great soul.
3. What are the main contents of Qinyuanchun Changsha?
Qinyuanchun Changsha * * * Qinyuanchun Changsha is independent in cold and autumn, and Xiangjiang River reaches Orange Island in the north. Look at the mountains and forests; The river overflows, and all rivers compete. The eagle strikes the sky, the fish is shallow, and all kinds of frosty days fight for freedom. Chang Leo kuo asked the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs? I took a hundred couples on a trip to reminisce about the past years. I am just a classmate, a teenager, in the prime of life; "The Scholars" attacked Fang Qiu, pointing out the mountains and rivers, and made a profound impact. At that time, Wan Huhou was full of dust. Do you remember when you hit the water in the middle stream and the waves stopped the speedboat? On a crisp autumn day in late autumn, I stood alone in Orange Island, watching the clear water of Xiangjiang River slowly flow northward. I saw that thousands of peaks have all turned red, layers of trees seem to have been dyed, the river is crystal clear, and ships compete with each other. In the vast sky, eagles are flying vigorously, fish are swimming briskly in clear water, and everything is competing for the free life of Qiu Guang. Facing the endless universe. Looking back, my classmates and I often come here hand in hand to play. We discussed state affairs together, and countless extraordinary years still haunt my mind. The students are all in their prime; Everyone is ambitious, passionate and strong. Commenting on state affairs and writing these magnificent and clear articles, they treated the warlords and bureaucrats at that time as dirt. Do you remember when we swam together in the river and the waves almost stopped the running boat?
4. The literary genre of "Qinyuanchun" in Changsha
Literary genre; Words (long sentences and short sentences)
It is vividly pointed out that China, armed with Marxism–Leninism, is the leading force that dominates the China revolution. The author was 32 years old when he wrote this word. At that time, the revolutionary situation was high and mass movements were surging. Writing scenery above and emotion below is a true portrayal of the author's ambition and confidence in the future.
Content: Independent cold autumn, Xiangjiang River north, Orange Island.
You see the mountains and plains, and the layers of forests are all dyed;
The river is full of water, and hundreds of people compete for the flow.
The eagle hits the sky, the fish is shallow,
All kinds of frost fight for freedom.
Lonely, ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs?
Took 100 couples on a trip,
Recalling the past, the years are thick.
Just a classmate and teenager, in full bloom;
Scholar spirit, Fang Qiu.
Guide the direction, inspire words,
Shit is Wan Huhou.
Remember, when the midstream hit the water, the waves stopped the speedboat!